Future of Work: Leading & Managing for Success
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Today like no other time in history we stand on the precipice of profound change due largely to the exponential growth of technology. The current predictions for the next 20 years regarding the impact of increased automation coupled with big data and the advancement of artificial intelligence across all industries is almost unfathomable. With these advancements and disruptions, comes both increased promise as well as uncertainty regarding the Future of Work. So, the time has come to reflect on what it means to be human doing human work in an age of machines.
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Future of Work: Leading & Managing for Success
- 1. Future of Work— Leading & Managing for Success January 19, 2017 Dr. Melissa A. Bordogna
- 2. THINK BACK… What are some of the major changes in the workplace you have experienced since the beginning of your career. @DrMelisBordogna #futureofwork #futureoflearning
- 5. 5 Key Drivers 1) Globalisation 2) Millennials & Extreme Longevity 3) Mobility 4) Changing Behaviours 5) Technology
- 7. Source: Accenture Consulting, 2015
- 8. “Between $900 billion and $1.3 trillion in value can be unlocked through the use of social technologies.” -McKinsey Report
- 12. Profession AI Web Designer The Grid Online Marketer Persado Office Manager Betty Accountant Smacc HR Professional FlatPi Journalist Wordsmith Editor Bold Lawyer Ross Doctor Bablyon Psychologist/Therapist Ellie Source: Venture Beat, 2016
- 13. WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE HUMAN??? WHAT VALUE DO WE ADD THAT MACHINES CANNOT???
- 14. Future of Work Capabilities
- 16. Chief Marketing Technologist Digital Storyteller or Chief Digital Officer Chief Collaboration Officer UX/UI Designers Learning Experience Designers Employee Experience Designers End-of-Life Planner or Coach Remote Health Care Specialist Smart Home Handy Person Virtual Reality Experience Designer 3-D Printer Design Specialist Drone Manager Automated Traffic Architects and Engineers Chief Productivity Officer Excess Capacity Broker Private Industry Air Traffic Control Medical Mentor Self-driving Car Mechanic Autonomous Transportation Specialist Personal Medical Interpreter Human-Technology Integration Specialist Wholeness Mentor Data Contexualists Data Transmission Optimizers Crypto Currency Bankers, Regulators, and Lawyers Currency Strategists Jobs of the Future
- 18. • Resilience • Leading Personal-Professional Learning • Emotional Intelligence
- 20. • Social Intelligence • Cross Cultural Competency • Social (Virtual) Collaboration
- 21. • Novel & Adaptive Thinking • Cognitive Load Management • Sense Making
- 22. • New Media Literacy • Design Mindset • Transdisciplinary Approaches • Computational Thinking
- 24. Engagement vs Experience Experience IS the co-created conditions within which employees experience the workplace beginning with the organisational design as well as the established organisational cognitive and emotional cultures Source: (Kahn 1990) Engagement IS a two-way relationship between the employer and employee (Robinson et al 2004)
- 25. Psychological Conditions—Engagement & Disengagement • Meaningfulness • How meaningful is it for me to bring myself into this performance? • Safety • How safe is it to do so? • Availability • How available am I to do so? Source: (Kahn 1990)
- 26. Employee Experience Design—Predictors of Engagement • Meaningfulness—most significant factor • Job enrichment • Role fit • Safety • Rewarding co-worker & supportive supervisor relations • Availability • Resources Source: (Kahn 1990; Pink 2009)
- 27. Employee Experience Design—Predictors of Engagement • Autonomy— • Sustainable workload • Feelings of choice and control • Mastery— • Proficiency opportunities • Reward Source: (Pink 2009; May et al 2004) • Social Interaction— • Supportive work community • Fairness & justice • Recognition • Progress— • purposeful and valued work
- 29. • Command & Control • Local Loyalties • Poor Communication • No Internal Markets Historically
- 32. Redesigned, Flexible Work Arrangements & Spaces
- 34. Boundary-less, Mobile & Portfolio (Freelance) Workforce
- 35. A Convergence of Ages
- 37. @KatalysisX @DrMelisBordogna Dr. Melissa A Bordogna LET’S CONNECT! www.katalysisx.com www.gednet.com.au Melissa@KatalysisX.com
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Editor's Notes
- Working in a world where boundaries do not exist…language, currency and physical location are mattering less and less 50% of workforce by 2020 is predicted to be millennials 75% by 2025…digital natives, different expectations about work Being connected anytime, anywhere on any device Living a more pubic life, building communities and increased sharing and collaboration Big data, internet of things, greater automation and artificial intelligence
- Computer power has been growing exponentially The Internet of Things industry is growing rapidly Global growth of internet connected devices Internet access is growing globally Australia has high rates of internet access and mobile connectedness Social media (social enterprise systems) offer new ways to connect and communicate Cloud computing Data is growing fast… Internet of Things: video: http://www.informationweek.com/iot/industrial-iot-the-next-30-years-of-it/v/d-id/1326157
- Internet of things is all about personalisation….
