This document provides an introduction to a tutorial presentation about reimagining bibliographic resource description using FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) modeling. It discusses the increasing complexity facing cultural heritage institutions in describing various resource types and relationships. The presentation will explore modeling resources and relationships using FRBR entities and properties, and examine how good descriptive theories can be both practical and flexible enough to address complexity. It suggests taking a multidisciplinary approach, drawing from fields like cataloging theory and the history of science.
Designing Digital Products? "Ask" Your UsersRonald Murray
Cultural Heritage institutions regularly find themselves balancing the quality of deliverable digital image content against curatorial estimations of what users need to see as well as IT-managerial concerns like storage, delivered file size, network loads, etc.
Amidst all of these considerations, the parties involved are rarely informed by studies of actual user preferences for online-viewable or hardcopy digital content. Well-established methods for discovering revealed preferences are in active use in the consumer research realm, and can be readily adapted to serve Cultural Heritage.
This slideshow demonstrates how one method, conjoint modeling, can be used to inform a standard for scanning microfilmed newspapers.
A presentation on historical development of digital libraries by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Karnataka, India.
The library and the network: scale, engagement, innovationlisld
Presented at Georgetown University Library. Discusses ongoing reconfiguration of libraries by networks. A shift from infrastructure to engagement around developing research and learning needs. Also includes some analysis of Georgetown collections in the context of Worldcat.
A presentation on Institutional Repositories and Open Access Movement by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Tumakuru, Karnataka, India.
Designing Digital Products? "Ask" Your UsersRonald Murray
Cultural Heritage institutions regularly find themselves balancing the quality of deliverable digital image content against curatorial estimations of what users need to see as well as IT-managerial concerns like storage, delivered file size, network loads, etc.
Amidst all of these considerations, the parties involved are rarely informed by studies of actual user preferences for online-viewable or hardcopy digital content. Well-established methods for discovering revealed preferences are in active use in the consumer research realm, and can be readily adapted to serve Cultural Heritage.
This slideshow demonstrates how one method, conjoint modeling, can be used to inform a standard for scanning microfilmed newspapers.
A presentation on historical development of digital libraries by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Karnataka, India.
The library and the network: scale, engagement, innovationlisld
Presented at Georgetown University Library. Discusses ongoing reconfiguration of libraries by networks. A shift from infrastructure to engagement around developing research and learning needs. Also includes some analysis of Georgetown collections in the context of Worldcat.
A presentation on Institutional Repositories and Open Access Movement by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Tumakuru, Karnataka, India.
OCLC Research @ U of Calgary: New directions for metadata workflows across li...OCLC Research
Presentation used as scene setting for 2 days worth of discussion around library, archive & museum convergence, metadata workflows and single search at the University of Calgary.
Undue Diligence: Seeking Low-risk Strategies for Making Collections of Unpubl...OCLC Research
Slides from the 11 March 2010 OCLC Research meeting, Undue Diligence: Seeking Low-risk Strategies for Making Collections of Unpublished Materials More Accessible.
The identity of the library is closely bound with its collections. In a print world, this made sense, as the central role of the library was to place materials close to the user and arrange them for effective use.
However, in a network environment this is no longer the case. Lorcan Dempsey, Vice President, Membership and Research, and Chief Strategist at the Online Computer Library Center, will discuss the following three trends that are changing the character of library collections:
The facilitated collection, where the library connects users to resources of interest to their research and learning needs, whether or not they are assembled locally.
The collective collection, where libraries begin to think about moving to shared environments to manage their collections and assuming collective responsibility for stewardship of the scholarly record.
The inside-out collection, where libraries work with other campus partners to support the creation, management and disclosure of institutional materials—research data, special collections, and so on. Here the library supports the creative enterprise of scholarship directly. Together, these trends are changing how we think about collections, libraries, and services to their users.
Together, these trends are changing how we think about collections, libraries, and services to their users.
The Thomas Lecture Series honors the outstanding work that Shirley K. Baker, former Vice Chancellor for Scholarly Resources & Dean of University Libraries, led in the areas of networked information and resource sharing.
A presentation on select digital library initiatives in India by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Karnataka, India.
