Mohandas Gandhi was born in 1869 in Gujarat, India and educated in law in London. He faced discrimination as an Indian in South Africa, where he lived for 20 years developing his philosophy of non-violent civil disobedience. Through non-cooperation campaigns, Gandhi led India's independence movement and inspired millions. He fasted for religious harmony and advocated for economic self-sufficiency. Gandhi remained committed to non-violence until his assassination in 1948.