Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
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Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technique that uses thermoplastics to build 3D objects layer by layer through a nozzle. The thermoplastic filament is heated and deposited on the build platform to form the desired shapes. Common thermoplastics used in FDM include acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), nylon, and polyphenylsulfone (PPSF). FDM can be used for modeling, prototyping, and final production parts in industries like aerospace, automotive, medical, and consumer products.
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- Common thermoplastics used include ABS and PLA, and process parameters like orientation, layer thickness, and raster width impact part quality.
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Schools and universities are now implementing 3D printing technology to learn other subjects and courses.
3D printing in Asia
Here's an overview of how Asia and countries in it like India, Japan, and Singapore use the 3D printing technology.
3D Bioprinting
3D bioprinting uses layer-by-layer deposition of bioinks, which are cells or tissues engineered to be part of an organ or other tissue, to fabricate structures that mimic natural tissue characteristics. Bioinks can be deposited to create tissue-like structures for use in medical and tissue engineering applications. These applications include joint replacements, bone plates, intraocular lenses, bone cement, artificial ligaments and tendons, dental implants, blood vessel prostheses, heart valves, skin repair devices, cochlear replacements, contact lenses, breast implants, drug delivery mechanisms, vascular grafts, stents, nerve conduits, surgical sutures and staples, pins and screws for fracture stabilization, and surgical mesh.
Stereolithography (SLA)
Stereolithography, also known as SLA or SL, is an early type of 3D printing technology that solidifies liquid resin into layers using an ultra-violet laser to photocure photopolymer resin according to a pre-programmed design, allowing for the creation of 3D objects in a layer-by-layer process similar to FDM. SLA can be used to produce medical models, prototypes, patterns, production parts, and jewelry.
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
SLS or Selective Laser Sintering is one of the most commonly used 3D printing technology. It uses a powdered material to a solid 3D-printed product.
History of 3D Printing
Rapid prototyping was first patented in Japan in the 1980s. Charles Hull then patented Stereolithography in 1986 and founded 3D Systems Corporation, releasing the first Stereolithography Apparatus (SLA-1) machine. In the 1980s and 1990s, other technologies like selective laser sintering (SLS) and fused deposition modeling (FDM) were developed. Early commercial 3D printers allowed for new applications in manufacturing, engineering, and medicine. By the 2010s, 3D printing had grown significantly in popularity due to lower printer costs and an expiration of early patents, with new applications in prosthetics, food printing, and aerospace.
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