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Gandhi
Mohandas Gandhi was born in 1869 in Gujarat, India and educated in law in London. He faced discrimination as an Indian in South Africa, where he lived for 20 years developing his philosophy of non-violent civil disobedience. Through non-cooperation campaigns, Gandhi led India's independence movement and inspired millions. He fasted for religious harmony and advocated for economic self-sufficiency. Gandhi remained committed to non-violence until his assassination in 1948.
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Gandhi
- 1. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in Gujarat, India. • He was educated in law at University College, London.
- 2. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • In 1891, after having been admitted to the British bar, Gandhi returned to India and attempted to establish a law practice in Bombay.
- 3. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Two years later, an Indian firm retained him as a legal adviser in its office in Durban. • In Durban, Gandhi was treated as a member of an inferior race.
- 4. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • He wanted to change the elementary rights for Indian immigrants in South Africa.
- 5. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Gandhi remained in South Africa for 20 years, where he experienced imprisonment many times.
- 6. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • In 1896, after being attacked and beaten by white South Africans, Gandhi began to teach a policy of passive resistance.
- 7. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Part of Gandhi’s inspiration comes from the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, whom Gandhi admired very much.
- 8. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • During the Boer War, Gandhi organized an ambulance corps for the British army and commanded a Red Cross unit.
- 9. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • In 1910, he founded a cooperative colony for Indians called Tolstoy Farm. It was located near Durban.
- 10. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • In 1914 the government of the Union of South Africa made important concessions to Gandhi’s demands, including recognition of Indian marriages and abolition of the poll tax.
- 11. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Gandhi arrived back in Bombay, India in 1915. • Europe has already fallen into World War I by this time.
- 12. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • He became the leader of the Indian campaign for home rule. • Following WWI, he launched his movement of non-violent resistance to Great Britain.
- 13. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • In 1919, Parliament passed the Rowlatt Acts, which gave the Indian colonial authorities emergency powers to deal with revolutionary activities.
- 14. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Gandhi’s teachings spread throughout India, gaining millions of followers.
- 15. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Activities against the Rowlatt Acts resulted in a massacre of Indians at Amritsar by British soldiers. • There were 1,516 casualties.
- 16. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Economic independence for India, involving the complete boycott of British goods, was made of Gandhi’s “self- ruling” movement.
- 17. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Indians saw him as a saint and began calling him “Mahatma” (Great-soul). • He thought that by using non- violence, Britain would also consider violence useless.
- 18. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • In 1921, the Indian National Congress gave Gandhi complete executive authority.
- 19. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Series of armed revolts broke out against Great Britain, and Gandhi ended the campaign of the civil- disobedience.
- 20. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • While imprisoned, Gandhi undertook a “fast unto death” to improve the status of the Untouchables in 1932.
- 21. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Gandhi formally resigned from politics in 1934 after being replaced as a leader of the Congress by Jawaharlal Nehru.
- 22. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • In 1939, Gandhi again returned to active political life because of the pending federation of Indian principalities with the rest of India.
- 23. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • His first action was a fast which would improve the rule of the state of Rajkot.
- 24. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • The public upset caused by the fast was so big that the government had to meet the demands.
- 25. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • By 1944, the British government has agreed to independence if the two religious groups resolve their differences.
- 26. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • India and Pakistan became separate countries after the British agreed to independence in 1947.
- 27. THE LIFE OFGANDHI • Gandhi was assassinated on January 30th , 1948 by a Hindu.