As gender issues have become more mainstreamed in scientific research and media reports, confusion associated with the terms sex and gender has decreased. However, the discussion on sex and gender be integrated into our day to day conversations.
As gender issues have become more mainstreamed in scientific research and media reports, confusion associated with the terms sex and gender has decreased. However, the discussion on sex and gender be integrated into our day to day conversations.
Understanding how gender relations shape women’s and men’s lives is critical to disaster risk reduction (DRR). This is because women’s and men’s different roles, responsibilities, and access to resources influence how each will be affected by different hazards, and how they will cope with and recover from disaster. This presentation is part of Oxfam GB's Gender and Disaster Risk Reduction training pack available at www.oxfam.org.uk/genderdrrpack.
There’s the pandemic you know about, and all too well. It’s rightfully crowding the headlines of your newspaper and occupying the minds of government leaders. It’s taking loved ones, imperiling heroes in scrubs, threatening neighbors at the cash register, and suddenly.........
For more read visit https://bit.ly/2EgMNRp
Presentation by Paola Giuliano at Development Day 2018 – Gender Equality and Economic Development: From Research to Action. This year conference was focused on existing constraints and also highlighted initiatives that could help to create an equal society.
More about the conference and research in transition economics can be found on SITE’s website: https://www.hhs.se/site
Presentation by Jemimah Njuki at the FAO-ILRI Workshop on Integrating Gender in Livestock Projects and Programs, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 22-25 November 2011.
Trends and patterns of Savings (Household Savings) in India Akash Singh
This is my seminar work which i have done in my 4th semester. An attempt has been made to analyze the changing trends of savings and its dependency on certain factors in India , a comparative graphical representation of China and India has been done to reflect patterns of changing rates in these two emerging economies . Please do give valuable suggestion so as to improve in future .
Understanding how gender relations shape women’s and men’s lives is critical to disaster risk reduction (DRR). This is because women’s and men’s different roles, responsibilities, and access to resources influence how each will be affected by different hazards, and how they will cope with and recover from disaster. This presentation is part of Oxfam GB's Gender and Disaster Risk Reduction training pack available at www.oxfam.org.uk/genderdrrpack.
There’s the pandemic you know about, and all too well. It’s rightfully crowding the headlines of your newspaper and occupying the minds of government leaders. It’s taking loved ones, imperiling heroes in scrubs, threatening neighbors at the cash register, and suddenly.........
For more read visit https://bit.ly/2EgMNRp
Presentation by Paola Giuliano at Development Day 2018 – Gender Equality and Economic Development: From Research to Action. This year conference was focused on existing constraints and also highlighted initiatives that could help to create an equal society.
More about the conference and research in transition economics can be found on SITE’s website: https://www.hhs.se/site
Presentation by Jemimah Njuki at the FAO-ILRI Workshop on Integrating Gender in Livestock Projects and Programs, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 22-25 November 2011.
Trends and patterns of Savings (Household Savings) in India Akash Singh
This is my seminar work which i have done in my 4th semester. An attempt has been made to analyze the changing trends of savings and its dependency on certain factors in India , a comparative graphical representation of China and India has been done to reflect patterns of changing rates in these two emerging economies . Please do give valuable suggestion so as to improve in future .
