This document summarizes the key parts of an abstract for a research paper. It outlines that an abstract typically includes the study area, objectives, methodology, results, conclusions, and recommendations. It then provides an example abstract that applied two techniques, the weighted overlay method and boolean logic, to determine the best locations for artificial groundwater recharge in Sadat City, Egypt. The results showed the northern part of the city was best suited. It concludes by recommending both methods can be useful depending on needs, with the weighted overlay method providing more flexible results.

2. Parts of Abstract
• Study Area
• Objective / Significance
• Methodology
• Results / Findings
• Conclusions
• Recommendations

3. Example
• Re-search Paper Name: APPLICATION OF THE OVERLAY
WEIGHTED MODEL AND BOOLEAN LOGIC TO DETERMINE
THE BEST LOCATIONS FOR ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE OF
GROUNDWATER
• Authors: Peter H.S. Riad1, Max Bilib2, Ahmed A. Hassan1, Maha
Abdel Salam3 and Mohamed Nour El Din1
1Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo/Egypt
2institute of Water Resource Management, hydrology and Agricultural
Hydraulic Engineering, Leibniz University of Hannover, Germany
3Research Institute for Groundwater, El Kanater-Cairo/Egypt

4. Example (Re-written)
Due to lack of fresh drinking water in modern cities, there is always an urge to find out
other ways to accommodate the water supply and demand. This re-search paper
compares 2 techniques: Weighted Overlay Method and Boolean Logic. The study area is
Sadat City, lies on 93 km from Cairo-Alexandria Highway, is a new industrial city.
The 1st method involves here requires 8 factors and their weightage. As every factor is not
equally important. Then to re-classify the raster in order to get the suitability map, after
taking products of factors with its weightage. The 2nd method involves all the factors, and
then to apply Boolean Logic using raster calculator. It yields the answer in true and false,
one that meets the conditions and other that do not.
The results shows that the northern part of the city has the best locations for artificial
ground water recharge.
It is recommended that both methods do their job well. It is upto requirement, if just to
have a general idea, then Boolean is an easy way of doing. But if one wants more flexible
results with medium range, then Weighted Overlay Method serves the purpose accurately

5. Example (Original from Paper)
With population increase, lack of conventional fresh water resources and uncertainties due to climate change,
there is growing interest in the arid and semi-arid areas to increase groundwater recharge with recycled water.
Finding the best locations for artificial recharge of groundwater in such areas is one of the most crucial design
steps to guarantee the long life and the sustainability of these projects. This study presents two ways to go
about performing analysis; creating a suitability map to find out the suitability of every location on the map
and another way is querying the created data sets to obtain a Boolean result of true or false map. These
techniques have been applied on Sadat Industrial City which is located in a semi arid area in the western
desert
fringes of The Nile delta in the north west of Egypt. Thematic layers for number of parameters were prepared
from some maps and satellite images and they have been classified, weighted and integrated in ArcGIS
environment. By the means of the overlay weighted model in ArcGIS a suitability map which is classified into
number of priority zones was obtained and it could be compared with the obtained true-false map of Boolean
logic. Both methods suggested mostly the northern parts of the city for groundwater recharge; however the
weighted model could give more accurate suitability map while Boolean logic suggested wider ranges of areas.
This study recommends Boolean logic as a first estimator for locating the best locations as it is easier and not
time consuming, while the overlay weighted model for more accurate results.

6. Words Limit
Words limit???
o As per format
o Generally,
• Paper = 200 words
• Conference = 250 - 300 words

7. Example
• Re-written:
o 195 words
• Original:
o 262 words

8. Parts of Title
Parts of title:
• Summary
OR
• Objective
OR
• Case Study

9. Example
• Re-search Paper Name: Application Of The Overlay Weighted
Model And Boolean Logic To Determine The Best Locations For
Artificial Recharge Of Groundwater
• Re-search Paper Name: Estimation and Distribution of Nitrate
Contamination in Groundwater of Wah Town, its Causes and
Management
• Re-search Paper Name: Modelling categorical data to identify
factors influencing concern for the natural environment in Iran.

10. Parts of Proposal
• Study Area
• Objective
• Data
• Methodology
• Applications

11. Don’t Write
• Results
• Conclusions
• Hypothesis

12. Optional
• Title Name

13. Example
• Title of Proposal
o The title of my proposal is: ‘‘… ’’
• Study Area
o The study area chosen for this project (so for now, other options can be
considered.) is: ‘‘… ’’
• Purpose and Objective of Study
o Few of the main objectives of my proposal are:
• Datasets and Methodology
o Available Datasets

14. o Methodology
o Software
• Applications and Significance:
o This will helps in the assessment of ………….