It is current prevailing situation in different places of Nepal. People have blind faith on this issue in present context of Nepal because of lack of understandings and education.
Socio-psychological impact of early marriages on females
Representated by Hina zamir
overview
Marriage
Types of marriages
Early marriage
Cause of early marriages
Impacts of early marriages amoung female
1 .psychological effect
2. social effect
What is marriage :-
According to Psychology Dictionary
Marriage(also called matrimony or wedlock)is a social construct in the form of a formal union of a man and a woman, typically recognized by law, by which they become husband and wife
According to Horton and Hunt,
“Marriage is the approved social pattern whereby two or more persons establish a family.”
Malinowski – “Marriage as a contract for the production and maintenance of children”.
Types of marriage :-
1. Monogamy
2. Polygyny
3. Polyandry
5. Polyfidelity
6. Same sex marriage
7. Open marriage -- swinging
8. Common law marriage
9. Group marriage
10. Boston marriage
11. Levirate marriage
12. Sororate marriage.
13. Endogamy
14. Exogamy
15. "Mixed" marriage
16. Arranged marriage
17. Egalitarian marriage
18. Complementarian marriage
19. Covenant marriage
20. After Death Marriage
What is “Early marriage” ?
In accordance to Article 1 of the Convention on the Right of the Child“Early marriage refers to any marriage of a child younger than 18 years old “.
According to UNICEF (2001a:5), “early marriage refers to the practice of marriage before or during adolescence.”“a fundamental threat to human rights “
Types of early marriages
“Early marriage is arranged in a different age group.
Promissory marriage
Arranged before the birth of the child.
Child marriage
Arranged for girls under 10 years of age and the bride is placed under the custody of in-laws until she reaches puberty age.
Early adolescent marriage
Arranged for girls between ages of 10-14. The married child may stay with parents but periodically visits her parents-in-law
Late Adolescent marriage
When the bride is 15 –18 years old
Causes of early marriage :-
Poverty and economic transactions
Notions of morality and honour
Protecting ‘chastity’
Subjugation of women
Culture and Tradition
Historical Explanation
Children considered to be a “Burden”
lack of awareness about the dangers of early marriage
parents’ fear of their daughters’ being unmarriageable after the age of 14
parents’ desire to secure their daughter’s future
to strengthen ties between the marrying families for social as well as economic protection and security
parents’ desire to see their children married and settled before passing away or becoming old
Effects of early marriages :-psychological effect
depression,
anxiety
bipolar disorder
addicted to drugs, alcohol, or smoking
Pressure
Emotional blackmail
Too many responsibilities
Violence and abuse
young brides’ reduced opportunities to develop psychological and social skills necessary to make strategic decisions
Gender equality implies that women and men have equal rights and chances to achieve financial independence in education, as well as personal growth. (Source) Women's empowerment and development can be an essential element of attaining equality in gender. For more information please visit our website: https://www.womeninspiringnetwork.com/
It is current prevailing situation in different places of Nepal. People have blind faith on this issue in present context of Nepal because of lack of understandings and education.
Socio-psychological impact of early marriages on females
Representated by Hina zamir
overview
Marriage
Types of marriages
Early marriage
Cause of early marriages
Impacts of early marriages amoung female
1 .psychological effect
2. social effect
What is marriage :-
According to Psychology Dictionary
Marriage(also called matrimony or wedlock)is a social construct in the form of a formal union of a man and a woman, typically recognized by law, by which they become husband and wife
According to Horton and Hunt,
“Marriage is the approved social pattern whereby two or more persons establish a family.”
Malinowski – “Marriage as a contract for the production and maintenance of children”.
Types of marriage :-
1. Monogamy
2. Polygyny
3. Polyandry
5. Polyfidelity
6. Same sex marriage
7. Open marriage -- swinging
8. Common law marriage
9. Group marriage
10. Boston marriage
11. Levirate marriage
12. Sororate marriage.
13. Endogamy
14. Exogamy
15. "Mixed" marriage
16. Arranged marriage
17. Egalitarian marriage
18. Complementarian marriage
19. Covenant marriage
20. After Death Marriage
What is “Early marriage” ?
In accordance to Article 1 of the Convention on the Right of the Child“Early marriage refers to any marriage of a child younger than 18 years old “.
According to UNICEF (2001a:5), “early marriage refers to the practice of marriage before or during adolescence.”“a fundamental threat to human rights “
Types of early marriages
“Early marriage is arranged in a different age group.
Promissory marriage
Arranged before the birth of the child.
Child marriage
Arranged for girls under 10 years of age and the bride is placed under the custody of in-laws until she reaches puberty age.
