Pervez Musharraf was born in 1943 in Delhi and became the Army Chief of Staff of Pakistan in 1998. In 1999, he carried out a bloodless coup and became the President of Pakistan. As President, he instituted several economic reforms that increased GDP, exports, education and healthcare. However, his suspension of the Chief Justice in 2007 and declining public approval led to his resignation in 2008 after nearly 9 years in power.
In 1957, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the youngest
member of Pakistan's delegation to the United Nations.
As his father was politically active, Bhutto had learned
politics and its affairs from very early age.
In 1958, he became Pakistan’s youngest cabinet
minister. He was assigned ministry of Water and
Power.
He was then given ministry of Commerce,
Communication and Industry.
Close and trustworthy to Ayub Khan.
Indus Water Treaty and Oil Exploration Agreement.
1963, Bhutto became Foreign Minister.
In 1957, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the youngest
member of Pakistan's delegation to the United Nations.
As his father was politically active, Bhutto had learned
politics and its affairs from very early age.
In 1958, he became Pakistan’s youngest cabinet
minister. He was assigned ministry of Water and
Power.
He was then given ministry of Commerce,
Communication and Industry.
Close and trustworthy to Ayub Khan.
Indus Water Treaty and Oil Exploration Agreement.
1963, Bhutto became Foreign Minister.
Constitutions and political crisis in pakistan (1947-2014)Tallat Satti
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1947-56)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1957-72)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1973-88)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1989-2000)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan(2001-2014)
ECONOMICAL REFORMS
Savings and Investments
Human capital development
Agriculture
Dams
Women Empowerment
1.Gross domestic product
Increased from $60billion to $170 billion
2.Domestic and foreign investements
Increased from $60 billion to $170billion
3.Exports
Tripled form $7billion to $22 billion
4.International trade
Increased from $20 billion to $60 billion
Ayub Khan was Pakistani politician and army general who served as the second President of Pakistan .
.In 1958 until being forced to resign amid the 1969 uprising in East Pakistan.
Born: 14 May 1907 at Rehana.
Died: 19 April 1974 at Islamabad
Education : For his basic education, he was enrolled in a school in Sarai Saleh, which was about 4 miles from his village , after that he was shifted to Haripur School .
. After passing his Matriculation Examination in 1922, Ayub was sent to Aligarh University where he spent four years. However, before appearing exams, he was selected for the Royal Military College at Sandhurst. He sailed for England in 1926.
General Muhammad Zia Ul Haq - Dictatorship in PakistanAqib Syed
General Muhammad Zia Ul Haq - Dictatorship in Pakistan
Zia was born in Jalandhar, British India, in 1924 asthe second child of Muhammad Akbar, who workedin the Army GHQ in Delhi and Selma, prior to theliberation of Pakistan from British colonial rule in1947.
He completed his initial education in Selma andthen attended St. Stephen's College, Delhi for hisgraduate degree. After graduation from St. XavierCollege, Zia joined the British Indian Army in 1943.
Foreign Policy
Aims of foreign policy of Pakistan
China and Pakistan’s Relations
Relationship’s History of Pakistan and America
India-Pakistan Relations
Kashmir Conflict
Pak-Afghan Relations
For just over half of its 64 years of independence, Pakistan has been ruled by its powerful military. Democratically elected governments have struggled to complete their terms, being alternately dismissed by presidents or removed from power by army chiefs.
Indeed, only one parliament has ever completed its five-year term - and it was headed by General Pervez Musharraf, a military dictator, as both president and army chief.
His government according to Universal Decleration of Human Rights.
Constitutions and political crisis in pakistan (1947-2014)Tallat Satti
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1947-56)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1957-72)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1973-88)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1989-2000)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan(2001-2014)
ECONOMICAL REFORMS
Savings and Investments
Human capital development
Agriculture
Dams
Women Empowerment
1.Gross domestic product
Increased from $60billion to $170 billion
2.Domestic and foreign investements
Increased from $60 billion to $170billion
3.Exports
Tripled form $7billion to $22 billion
4.International trade
Increased from $20 billion to $60 billion
Ayub Khan was Pakistani politician and army general who served as the second President of Pakistan .
.In 1958 until being forced to resign amid the 1969 uprising in East Pakistan.
Born: 14 May 1907 at Rehana.
Died: 19 April 1974 at Islamabad
Education : For his basic education, he was enrolled in a school in Sarai Saleh, which was about 4 miles from his village , after that he was shifted to Haripur School .
. After passing his Matriculation Examination in 1922, Ayub was sent to Aligarh University where he spent four years. However, before appearing exams, he was selected for the Royal Military College at Sandhurst. He sailed for England in 1926.
