This document discusses furrow irrigation methods. It describes furrows as small channels that carry water down land slopes between crop rows, allowing water to infiltrate into the soil. Furrow irrigation is suitable for row crops and crops that cannot stand water for long periods. The document outlines the advantages of furrow irrigation as high water efficiency, adaptability to most soils, and relative ease and low cost of installation and maintenance. It also notes some disadvantages, such as requiring skilled labor and posing hazards to machinery operation. The document then describes different types of furrow irrigation methods, including level furrows, graded straight furrows, graded contour furrows, and corrugations.

1. SENTHUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
• DEPARTMENTCONSERVATION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
• 4023540 / IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
• SEMINAR PRESENTATION
• Submitted by
S E M I N A R T O P I C
F U R R O W M E T H O D
S U B M I T T E D B Y
L A T H I K A
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2. Furrow Irrigation
▶Furrows are small channels, which carry water down
the land slope between the crop rows.
▶Water infiltrates into the soil as it moves along the
slope.
▶This method is suitable for all row crops and for
crops that cannot stand water for long periods, like 12
to 24 hours, as is generally encountered in the border
or basin methods of irrigation.

4. Advantages:
▶ High water efficiency
▶ Can be used in any row
crop
▶ Relatively easy in stall
▶ Not expensive to
maintain
▶ Adapted to most soils.
▶Disadvantages:
1. Requirement of skilled
labour is more
2. Ahazard to operation of
machinery
3. Drainage must be
provided.

5. Level Furrows
● Small irrigation channels
● Irrigation water must be applied quickly
● Using furrows as large as the stream can contain
● Require extensive land preparation
● Best suited for soils with moderate to slow intake rate
Kinds of Furrow Irrigation

6. Graded Straight
● Small irrigation channels
● Relatively flat lands
● Usually constructed in straight lines
● Initial irrigation stream needs to be more than intake
rate in order for stream to advance
● Suitable for crops planted in rows

7. Graded Contour
● Small graded irrigation channels
● With uneven or warped surfaces
● Furrows are designed to fit the general curves of the
land
● Water application is the same as with graded straight
furrows
● Can be used on most soils except sandy soils and
others that crack easily

8. Corrugations
● Small, closely spaced channels
● Irrigate close-growing crops
● Conform to the slope of land because of the small
capacity of water channels
● Land slopes must be uniform to increase efficiency