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GB GEOTECHNICS USA INC. IS INCORPORATED IN NY STATE. MEMBER OF THE GBG GROUP OF COMPANIES.
NEW YORK LOS ANGELES CAMBRIDGE LONDON SYDNEY PERTH
www.gbg-us.com awhite@gbg-us.com
Non-Destructive
Evaluation:
A Considered Approach to Assessment
and Documentation.
ALAN WHITE - GB GEOTECHNICS USA INC
PRESENTATION SUMMARY
OBJECTIVES
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
PRESENTATION SUMMARY
OBJECTIVES
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION &
DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
PRESENTATION SUMMARY
OBJECTIVES
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION &
DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?
CASE STUDY.
OBJECTIVE 1:
THE SCIENCE OF NDE
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION &
DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?
CASE STUDY.
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]
INVESTIGATION BELOW THE SURFACE
MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY [MBS]
MEASURING THE SURFACE
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. IMPULSE RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS
[METAL DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]
THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
THERMOGRAPHY IS THE PROCESS OF
ACQUIRING AND ANALYZING THE
SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF AN
OBJECT.
THERMAL IMAGING
OVERVIEW
THERMAL IMAGING
DATA COLLECTION
NIGHT VISION
‘ENHANCED’ LIGHT
VISUAL
VISIBLE LIGHT
THERMAL
INFRARED ENERGY
THERMAL IMAGING vs. NIGHT VISION
THERMAL IMAGING
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
UNIFORM
HEAT FLOW
INTO THE
STRUCTURE
UNIFORM
HEAT SIGNATURE
IN THERMAL
IMAGE
THERMAL IMAGING
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
UNIFORM
HEAT FLOW
INTO THE
STRUCTURE
ANOMALY
IN THERMAL
IMAGE
THERMAL IMAGING
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
VARIATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION
MOISTURE
DEFECTS
THERMAL IMAGING
WHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: TIMBER FRAME
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: TIMBER FRAME & MOISTURE
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: BRICK TIES / HVAC
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: DELAMINATION
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: RADIANT HEAT SYSTEMS
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: MOISTURE
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: MOISTURE TRACKING
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: FAÇADE EVALUATION
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: HIDDEN MOISTURE
THERMAL IMAGING
EXAMPLE: COMPLEX STRUCTURES
VERSATILE PRESENTATION
BENEFITS:
1.Remote sensing
2.Rapid coverage
3.Simple Analysis
4.Simple Presentation
LIMITATIONS:
1.Cannot see through walls
2.Colors can be deceiving
THERMAL IMAGING SUMMARY
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL
DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]
THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR USES
RADIO WAVES TO ASSESS THE FORM
AND CONDITION OF SUBSURFACE
STRUCTURE.
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
OVERVIEW
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
COLLECTION
GPR vs. X-RAY
X-RAY
[HIGH ENERGY]
GPR
[LOW ENERGY]
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
UNIFORM STRUCTURE
Uniform Data Output
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
INTERRUPTION IN STRUCTURE
ANOMALY IN DATA OUTPUT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
MULTIPLE INTERRUPTIONS IN STRUCTURE
MULTIPLE ANOMALIES IN DATA OUTPUT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
VARIATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION
EMBEDDED OBJECTS
DEFECTS
ELEVATED MOISTURE
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
WHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
EXAMPLE: STONE ANCHOR ASSESSMENT
BENEFITS:
1.Non-Destructive
2.Safe
3.Can see through walls
4.Rapid data collection
5.Adaptable
LIMITATIONS:
1.Requires surface contact
2.Air & Metal is difficult
3.Analysis is complex
GPR SUMMARY
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL
DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]
THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
ACOUSTICAL TESTING IS THE PROCESS
OF UNDERSTANDING THE
CONSTRUCTION AND CONDITION OF
A STRUCTURE BY ANALYZING THE
BEHAVIOR OF SOUND WAVES.
ACOUSTICS
OVERVIEW
ACOUSTICS
COLLECTION
ACOUSTICS vs. ULTRASOUND
PICTURESNUMBERS
THICKNESS /
DEPTH
ASSESSMENT
Stone
Concrete
Terra Cotta
Piles
Metal
ACOUSTICS
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
VOID /
DELAMINATION
ASSESSMENT
ACOUSTICS
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
CRACK
ASSESSMENT
ACOUSTICS
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
CRACK
ASSESSMENT
ACOUSTICS
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
CRACK
ASSESSMENT
ACOUSTICS
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
BENEFITS:
1.Non-Destructive
2.Versatile
3.Simple analysis
4.Provides unique
information
LIMITATIONS:
1.Requires contact with
surface
2.Range is limited
3.Three hands are required
to operate the UPV
ACOUSTICS SUMMARY
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL
DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]
THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
MAGNETIC METHODS ARE GENERALLY