- In its Collaborative Economy report, Deloitte Access Economics estimated that the value of faster-growing, profitable businesses with collaboration at their core to be worth $46 billion per year in Australia alone And the value if companies make the most of collaborative opportunities to be worth $9.3 billion per year – Australia alone
- Similarly, within the health field assistive paramedical devices will become increasingly common, like the MIT-Manus robotic system, which assists with stroke rehabilitation by helping patients move their arms 800 to 1,000 times in a 45-minute session (compared with 60 to 80 times with a physical therapist).
- For example, thousands of robots are already entering Korean schools to assist with language instruction.
- Confluence prior to a Convergence A report from the Committee for Economic Development of Australia shows the possibility that 40% of Australian jobs that exist today are at risk to automation.
- IBM’s Watson cognitive computer to do paralegal work; Watson already handles simple cases by itself. Artificial intelligence is also able to make medical diagnoses, and there are robot surgeons. Financial systems run on algorithms. IBM’s Watson is being trained to answer call centre queries in natural language. It would also make an ideal tutor for Moocs: always available and always up to date. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, meanwhile, has established an “Affective Computing Group” within its Media Lab. Heather Knight, a PhD student at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, attended a drama course and is now training her robots to express emotion and to “understand” humour. The first two production runs of a Japanese companion robot, called Pepper, sold out in less than a minute. Robots are learning to simulate kindness and caring better than most humans. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/what-will-universities-look-like-in-2030-future-perfect# http://venturebeat.com/2016/07/23/10-jobs-that-a-i-and-chatbots-will-replace-sooner-or-later/?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=pulsenews https://thegrid.io/ https://automatedinsights.com/products/ [Wordsmith] https://bold.io/ http://www.rossintelligence.com/ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/12098412/Robot-doctor-app-raises-25m-to-predict-future-of-your-health.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter http://futurism.com/uscs-new-ai-ellie-has-more-success-than-actual-therapists/
- http://venturebeat.com/2016/07/23/10-jobs-that-a-i-and-chatbots-will-replace-sooner-or-later/?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=pulsenews https://thegrid.io/ https://automatedinsights.com/products/ [Wordsmith] https://bold.io/ http://www.rossintelligence.com/ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/12098412/Robot-doctor-app-raises-25m-to-predict-future-of-your-health.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter http://futurism.com/uscs-new-ai-ellie-has-more-success-than-actual-therapists/
- smart machines will soon largely displace humans from tasks that are repetitive and mechanistic—tasks in which humans imitate machines and tasks that aim for scale and consistency of production
- smart machines will soon largely displace humans from tasks that are repetitive and mechanistic—tasks in which humans imitate machines and tasks that aim for scale and consistency of production e insight, creativity, and adaptability
- Future Workskills 2020 (2011, updated 2016) + Synthesis of other reports Deloitte & Google 2014 Collaborative Economy… 2016 Leadership Report….Future of L&D 2016 report….
- Social intelligence will be a critical skill both for managing relationships and adapting to new kinds of workplace organizations, including both off-line and online contexts…New forms of digital labor, like micro-work and crowdsourcing, demand that people quickly establish rapport with distributed teams, frequently composed of colleagues they will never actually meet in person. In face-to-face interactions, social intelligence is an increasingly important skill, informed by our growing understandings of human behavior, including the profit-margin implications of how well staff are treated. Conversely, lack of social intelligence is becoming less tolerable, especially in key supervisory positions. Cross Cultural or intercultural competence is the ability to understand and then effectively perform, communicate, and engage with others in a different cultural context.[16] Exposure is not enough…. researchers maintain that cross-cultural competency must be learned through practice and training…. And in my experience teaching cross-cultural management I’ve seen…. Social (virtual) collaboration…. exists across space and time through both synchronous and asynchronous communication formats HUGE impacts on and integration with other skill sets…. Sense-making, the ability to create unique insights that are critical to decision-making, will also be impacted by virtual collaboration. Not only can intercultural components complicate sense-making, but the nature of virtual communication sometimes requires more sense-making skills than traditional modes of communication. Social intelligence takes on a whole new meaning in the virtual world, where communications can easily be shorn of politeness and misconstrued. Certainly, new media literacy plays a bit of a role in virtual collaboration, at least in terms of properly using the technological tools.