Organizations focus on infrastructure, engagement and innovation. Libraries have emphasised infrastructure (collections, buildings to house those collections, systems, ...). In recent years they have been switching attention into engagement - better integration with their users' workflow, more direct support for research and learning, ...
This is a presentation from the OCLC EMEARC Regional Council meeting, February 2012.
The Library in the Life of the User: Two Collection Directionslisld
Our understanding of library collections is changing in a digital, network environment. This presentation focuses on two trends in this context. First, the inside-out library is a trend which sees libraries support the creation, management and discoverability of institutional materials: research data, expertise, preprints, and so on. Second, the facilitated collection is a trend which sees libraries increasingly organize resources around user interests, whether these resources are external, collaborative or locally acquired.
This presentation was given at 'The transformation of academic library collecting: a symposium inspired by Dan C. Hazen'. Harvard Library, 20/21 Oct. 2016
An update to the art library community about OCLC Research activities, including:
Streamlining the Sharing of Special Collections
Undue Diligence
Cloud Library
Museum Data Exchange
Enterprise content management and digital librarieskgerber
Presentation at the March 2012 Library Technology Conference at Macalester College. Compares and contrasts how libraries and businesses manage and share their digital information and assets. It explores the current conversation in two private liberal arts institutions, Bethel University and Macalester College and how they are approaching the conversation around managing digital assets on their campus.
This presentation was given at Bobcatsss2013 in Ankara.
Once the library assembled a collection and people came to the library to use it. Now, people build communication, workflows and behaviors around a variety of network resources. The library needs to think about how it is visible and relevant in those workflows and behaviors.
INNOVATION AND RESEARCH (Digital Library Information Access)Libcorpio
Innovation and research, Digital Library Information Access, LIS Education, Library and Information Science, LIS Studies, Information Management, Education and Learning, Library science, Information science, Digital Libraries, Research on Digital Libraries, DL, Innovation in libraries and publishing, Areas of Research for DL, Information Discovery, Collection Management and Preservation, Interoperability, Economic, Social and Legal Issues, Core Topics In Digital Libraries, DL Research Around The World
Collection directions - towards collective collectionslisld
How the emergence of new research and learning workflows in digital environments is affecting library collecting and collections. Several trends are reviewed. In the light of diversifying competing requirements, the need to manage down print and develop shared print responses is discussed.
Presentation to OCLC Asia Pacific Regional Council meeting. 13 Oct. 2014.
FRBR Exemplars: Exploration of Networks of Bibliographic DescriptionsRonald Murray
A presentation of an ongoing "re-visioning" of traditional Cultural Heritage cataloging theory in terms of significant ideas from Physics, Anthropology, and Mathematics.
The lure of hierarchies for biological classification & cataloging is discussed, and the follow-on structure in Biology is introduced. Overlapping tree-like structures (e.g. subject headings) are better appreciated from a network perspective.
Many biologists are now consider hierarchies as non-reticulated networks.
++++
This presentation revisits the benefits of borrowing ideas from the sciences in order to improve the ability to discuss simple and complex arrangements of resources and their descriptions. Also discussed is the development and use of a FRBR paper tool for depicting and reasoning about complex resource description scenarios.
What lies ahead for Cultural Heritage institutions whose roles are challenged by significant changes in modes of resource discovery and access?
• Slides# 2, 4
What is “complicated” and what is “practical” in a resource description context? Resource description theories and the Cultural Heritage professions that create them.
• Slides# 5-8
Marking territory: Exerting Control over the Shape of Scientific Knowledge i...Stephanie Steinhardt
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Society for the Social Studies of Science (4S) in Cleveland, OH. November 2, 2011 during the Panel on Using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs).
OCLC Research @ U of Calgary: New directions for metadata workflows across li...OCLC Research
Presentation used as scene setting for 2 days worth of discussion around library, archive & museum convergence, metadata workflows and single search at the University of Calgary.
Undue Diligence: Seeking Low-risk Strategies for Making Collections of Unpubl...OCLC Research
Slides from the 11 March 2010 OCLC Research meeting, Undue Diligence: Seeking Low-risk Strategies for Making Collections of Unpublished Materials More Accessible.
The identity of the library is closely bound with its collections. In a print world, this made sense, as the central role of the library was to place materials close to the user and arrange them for effective use.