USED TO CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OF
FERROUS MATERIALS WITHIN A
STRUCTURE.
MAGNETIC METHODS
OVERVIEW
MAGNETIC METHODS
DATA COLLECTION
MAGNETICS vs. TREASURE SEEKING
TREASURE SEEKERMAGNETICS USER
MAGNETIC METHODS
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
NO METAL
WITHIN THE
STRUCTURE
MAGNETIC
FIELD
DISSIPATES
MAGNETIC METHODS
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
METAL WITHIN
THE STRUCTURE
MAGNETIC
FIELD
INDUCES A
CURRENT
WHICH IN
TURN
PRODUCES AN
EMF WHICH IS
DETECTED
MAGNETIC METHODS
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
EMBEDDED METAL – REBAR,
STRUCTURE, ETC
EVEN DEPTH OF COVER AND BAR SIZE
[WITH A PACHOMETER]
MAGNETIC METHODS
WHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?
BENEFITS:
1.Non-Destructive
2.Safe
3.Confirms results from
other tests
4.Analysis is simple
LIMITATIONS:
1.Requires contact with surface
2.Limited range
3.Really annoying sound
MAGNETICS SUMMARY
1. INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
2. GROUND PENETRATING RADAR [GPR]
3. ACOUSTICS
4. MAGNETIC METHODS [METAL
DETECTORS]
5. HDS LASER SCANNING
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION [NDE]
THE FIVE MOST COMMONLY USED TOOLS
A LASER-SCANNER GATHERS RAW
SURVEY DATA CALLED A POINT
CLOUD WHICH CAN BE QUERIED FOR
DIMENSIONAL VALUES.
HDS LASER SCANNING
OVERVIEW
HDS LASER SCANNING
DATA COLLECTION
LASER SCAN vs. LASER SHOW
PINK FLOYD TRIBUTE SHOWSIX BILLION POINT CLOUD OF GEOMETRIC DATA
HDS LASER SCANNING
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
HDS LASER SCANNING
APPLICATION: STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT
SURFACE GEOMETRY
DEFORMATION
QUANTITY SURVEYING
HDS LASER SCANNING
WHAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED?
BENEFITS:
1.Non-Destructive
2.Safe
3.Accurate
4.Fast
LIMITATIONS:
1.Can only measure what is
physically visible
2.Large data sets
3.Requires very careful
planning
HDS LASER SURVEY SUMMARY
COMMON THEME?
INTERPRETATION
BASIC…
COMPLEX…
16”
23 to 27”
1¼”
8”
INTERIOR
EXTERIOR VERTICAL
REBAR
VARIABLE GROUT
COMPACTION
PILASTER
SIMPLE…
TRICKY…
ANOTHER COMMON THEME?
SCALABILITY
BIG…
SMALL…
ANOTHER COMMON THEME?
VERSATILITY
HERE…
THERE…
EVERYWHERE…
COME SHINE…
COME SNOW…
TECHNOLOGY SOLVES NOTHING:
IT IS THE SKILL AND INGENUITY OF ITS USER THAT BRINGS VALUE…
OBJECTIVE 2:
THE IMPORTANCE OF NDE
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION &
DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?
CASE STUDY.
NO DRAWINGS
NO DETAIL
NO STARTING POINT
HOW OFTEN DO YOU START A PROJECT WITH
ESTABLISHING A BASELINE
WHY TEST AND MEASURE?
ESTABLISHING A BASELINE
DRAWINGS ARE LOST
DRAWINGS ARE UNRELIABLE
DESIGNS FAIL
MATERIALS ARE FLAWED
HOW GOOD IS VISUAL INSPECTION?
ESTABLISHING A BASELINE
WHAT IS HAPPENING BELOW THE SURFACE
WHAT IS REALLY CAUSING THAT DAMAGE
HOW DEEP SHOULD THE REPAIR GO
HOW EXTENSIVE IS THE DAMAGE
WHAT’S WRONG WITH PROBING?
ESTABLISHING A BASELINE
BAD CONSERVATION PRACTICE
IS THERE ACM PRESENT
CAN THE BUILDING REMAIN ACTIVE
WHAT IS BELOW THE SURFACE
A COUPLE OF PROBES CAN’T HURT
ESTABLISHING A BASELINE
HOW MUCH DOES A PROBE COST
WHERE ARE YOU GOING TO PUT IT
IS THE RESULT REPRESENTATIVE
OBJECTIVE 3:
THE LOOK OF NDE
1. WHAT IS NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION?
2. WHY IS INVESTIGATION, INTERPRETATION &
DOCUMENTATION CRITICAL TO A PROJECT?
3. WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE?
CASE STUDY.
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES
…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES
…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES
…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION
2. WATER INFILTRATION
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES
…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION
2. WATER INFILTRATION
3. MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY / DOCUMENTATION
FOUR DISTINCT CATEGORIES
…WITH ROOM FOR OVERLAP
1. HISTORIC PRESERVATION
2. WATER INFILTRATION
3. MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY / DOCUMENTATION
4. STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
BRIDGES
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
BUILDINGS
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
SCULPTURES
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
TUNNELS
STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION
INCLUDES…
CASE STUDY
CASE STUDY
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CASE STUDY
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CASE STUDY
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CASE STUDY
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CASE STUDY
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
SURVEY AND EVALUATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
DOCUMENTATION
DOCUMENTATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
DOCUMENTATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
DOCUMENTATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
SURVEY AND EVALUATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE
EVALUATION
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
SURVEY AND EVALUATION
BEVERLY HILLS SCHOOLS
CONDITIONS
ASSESSMENT
CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT
HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING
QUESTIONS?

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GBG - Introduction to NDE (AIA)

Editor's Notes

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