Thomas Jefferson was elected the third President of the United States in 1801. The election resulted in a tie between Jefferson and his running mate Aaron Burr, forcing the House of Representatives to decide the outcome. Alexander Hamilton convinced Federalists to support Jefferson over Burr, resulting in Jefferson becoming President. As President, Jefferson pursued policies reducing the power of the federal government and commissioned the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore newly acquired western territories after purchasing the Louisiana Territory from France.

1. Thomas Jefferson
1801-1809
The Election of 1800
The two political parties in this election were the
Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists.
On election day, Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr won
73 of the electoral votes, and John Adams won 65.
Aaron BurrThomas Jefferson
Democratic-Republicans
tie with 73 votes
Federalist
65 votes
John Adams

2. Jefferson Burr Adams

3. According to the
Constitution, when
there is a tie, the
vote goes to the
House of
Representatives.
They had to choose
between Burr and
Jefferson to be
president. They
voted 35 times and
always ended up in
a tie.

4. Alexander Hamilton, a
Federalist, did not like
Jefferson, (remember their
differences?)
Hamilton said of Jefferson,
“If there be a man in the world
I ought to hate, it is
Jefferson…But the public good
must be [more important
than] every private
consideration.”
Hamilton believed Jefferson
would do more for the good of
the nation than Burr.
Jefferson Hamilton
Limit the power
of the federal
government!
The national
government
should be strong!

5. Hamilton helped convince other
Federalists to vote for Jefferson, and
on the 36th vote…
Jefferson wins!
(Burr doesn’t forget this)
President Thomas
Jefferson
Vice- President
Aaron Burr

6. In 1804, after years of throwing insults back and
forth at each other, Burr challenged Hamilton to
a duel.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b2EpGGMx_1w

7. Alexander Hamilton was mortally
wounded and died the next day.

8. Domestic (national) Affairs
Jefferson believed that the federal government
should have less power than it had had under the
Federalists
He ended the Alien and Sedition Acts and
released prisoners convicted under the Acts.
He also ended the whisky tax.

9. An Important Judicial Event
Before John Adams left office, he appointed
several people to be judges. One of the men he
appointed was William Marbury.
After Thomas Jefferson became president,
Marbury went to collect his letter that gave him
the job. Secretary of State James Madison
refused to give him the job. Marbury sued, and
the case went to the Supreme Court.
The case was called
MARBURY v MADISON

10. The Supreme Court said
that Marbury did deserve to
get his commission (job),
but that Marbury should
have taken his case to a
lower court, instead of the
Supreme Court, at the
beginning.
Chief Justice Marshall said
the Judiciary Act of 1789
which gave Marbury the
right to take his case to the
Supreme Court first was
unconstitutional.
SUPREME COURT
Lower Courts

11. Chief Justice John Marshall said, “It is
emphatically the province and duty of the
Judicial Department [the judicial branch] to
say what the law is.”
This established the principle of Judicial
Review which said the Supreme Court could
determine whether a law violated the
Constitution or not. If it did, then that law
could no be put into effect.
Marbury did not get his job, but the Supreme
Court became supreme.
http://www.texasbar.com/civics/cases/marbury-v-madison.html
(save for later)

12. The Louisiana Purchase
In 1800, when Americans talked about the “West” they
meant the area between the Appalachian Mountains and the
Mississippi River. The Mississippi River had economic
importance because farmers and merchants could use it to
move their products down the river to the port of New
Orleans, but France controlled it.

13. President Jefferson offered to buy New Orleans
from France, but Emperor Napoleon offered to sell
830,000 square miles for $15 million. So in 1803,
Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory and
doubled the size of the United States.

14. The land purchased
contained all of present-
day Arkansas, Missouri,
Iowa, Oklahoma,
Kansas, Nebraska, parts
of Minnesota, most of
North Dakota, nearly all
of South Dakota,
northeastern New
Mexico, portions of
Montana, Wyoming, and
Colorado ,and Louisiana
west of the Mississippi
River.

15. In 1804, Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and
William Clark to explore the newly acquired
territory along with their guide Sacagawea and her
French husband.
http://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/fa
moushistoricalfigures/lewisandclark/

16. Jefferson’s Foreign (external) Issues
France and England continued to be at war in
1805, and the British began to block American
ships that might take supplies to France. Some
British ship captains began impressments, or
kidnapping, of American sailors to work on
British ships.

17. Rather than declare war, Congress passed the
Embargo Act of 1807. Now American ships were no
longer allowed to sail to foreign ports and British and
French ships were not allowed to sail to American ports.
Jefferson’s policy was a disaster because it hurt the
U.S. more then the British or French. American farmers
and merchants lost markets for their products, shippers
lost income.

18. Apart from his political importance, Jefferson
had many talents. He was an
Architect

19. Monticello “Little Mountain”
University of Virginia
He designed both of
these buildings.

20. He designed
his bed to fit
in the wall so
as not to take
up space.

21. He was an
Inventor

22. Rotating bookstand

23. Dumb waiter

24. Polygraph

25. He was an
Intellectual

26. Jefferson said, “ I cannot live without books.”
He had an extensive library which he donated to
the U.S. Government. His library began what is
now the….

27. Library of Congress in Washington D.C.

28. He was an
Author

29. We hold these
truths to be self-
evident, that all
men are created
equal, that they
are endowed by
their Creator with
certain
unalienable
Rights, that
among these are
Life, Liberty and
the pursuit of
Happiness.
Declaration of Independence

30. The Jefferson
Memorial in
Washington, D.C.

32. Scandal
Thomas Jefferson’s wife
died ten years after they
married. It was rumored
that he had an ongoing
affair with one of his
slaves, Sally Hemings and
fathered her six children.
Inconclusive proof of this
was found in a 1998 DNA
analysis of his descendants
and her descendants. Some
historians believe it was a
nephew that may have
fathered her children. We
may never know…

33. Jeffersonand Adams both died on July 4, 1826 the 50th
anniversaryof the signingof the Declarationof
Independence.
On his death bed onIndependence Day, 1826 John
Adams uttered his last words. They were "Thomas
Jefferson survives." ButJefferson had passed away
seven hours earlier.

34. HERE WAS BURIED
THOMAS JEFFERSON
AUTHOR OF THE
DECLARATION
OF AMERICAN
INDEPENDENCE
OF THE
STATUTE OF VIRGINIA
FOR
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
AND FATHER OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
BORN APRIL 13. 1743. O.S.
DIED JULY 4. 1826
What was left off of his
epitaph?
http://www.brainpop.
com/socialstudies/fa
moushistoricalfigures
/thomasjefferson/