However, in a network environment this is no longer the case. Lorcan Dempsey, Vice President, Membership and Research, and Chief Strategist at the Online Computer Library Center, will discuss the following three trends that are changing the character of library collections:
The facilitated collection, where the library connects users to resources of interest to their research and learning needs, whether or not they are assembled locally.
The collective collection, where libraries begin to think about moving to shared environments to manage their collections and assuming collective responsibility for stewardship of the scholarly record.
The inside-out collection, where libraries work with other campus partners to support the creation, management and disclosure of institutional materials—research data, special collections, and so on. Here the library supports the creative enterprise of scholarship directly. Together, these trends are changing how we think about collections, libraries, and services to their users.
Together, these trends are changing how we think about collections, libraries, and services to their users.
The Thomas Lecture Series honors the outstanding work that Shirley K. Baker, former Vice Chancellor for Scholarly Resources & Dean of University Libraries, led in the areas of networked information and resource sharing.
A presentation on select digital library initiatives in India by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Karnataka, India.
Organizations focus on infrastructure, engagement and innovation. Libraries have emphasised infrastructure (collections, buildings to house those collections, systems, ...). In recent years they have been switching attention into engagement - better integration with their users' workflow, more direct support for research and learning, ...
This is a presentation from the OCLC EMEARC Regional Council meeting, February 2012.
The Library in the Life of the User: Two Collection Directionslisld
Our understanding of library collections is changing in a digital, network environment. This presentation focuses on two trends in this context. First, the inside-out library is a trend which sees libraries support the creation, management and discoverability of institutional materials: research data, expertise, preprints, and so on. Second, the facilitated collection is a trend which sees libraries increasingly organize resources around user interests, whether these resources are external, collaborative or locally acquired.
This presentation was given at 'The transformation of academic library collecting: a symposium inspired by Dan C. Hazen'. Harvard Library, 20/21 Oct. 2016
An update to the art library community about OCLC Research activities, including:
Streamlining the Sharing of Special Collections
Undue Diligence
Cloud Library
Museum Data Exchange
Enterprise content management and digital librarieskgerber
Presentation at the March 2012 Library Technology Conference at Macalester College. Compares and contrasts how libraries and businesses manage and share their digital information and assets. It explores the current conversation in two private liberal arts institutions, Bethel University and Macalester College and how they are approaching the conversation around managing digital assets on their campus.
This presentation was given at Bobcatsss2013 in Ankara.
Once the library assembled a collection and people came to the library to use it. Now, people build communication, workflows and behaviors around a variety of network resources. The library needs to think about how it is visible and relevant in those workflows and behaviors.
INNOVATION AND RESEARCH (Digital Library Information Access)Libcorpio
Innovation and research, Digital Library Information Access, LIS Education, Library and Information Science, LIS Studies, Information Management, Education and Learning, Library science, Information science, Digital Libraries, Research on Digital Libraries, DL, Innovation in libraries and publishing, Areas of Research for DL, Information Discovery, Collection Management and Preservation, Interoperability, Economic, Social and Legal Issues, Core Topics In Digital Libraries, DL Research Around The World
Collection directions - towards collective collectionslisld
How the emergence of new research and learning workflows in digital environments is affecting library collecting and collections. Several trends are reviewed. In the light of diversifying competing requirements, the need to manage down print and develop shared print responses is discussed.
Presentation to OCLC Asia Pacific Regional Council meeting. 13 Oct. 2014.
FRBR Exemplars: Exploration of Networks of Bibliographic DescriptionsRonald Murray
A presentation of an ongoing "re-visioning" of traditional Cultural Heritage cataloging theory in terms of significant ideas from Physics, Anthropology, and Mathematics.
The lure of hierarchies for biological classification & cataloging is discussed, and the follow-on structure in Biology is introduced. Overlapping tree-like structures (e.g. subject headings) are better appreciated from a network perspective.
Many biologists are now consider hierarchies as non-reticulated networks.
++++
This presentation revisits the benefits of borrowing ideas from the sciences in order to improve the ability to discuss simple and complex arrangements of resources and their descriptions. Also discussed is the development and use of a FRBR paper tool for depicting and reasoning about complex resource description scenarios.