- Novel & Adaptive Thinking…As everyone and everything becomes more connected, the result is not just that we can do things faster, cheaper, or better. Rather, it is that the whole system becomes highly unpredictable—a change in one area will resonate throughout the whole. As the labor market continues to be defined by volatility, unpredictability, and complexity, workers will be even more frequently called upon to respond to novel and unexpected situations. Type of Adaptive Thinking…. ….. “interactive team cognition.”[45] Interactive team cognition, also referred to as collective cognition, posits that teams are dynamic systems where cognition emerges through interactions among team members as they coordinate and execute a task.[46] Cognition in a team situation is not the sum of the knowledge or capabilities across the individual team members but rather the result of the interactions between them and how they perform in the task environment.[47] Cognitive Load Management…Cognitive load theory (CLT) was first introduced by Miller (1956) to analyze and address the limitations of an individual’s working memory when faced with processing vast amounts of information. Over the years, many researchers have expanded upon Miller’s original formulation in order to examine the effects of attentional control[55] and multitasking[56] on cognitive load processes in the workplace. Today’s world requires processing an unprecedented amount of data in our everyday lives. The ability to skillfully manage one’s cognitive capacity becomes especially important as information from people, objects, and other sources continue to increase daily. Managing this tremendous amount of data so that it creates assets, rather than obstacles, will require workers to develop relevant practices and tools. Deal with the “culture of interruption” also learning how to manage data will also help to streamline how information is packaged and disseminated. Recent studies suggest that workers may also benefit from practicing mindfulness techniques throughout the day…. Sense-making, the ability to create unique insights that are critical to decision-making….the ability to generalize principles that can be applied to novel situations. Looking again at the example of financial analysis, digital pattern recognition can successfully tease out countless useful correlations from historical data, but it cannot effectively project the results of a significant qualitative legal change. To intuitively understand a human system well enough to project the impact of changes in underlying motivations or approach is the exclusive domain of human sense-making.
- New Media Literacy-- critical evaluation… Workers will need to become fluent in assessing new media forms in order to understand how to receive information and subsequently interpret the world. Goes beyond identity management and is about the new media ecology…. New media literacy, comprised of the underlying skills of ascertaining credibility and identifying implicit messages in texts and visual representations plus “knowledge of use” for new kinds of media.[86] Design Mindset…Design thinking is an approach to problem solving that can be applied to both real-world situations as well as intangible services. New capabilities are on the horizon for designing our world on scales ranging from micro to macro—from our minds and bodies to our cities and ecosystems. Importantly, design thinking is non-linear. 1) problem finding; 2) observation; 3) visualization and sense making; 4) ideation; 5) prototyping and testing; and 6) viability testing (Glen et al., 2015).[93 Transdisciplinary thinking goes beyond interdisciplinary teamwork by integrating fields and perspectives rather than working jointly across disciplines. As writer and theorist Howard Rheingold explains, this skill is really about “speak[ing] the languages of multiple disciplines biologists who have understanding of mathematics, mathematicians who understand biology.” Future workers will need to be equipped to think through different disciplinary approaches themselves. Computational thinking, or the ability for individuals to see and manipulate connections across digital systems, It is defined broadly as “the thought processes involved in formulating problems and their solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an information processing agent.”[112] Computational thinking is not just relevant to computer science and adjacent fields—it also encompasses a range of cognitive and analytical abilities that can be used across all disciplines, making it one of the more fundamental skills for future workers.[113] Computational thinking not only brings together principles from across the STEM fields, it is also uniquely transdisciplinary in its incorporation of ideas from communications, psychology, and education.
- Unbounded by space and time [mention the argument of redundancy] ….. is shifting the role of particular social behaviours and their impact in society. Collaboration is facilitated in a new way and thus impacts upon other aspects of the social sphere. Social collaboration, could have wider significance for work patterns, or experiences of civic participation for example, not merely the size and geographical dispersion of collaborative networks.
- Social Exchange Theory
- Research = many people experience a greater search for meaning in the workplace (70 %) than in life in general
- 1. Autonomy – the desire to direct our own lives. 2. Mastery — the urge to get better and better at something that matters. 3. Purpose — the yearning to do what we do in the service of something larger than ourselves.
- Creating Workplaces Where People WANT Be
- Valve Corporation Valve, a software/game company has 300 Stakeholders. There are no managers. People transfer to other projects without "permission", choose what to work on, decide each other's pay, and go on vacation for a week together every year (Hawaii last year). Valve is significantly more profitable per Stakeholder than either Apple or Google. http://www.inc.com/chuck-blakeman/companies-without-managers-do-better-by-every-metric.html
- Semco, a Brazilian company with 3,000 Stakeholders, made washing machines in 1951, but is now in multiple industries including real estate, banking, and web services. In a 10-year recessionary period in Brazil, Semco's revenues still grew 600%, profits were up 500%, productivity was up 700%, and for the last 20+ years, employee turnover remains at an incredibly low 1-2% per year. They have no managers, no HR department, no written policies (just a few written beliefs) and no office hours. Everyone works in small, self-motivated, self-managed work teams who make their own decisions regarding salary, hiring, firing, and who leads the team for the next six months. There are no managers to involve in the process. http://www.inc.com/chuck-blakeman/companies-without-managers-do-better-by-every-metric.html
- https://www.facebook.com/HuffingtonPost/videos/345827295761424/ An example of Autonomy
- Micro-multinationals; organisational structures shift/change Peer-to-Peer (P2P) employment market is rapidly emerging Contingent, Portfolio or Freelance workforce—depending upon your perspective… portfolio work is defined as a freelancer who provides services to employers facilitated by digital technology.