THE BREAKTHROUGH STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ALL THE MDGS INVESTING IN WOMEN AND GIRLS THE BREAKTHROUGH STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ALL THE MDGS Based on a speech by Jon Lomoy, Director of the OECD’s Development Co-operation Directorate, at the Helsinki High-level Symposium, United Nations 2010 Development Co-operation Forum, 4 June 2010 KEEP GIRLS IN SCHOOL 1 I believe that investing in women and girls in itself constitutes a breakthrough strategy for achieving the MDGs, and that almost any investment we make in women and girls will have multiplier effects across the Goals —Helen Clark, UNDP Administrator, 25 March 2010. W ithout a great leap forward towards achieving greater equality between women and men and increased empowerment of women and girls, none of the MDGs will be achieved. It is time to back up political promises with the investments and resources needed to do the job. Investing in women and girls has a powerful impact. It will make the world a better place for all – both women and men. Helen Clark has called it the breakthrough strategy for achieving the MDGs. The challenge is to identify how and where donor money can fuel that breakthrough strategy. There are four key areas where increased investments and attention could have catalytic and multiplier impacts on the lives of women and girls – and of future generations: • Keep girls in school to complete a quality secondary education • Urgently improve reproductive health, including access to family planning services • Increase women’s control over productive and financial assets (not just microcredit), and • Identify and support women leaders at all levels. Studies have shown that women with even a few years of primary education have better economic prospects, have fewer and healthier children, and are more likely to ensure that their own children go to school. Development would be accelerated if girls were kept in school to complete a quality secondary education. Education of girls is one of the most powerful tools for women’s empowerment, but discrimination continues to keep girls out of school. • In 2007, only 53 of the 171 countries with available data had achieved gender parity in both primary and secondary education1 . • Secondary school enrolment is very low in sub-Saharan Africa (24 percent of girls and 33 percent of boys). That means that girls are missing out – particularly when they live in rural areas and in poor households. Removing school fees and providing financial incentives for girls to attend school have proven to be effective. At the same time we need to build schools closer to remote communities, ensure that schools have quality teachers and adequate sanitary facilities and that they are safe places for girls. 1. United Nations (2009). The Millennium Development Goals Report 2009
1.1.3 AWHN Conference 6 2010 Federation:
Commission on the Social Determinants of Health: gendering health inequities.
Southgate Institute for Health, Society & Equity,
Flinders University
Adelaide
Given the predominantly patriarchal
setup in the country, the health and
education of a girl child is highly
neglected. Special programmes have
indeed been initiated to stop early
marriages and reduce school dropout
rates. But a lot more needs to be done.
Health & Education
of Girl Child in
India: An Increasing
Concern
– Dr Vibhuti Patel
Gender equality implies that women and men have equal rights and chances to achieve financial independence in education, as well as personal growth. (Source) Women's empowerment and development can be an essential element of attaining equality in gender. For more information please visit our website: https://www.womeninspiringnetwork.com/
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
2. Introduction
Gender is a development issue.
Different concepts:
• women in development (WID)
• women and development (WAD)
• gender and development (GAD)
• the efficiency approach
• the empowerment approach
• gender and the environment (GED)
• mainstreaming gender equality
3. Gender Issues
Gender and education
Resources
Work and women
Maternal mortality ratio
Declining sex ratio
Gendered patterns of migration
Gender and violence
4. Gender is a social construct
In contrast to sex, which refers to biological
differences between males and females,
gender is a social or cultural construct of the
differences between women and men.
People are born female or male, but they
acquire a gender identity that shapes socially
acceptable activities for women and men,
their relations, and their relative power.
5. Gender and education
Gender differences in education exist in many
parts of the world
Education and development
Reduction in child mortality
Improvement in nutrition
Decrease in fertility rates
6. Educating Women Reduces National Infant Mortality
Infant mortality (deaths per 1,000 births)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Sub-Saharan Africa
50 70 90 110
Secondary education (females per 100 males)
South Asia
Middle East
& North Africa
Latin America
& Caribbean
East Asia
OECD
7. Educated Women Have Healthier Children
250
200
150
100
50
0
Africa Latin America &
Caribbean
Asia
0 Yrs.
4-6 Yrs.
7+ Yrs.
Under 5 mortality per 1,000
Years of education of mother
(Average of household survey results)
8. IInnddiiaa KKeennyyaa
Calculation of Net Social Benefits to Girls’ Education
for Representative Countries
Cost of one additional year of primary schooling
for 1,000 women $32,000 $58,000
Benefits of an additional year of schooling:
CChhiilldd mmoorrttaalliittyy rreedduucceedd bbyy:: 7.5% 7.5%
Alternative cost per child death $750 $750
Total value of averted deaths $32,000 $36,000
BBiirrtthhss aavveerrtteedd:
Percentage reduction in total fertility rate 7.5% 7.5%
Alternative cost per birth averted $250 $300
Value of averted births $75,000 $98,000
MMaatteerrnnaall mmoorrttaalliittyy::
Maternal deaths averted 2 2
Alternative cost per averted maternal death $1,500 $1,500
Value of averted maternal deaths 2,300 2,600
Discounted social benefits (15 years, 5%) $52,000 $66,000
9. Resources
Women have poor command over land, information
and financial resources.
In South-east Asia female resource possession is low
and female autonomy is very low.
In developing countries women rarely possess land
Female headed households
Female headed enterprises
10. Declining sex-ratio
There are at least 60 to 100 million missing
women.