Early adolescent marriage
Arranged for girls between ages of 10-14. The married child may stay with parents but periodically visits her parents-in-law
Late Adolescent marriage
When the bride is 15 –18 years old
Causes of early marriage :-
Poverty and economic transactions
Notions of morality and honour
Protecting ‘chastity’
Subjugation of women
Culture and Tradition
Historical Explanation
Children considered to be a “Burden”
lack of awareness about the dangers of early marriage
parents’ fear of their daughters’ being unmarriageable after the age of 14
parents’ desire to secure their daughter’s future
to strengthen ties between the marrying families for social as well as economic protection and security
parents’ desire to see their children married and settled before passing away or becoming old
Effects of early marriages :-psychological effect
depression,
anxiety
bipolar disorder
addicted to drugs, alcohol, or smoking
Pressure
Emotional blackmail
Too many responsibilities
Violence and abuse
young brides’ reduced opportunities to develop psychological and social skills necessary to make strategic decisions
Gender equality implies that women and men have equal rights and chances to achieve financial independence in education, as well as personal growth. (Source) Women's empowerment and development can be an essential element of attaining equality in gender. For more information please visit our website: https://www.womeninspiringnetwork.com/
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This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
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2.
Gender equality is a human right, but our world faces less access to
opportunities and decision-making power for women and men.
Globally women have fewer opportunities for economic participation
than men, less access to basic and higher education, greater health and
safety risks, and less political representation.
Guaranteeing the rights of women and given them opportunities to
reach their full potential is critical not only for reaching gender
equality, but also for meeting a wide range of international
development goals. Empowered women and girls contribute to the
health and productivity of their families, communities, and countries,
creating effect that benefits everyone.
3.
The word gender describes the socially constructed roles and
responsibilities that societies consider appropriate for men and women.
Gender equality means that men and women have equal power and
equal opportunities for financial independence, education, and personal
development.
Women empowerment is important aspect of achieving gender equality.
It includes increasing a women’s sense of self-worth, her decision-making
power, her access to opportunities and resources, her power and control
over her own life inside and outside the home, and her ability to effect
change.
Yet gender issues are not focused on women alone, cut on the
relationship between men and women in society.
The actions and attitudes of men and boys play an essential role in
achieving gender equality.
4.
The world is making a progress in achieving gender parity in education,
girls still make up a higher percentage of out-of-school children than boys.
One quarter of the girls in the developing world to do attend school.
Families with limited means who cannot afford costs such as school fees,
uniforms, and supplies for all of their children will prioritise education for
their sons.
Families may also rely on girls labour for household chores, carrying
water, and childcare, leaving limited time for schooling.
An educated girl is more likely to postpone marriage, raise a smaller
family, have healthier children, and send her own children to school. She
has more opportunities to earn an income and to participate in political
processes, and she is less likely to become infected with HIV.
5.
HIV/AIDS is becoming an increasingly impactful issue for
women.
This can be related to women having fewer opportunities for health
education, unequal power in sexual partnership, or as a result of
gender-based violence.
Women have limited access to prenatal and infant care, and are more
likely to experience complications during pregnancy and childbirth.
Critical concern in countries where girls marry and have children
before they are ready, often well before the age of 18.
Quality maternal health care can provide an important entry point for
information and services that empower mothers as informed
decision-makers concerning their own health and the health of their
children.
6. Women comprise more than 50% of the world’s
population, they only own 1% of the world’s wealth.
Throughout the world, women and girls perform long
hours of unpaid domestic work. In some places, women
still lack rights to own land or to inherit property, obtain
access to credit, earn income, or to move up in their
workplace, free from job discrimination. Including at
home and in the public arena, women are widely
underrepresented as decision-makers.
Women are outnumbered 4 to 1, yet women political
participation is crucial for achieving gender equality and
genuine democracy.
7.
Gender : Socially-constructed roles and responsibilities that societies consider
appropriate for men and women
Gender-based violence : Violence against women based on their perceived subordinate
status (e.g., physical abuse, sexual assault, psychological abuse, trafficking)
Gender equality : Equal power and opportunities for men and women
Gender gap : Discrepancy between men and women in the areas of health, education,
political empowerment, and economic empowerment
Gender parity : Relative access to resources for men and women, often used for
education
Maternal health : The health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and during the
postpartum period
Percy Amendment : 1974 congressional amendment to the Peace Corps Act requiring
Peace Corps Volunteers to integrate women into the economic, political, and social
development of their countries
Women's empowerment : The fostering of a woman's sense of self-worth, her decisionmaking power, her access to opportunities and resources, her power and control over
her own life inside and outside the home, and her ability to affect change