General Muhammad Zia Ul Haq - Dictatorship in PakistanAqib Syed
General Muhammad Zia Ul Haq - Dictatorship in Pakistan
Zia was born in Jalandhar, British India, in 1924 asthe second child of Muhammad Akbar, who workedin the Army GHQ in Delhi and Selma, prior to theliberation of Pakistan from British colonial rule in1947.
He completed his initial education in Selma andthen attended St. Stephen's College, Delhi for hisgraduate degree. After graduation from St. XavierCollege, Zia joined the British Indian Army in 1943.
Foreign Policy
Aims of foreign policy of Pakistan
China and Pakistan’s Relations
Relationship’s History of Pakistan and America
India-Pakistan Relations
Kashmir Conflict
Pak-Afghan Relations
For just over half of its 64 years of independence, Pakistan has been ruled by its powerful military. Democratically elected governments have struggled to complete their terms, being alternately dismissed by presidents or removed from power by army chiefs.
Indeed, only one parliament has ever completed its five-year term - and it was headed by General Pervez Musharraf, a military dictator, as both president and army chief.
His government according to Universal Decleration of Human Rights.
OUTLINE:
GEO-STRAREGIC IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN.
GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN.
GEOGRAPHICALLY LOCATION OF PAKISTAN WITH RESPECT TO NEIGHBORS.
GEO-POLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN.
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
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‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
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In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
2. Childhood
Born on 11 august 1943 in Delhi
He’s the second among three brothers
After creation of Pakistan, his parents chose to live
in Karachi
Pervez Musharraf was from a middle class family
Musharraf's first childhood home was called
'neharwali haveli'
3. EDUCATION
He received his education from Saint Patrick's High
School, Karachi.
He has done his intermediate from F. C. College, Lahore.
In 1961, he joined the Pakistan Military Academy and was
commissioned in Artillery Regiment in 1964.
5. LIFE AS AN ARMY PERSON
fought in the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965 as a young officer,
and was awarded Imtiazi Sanad for gallantry.
He also achieved the Nishan-i-Imtiaz (Military) and the
Tamgha-i-Basalat
He has been also on the faculty of the Command and Staff
College, Quetta and the war wing of the National Defence
College.
In 1980s, Musharraf was commanding an Artillery brigade.
In the 1990s, he was promoted to major general.
6. In 1998, he was personally promoted over
other senior officers by Prime Minister
Nawaz Sharif to be the Army chief of staff
and chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Committee
7.
8. MILITARY COUP
Musharraf plane was not allowed to land
anywhere in Pakistan when he came back from
tour of Sri Lanka .
On October 12, 1999, military took over the
government in Pakistan.
Musharraf became the head of the state
designated as Chief Executive
He assumed the office of President of Pakistan
on June 20, 2001.
He agrees to leave the army on 31st December,
9. He hold general elections in the country on 10th
October 2002.
he transferred the powers of Chief Executive to the
newly elected Prime Minister.
After volunteer resignation of President Rafiq Tarar,
he was administered fresh oath of office of
President on 31st October 2002.
11. Savings and investments
Gross domestic product
Increased from $60billion to $170 billion
Domestic and foreign investements
Increased from $60 billion to $170billion
Exports
Tripled form $7billion to $22 billion
International trade
Increased from $20 billion to $60 billion
12. Human capital Development
Human developmental index
Pakistan's HDI grew at an average rate of 2.7% per year
Education
The budget increased from 500 million to 28 billion
Number of universities increased
Health
Life expectancy increased
Poverty halved
13. Local Government Ordinance
The 2001 Local Government Ordinance provides for devolution of
government to district administrations.
Each district administration is headed by a District Coordination Officer (DCO)
and a Zila Nazim.
The District Coordination Officer is the administrative head of the District
Administration. They have wide-ranging responsibility for overseeing, improving
and directing the approved plans of the District Government.
The Zila Nazim used to be the executive head of the District Administration
until 2010, when the government gave their powers to the District Coordination
Officer.
They are responsible for implementing government strategy and developing
initiatives arising out of it
14.
15. SUSPENSION OF CHIEF JUSTICE 2007
• On 9 March 2007, Musharraf suspended Chief
Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry and pressed
corruption charges against him. He replaced him with
ally Acting Chief Justice Javed Iqbal.
16.
17. FALL FROM PRESIDENCY
• By August 2007, polls showed 64 percent of Pakistanis did not want
another Musharraf term.
• Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif, had brutalized the personal image
of Musharraf in public and political circles.
• After removal of Shaukat Aziz as Prime minister, Musharraf could not
have sustained his presidency any longer and dramatically fell from
the presidency within a matter of eight months