What lies ahead for Cultural Heritage institutions whose roles are challenged by significant changes in modes of resource discovery and access?
• Slides# 2, 4
What is “complicated” and what is “practical” in a resource description context? Resource description theories and the Cultural Heritage professions that create them.
• Slides# 5-8
Marking territory: Exerting Control over the Shape of Scientific Knowledge i...Stephanie Steinhardt
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Society for the Social Studies of Science (4S) in Cleveland, OH. November 2, 2011 during the Panel on Using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs).
A technology architecture for managing explicit knowledge over the entire lif...William Hall
This slide set summarizes my work at Tenix Defence from around 1992 through 2002 to manage the authoring and delivery of maintenance documentation and engineering technical data to support life-cycle management of the 10 ANZAC frigates Tenix built for the Australian and New Zealand Navies and more than 300 M113 light-armored vehicles rebuilt as-new for the Australian Army. Today (in 2013) this is still a state-of-the-art application of the content management technology. So far as I know, the full benefit of this technology (as described in this 2002 presentation) has not yet been realized anywhere in the world.
Arguably, implementation of this technology played a major role in the successful completion of the ANZAC Ship Project 17 years after its stringently fixed-price contract was negotiated in 1989. Finished on-time, on budget, with every ship delivered on-time to happy customers and a healthy corporate profit. Unfortunately, Tenix Defence management failed to understand how this system worked, and chose to implement new, supposedly less expensive technology they thought they understood for their next major project. As a consequence of this choice and the failure to transfer human knowledge developed in the ANZAC Project the company’s performance on their next large project (but still less than 10% the size of the ANZAC Project) was so bad that Tenix Defence was closed and its assets sold to the highest bidder. See Hall, W.P., Nousala, S., Kilpatrick B. 2009. One company – two outcomes: knowledge integration vs corporate disintegration in the absence of knowledge management. VINE: The journal of information and knowledge management systems 39(3), 242-258 - http://tinyurl.com/yzgjew4; and Hall, W.P., Richards, G., Sarelius, C., Kilpatrick, B. 2008. Organisational management of project and technical knowledge over fleet lifecycles. Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 5(2):81-95 - http://tinyurl.com/5d2lz7.
Do Intelligent Machines, Natural or Artificial, Really Need Emotions?Aaron Sloman
(Updated on 14 Jan 2014 -- with substantial revisions.)
Many people believe that emotions are required for intelligence. I argue that this is mostly based on (a) wishful thinking and (b) a failure adequately to analyse the variety of types of affective states and processes that can arise in different sorts of architectures produced by biological evolution or required for artificial systems. This work is a development of ideas presented by Herbert Simon in the 1960s in his 'Motivational and emotional controls of cognition'.
Academia has a mixed reaction to collaborative work. On the one hand, it is a practice widely used by academics; on the other hand students are warned against the evils of plagiarism. This paper will look at these seemingly paradoxical attitudes and ask how, if at all, student learning can be both collaboratively generated yet individually original, and also how the products of a collaboratively generated student submission could be formally assessed. I’m going to begin by briefly looking at two different views about the role of the scholar in HE and then considering two different ideas about originality. After that I’m going to look at how collaboration works in the Sciences before highlighting some collaborative practices in the Humanities. I’ll end by asking what type of learning design could support a collaborative approach to learning in the Arts and Humanities and suggesting a couple of promising ones.
Introducing a new way to explore evolution of human knowledge & technologyWilliam Hall
This is the first of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. This first session introduces and outlines the project.
Calhoun future of metadata japanese librarians4Karen S Calhoun
Reports on the future of metadata in academic libraries and national research information infrastructures. A shorter version of this presentation was given at a September 8 post-conference of the OCLC Asia Pacific Regional Conference, Sept. 6-6, 2010, at Waseda University.
Remapping the Global and Local in Knowledge Production: Roles of Open AccessLeslie Chan
It is generally acknowledged that researchers and institutions in the Global South suffer from knowledge isolation because of poor infrastructure and lack of access to key resources, including the current literature. The remedy is therefore capacity building and the transfer of not only knowledge, but also the institutional framework of knowledge creation from the North to the South. In this context, Open Access to the scholarly literature is seen as a means of bridging the global knowledge gap.
