A gas turbine works by compressing air in a compressor, mixing it with fuel and combusting it to produce high pressure gases. These gases pass through turbines which are connected to the compressor and output shaft. The high pressure gases cause the turbines to spin, powering the compressor and generating energy output. Key components include the compressor, combustion chamber, and turbines. Gas turbines have advantages of high power-to-weight ratio and lower operational costs but disadvantages of high costs, lower lifespan due to heat, and incompatibility with solid fuels.