Female infanticide and sex-selective foeticide
Declining child sex-ratios
Relation of declining sex-ratios to the
population policies and son preference
Example
11. Where is there anti-girl discrimination and a
resulting shortage of girls?
East Asia: China, Taiwan, South Korea
South Asia: India, Nepal, Pakistan
Not in most Muslim countries of Arab Middle East,
North Africa, Southeast Asia, or Central Asia.
Not in most of Latin America, Africa, Middle East,
Less Developed, or Least Developed Countries.
Not in Europe, North America, Russia.
Only certain cultures have such strong traditional
anti-daughter bias that is now exacerbated by
declining and low fertility, leading to sex-selective
abortion and/or excess mortality of daughters.
12. Maternal Mortality Ratio(MMR)
MMR measures the number of deaths to women per
100,000 lives births due to pregnancy-related
complications,
400 per 100,000 live births globally in 2000.
By region, it was highest in Africa (830), followed by Asia
- excluding Japan (330), Oceania - excluding Australia and
New Zealand (240), Latin America and the Caribbean (190)
and the developed countries (20).
Worldwide, 13 developing countries accounted for 70 per
cent of all maternal deaths.
13. Work and Women
Women work considerably longer hours than men in
many countries.
Division of labor (mostly household job at the
expense of education, leisure and health)
Common in the absence of adequate infrastructure
for water, energy and transport
14. Participation
Women still earn less than men in the labor
market
On average in developed countries, women in
the wage sector earn 77% of what men earn;
in developing countries 73%
In politics, women continue to be vastly
unrepresentative
16. Gender inequalities are costly for
development
Societies that discriminate on the basis of
gender pay a significant price- in more
poverty, slower economic growth, weaker
governance and in lower quality of life.
Gender inequalities in basic rights, education,
access to productive resources, participation
in public life- all have detrimental impacts on
development
17. Infant and child mortality
Impact of gender gap in education on infant
and child mortality can be observed in
countries where girls are only half likely to
go to school as boys have 21 more infant
deaths per 1,000 live births than countries
with no gender gap
Sub-Saharan Africa (under five mortality would
have been 25 percent lower)
18. Nutritional status
Mothers education, health and income are key
determinants of child nutrition in developing
countries
Study that observed child malnutrition pattern from 63
countries between 1970 and 1995
In Brazil, the positive impact on children’s nutritional
indicators of additional income in mothers’ hands is 4-8
times larger than the impact of additional income in fathers’
hands.
19. Economic growth and gender
equality
Income growth promotes gender equality in the long
run by increasing women’s education, investment in
girls human development and for women to
participate in the labor force.
Ghana, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Peru, Tanzania, Turkey
and Vietnam
More investment in rural infrastructure like water,
transportation and fuel eases the burden of females
Nepal and Pakistan- water and energy infrastructure
Morocco- pipes water increases girls school attendance
20. Adolescent child bearing
More than 15 million girls aged 15 to 19 give birth
each year.
Motherhood at a very young age entails
complications during pregnancy and delivery
and a risk of maternal death that is much
greater than average.
The children of young mothers have higher levels of
morbidity and mortality.
Early child-bearing continues to be an impediment
to improvements in the educational, economic
and social status of women in all parts of the
world.
21. Gender and violence
Sexual and gender-based violence, including
physical and psychological abuse, trafficking
in women and girls, and other forms of abuse
and sexual exploitation place girls and women
at high risk of physical and mental trauma,
disease and unwanted pregnancy. Such
situations often deter women from using
health and other services.
22. Gender and development
All societies have established a clear-cut division of labor by
sex, although what is considered a male or female task varies
cross-culturally, implying that there is no natural and fixed
gender division of labor.
Second, research has shown that, in order to comprehend gender
roles in production, we also need to understand gender roles
within the household.
The third fundamental finding is that economic development
has been shown to have a differential impact on men and
women and the impact on women has both positive and
negative results. .
23. Three-part strategy
Reforming institutions
Implementing policies for sustained
economic growth and development
Taking active measures to improve women’s
command of resources and political voice
24. Conclusion
After three decades of Women in Development and
Gender and Development policies the work of
redressing gender inequalities has only just begun…
Investing in women will not put an end to poverty
but it will make a critical contribution to improving
household well-being.
Furthermore, it will help to create the basis for future
generations to make better use of both resource and
opportunities