In this presentation, I argue that a key contributor to the continual knowledge divide and the invisibility of knowledge from the Global South is the persistence and dominance of Northern frameworks of research evaluation and quality metrics, coupled with outmoded national and international innovation policies based on exclusion and competitiveness. These narrow measures have tended to skew international research agenda and undermine locally relevant research.
A great opportunity that Open Access provides is the means to develop alternative metrics of research uptake and impact that are more inclusive of knowledge from the South, particularly those with development outcomes. In particular, it is important to re-conceptualize and re-design the metrics of research impact to reflect new scholarly practices and the diverse means of engagement enabled by OA and the new wave of social media tools. At the same time, appropriate policies need to be developed to reward open scholarship and to encourage research sharing — issues of particular importance for ending knowledge isolation. Examples of the new kinds of “invisible college” enabled by networking tools and OA will be presented, and particular attention will be paid to innovations emanating from the periphery.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!
FRBR, Physics, And The World Wide Web
1. Re-Imagining
The Bibliographic Universe:
FRBR, Physics & The World Wide Web
Ronald J. Murray
In Collaboration with
Barbara B. Tillett
Library of Congress
Washington DC
2. Introduction
A Tutorial/Talk
There are two types of slides in this file:
• The slides usually shown during a presentation
• Slides that provide background or additional information.
These are designated by a blue band at the top of the slide
The “Flip Book” Display Style – Flipping through this PDF file
using your PDF viewer’s “Single Page” view option will
reproduce the sequential build-up of some of the more interesting
and informative slides. Slides where the build-up is complete are
candidates for printout or copying for use elsewhere
3. Introduction
A Tutorial/Talk
• Zero – Introduction
• One – Resources & Resource Description
• Two – Imagery in Scientific, Artistic, and Creative Thought
• Three – Modeling the Bibliographic Universe with FRBR
• Four – Paper Tools & FRBR’s Future
• Five – The World Wide Web, The Semantic Web and
A Trading Zone
• Six – Conclusions
• For the Curious: The “Red Pill” Talk
4. Interesting Times Lie Ahead For
Cultural Heritage Institutions
• There have been tremendous increases in types, qualities,
and quantities of resources bidding for custodianship by and
access through Cultural Heritage institutions
• The scope and flexibility of existing bibliographic resource
description and resource management systems is being
challenged
• Significant changes in modes of user discovery and access
are being demanded by patrons
• There is a continued emergence of effective and popular
complementary/alternative/competitive resource discovery
and access systems
5. Interesting Times Lie Ahead For
Cultural Heritage Institutions
• In the Cultural Heritage community, efforts to update and/or
rethink traditional resource description (cataloging,
archival, museum) theories are underway
• Coexistence, collaboration, and/or competition in this new
information description, discovery, and access environment
all require a clearer understanding of the ideas underlying
(Cultural Heritage) resource description.
• These ideas inform Cultural Heritage and other varieties of
resource description practice, and they guide theory
formation, education/training, and information system
design
6. Ideas to Explore During
Interesting Times
• Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)
- a resource description theory
• FRBR theory focuses on describing - and reasoning about -
bibliographic resources and relationships
• FRBR theory formation involved a technique not
previously used for cataloging theory
• The visual imagery generated by FRBR theory – when
shaped into a “Paper Tool” – can be employed to better
represent and reason about simple and complex bibliographic
relationships
• The Paper Tool approach can also be adopted by parties
who prefer (or choose to combine) other Cultural Heritage
resource description schemes
7. Figuring Things Out: What is Complicated
and What is Practical?
• About Theory Complexity - The history of science recounts
how physicists and other scientists were obliged to develop
theories that reflected the complex nature of physical
phenomena. They were by definition not more
“complicated” than required
8. Figuring Things Out: What is Complicated
and What is Practical?
• About Theory Complexity - The history of science recounts
how physicists and other scientists were obliged to develop
theories that reflected the complex nature of physical
phenomena. They were by definition not more
“complicated” than required
“It can scarcely be denied that the supreme goal of all
theory is to make the irreducible basic elements as simple
and as few as possible without having to surrender the
adequate representation of a single datum of
experience.” (A. Einstein)
9. Figuring Things Out: What is Complicated
and What is Practical?
