Fungal communities in soil play an important role in plant growth by increasing soil organic matter and aggregation while decreasing soil erosion. Fungi develop underground networks of hyphae that entangle soil particles and create links between them, improving soil structure. There are two main types of mycorrhizal fungi that form symbiotic relationships with plant roots - endomycorrhizae which infiltrate root cortical cells, and ectomycorrhizae which form structures outside roots. These relationships improve nutrient and water uptake for plants as well as increasing stress tolerance and plant health overall. Fungal networks also allow communication between plants as chemical signals and nutrients are exchanged through their interconnected mycelium.

1. Fungal
Community
Presents by Sumera Saleem
Roll no: 373
Semester: 5th

2. Fungal Community Role in:
 Soil
 Plants growth
1

3. Soil Fungi
 Fungal communities existing in soil in
arrangement of web called mycelium. Fungi
increases the:
 Soil organic matter
 Soil aggregation
 Fungal communities present in soil also
decreases the soil erosion.
2

4. Soil Organic Matter
3

5. Soil Aggregation
 Fungi develop in stretched thin strands known as
hyphae. Size of fungal hyphae in soil has been
generate to be connected to the quantity of
aggregates in the soil. Fungi support to produce
aggregates in soil then their hyphae entangle soil
elements and they create cross relations between
soil particles. fungi and mycorrhizal fungi that
settle new organic matter and are thought to be
most significant for support aggregation.
4

6. Soil Aggregation
5

7. Soil Erosion
 Mycelium presents on soil grasps the soil and
inhibits from erosion.
6

8. Mycorrhiza
 Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic link composed of
roots of vascular plant and fungus.
7

9. Mycorrhiza
 There are two type of mycorrhiza
 Endomycorrhiza: An Endomycorrhiza is kind
of mycorrhiza in which fungus infiltrates
cortical cells of roots of vascular plant.
 Ectomycorrhiza: An ectomycorrhiza presents
outside root, fungal mycelium produce an
wide system within leaf litter and soil.
8

10. Ectomycorrhizae and
Endomycorrhizae
9

11. Mycorrhizae Advantages
 Improved nutrient and water uptake.
 Lessening of irrigation necessities.
 Decrease want for fertilizer.
 Improved drought resistance.
 Improved pathogen resistance.
 Improved stress tolerance and plant health.
 Greater transplanting success.
10

12. 11

13. Plants Interconnect with Each
Other with Assistance of
Mycorrhizae.
12

14. Communication Among Plants
Through Fungi
 The link between plant’s roots is intracellular
and fungi. There is chemical message
working beside with nutrient exchange. The
association is symbiotic and has progressed
over thousands of ages. It has been exposed
that it drives additional than a fungus and a
plant; that fungi also attach adjacent plants to
each other. Chemical message drives
between multiple plants through fungi.
13

15. Communication Among Plants
Through Fungi
 In forests, it has furthermore been exposed
that once trees expire, they network their
residual nutrients out into fungi net to nourish
other trees. Or else a vile tree may obtain
nutrients from in good health trees. Word
‘mother tree’ has been practical to the main
trees in forest for example these
grandmothers really control over the health
and well being of all nearby trees.
14

16. 15