• About Theory Complexity - The history of science recounts
how physicists and other scientists were obliged to develop
theories that reflected the complex nature of physical
phenomena. They were by definition not more
“complicated” than required
“It can scarcely be denied that the supreme goal of all
theory is to make the irreducible basic elements as simple
and as few as possible without having to surrender the
adequate representation of a single datum of
experience.” (A. Einstein)
➡ That is: A theory should be as simple as possible - but not
simpler!
Einstein, Albert. “On the Method of Theoretical Physics.” Philosophy of Science, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Apr., 1934), Chicago: The University of Chicago Press
on behalf of the Philosophy of Science Association. p. 163-169.
10. What is Complicated and
What is Practical?
• We assert that descriptions of Cultural Heritage creative
expressions tend to fall into the category of “not simpler”
• Society has found these creative expressions sufficiently
complex in structure, rich in meaning, and influential in
the production of other creative expressions to warrant
their collection, preservation, and presentation
• Descriptions of these resources should therefore be as
elaborate as required in order to capture “relevant”
attributes and relationships of those resources
• They should also coexist with resource descriptions that
are deemed socially relevant - but are not created or
managed by Cultural Heritage institutions
11. What is Complicated and
What is Practical?
The Practicality of Theory - Analog and digital media (and
the physical facilities that host them) are based on theoretical
and applied knowledge from a wide range of professions.
“There are increasing symptoms that leading
practitioners in government, in agriculture, in industry, in
education, in community life are becoming aware of the
fact that a scientific level of understanding is needed, that
the statement ‘nothing is as practical as a good theory’
holds also in the field of social management.”
12. What is Complicated and
What is Practical?
The Practicality of Theory - Analog and digital media (and
the physical facilities that host them) are based on theoretical
and applied knowledge from a wide range of professions.
“There are increasing symptoms that leading
practitioners in government, in agriculture, in industry, in
education, in community life are becoming aware of the
fact that a scientific level of understanding is needed, that
the statement ‘nothing is as practical as a good theory’
holds also in the field of social management.”
(Kurt Lewin)
13. What is Complicated and
What is Practical?
• The Practicality of Theory - World Wide Web researchers
have come to appreciate Kurt Lewin’s assertion: “nothing is
as practical as a good theory:”
The Web is an engineered space created through formally
specified languages and protocols. However, because
humans are the creators of Web pages and links between
them, their interactions form emergent patterns in the
Web at a macroscopic scale.
These human interactions are, in turn, governed by social
conventions and laws. Web science, therefore, must be
inherently interdisciplinary; its goal is to both understand
the growth of the Web and to create approaches that
allow new powerful and more beneficial patterns to occur
(Web Science Research Initiative)
14. What is Complicated and
What is Practical?
World Wide Web researchers have come to appreciate
Lewin’s assertion:
The Web is an engineered space created through formally
specified languages and protocols. However, because
humans are the creators of Web pages and links between
them, their interactions form emergent patterns in the
Web at a macroscopic scale.
These human interactions are, in turn, governed by social
conventions and laws. Web science, therefore, must be
inherently interdisciplinary; its goal is to both understand
the growth of the Web and to create approaches that
allow new powerful and more beneficial patterns to occur
(Web Science Research Initiative)
15. What is Complicated and
What is Practical?
• Many creative expressions are not so dense in construction
and seriously intended - and deserve descriptions
appropriate to their status. So as a general principle:
• A Cultural Heritage resource description theory must be
flexible enough to encompass the full range of expressive
phenomena that have appeared so far – and be prepared
for theory extension, modification, and reformulation
• Practicality & Complexity - Creation and analysis of
Cultural Heritage resource description theories and
practices warrant a multidisciplinary perspective
16. Where This Is Going:
Seeing FRBR Theory Work
Work Description
Author: Lee, T. B.
Subject: Cataloging -- Philosophy
Expression Description
Content type: Spoken Word
Manifestation Description
Title: Cataloguing has a future
Carrier type: Audiodisc
Item Description
Provenance: Donated by the author Resource
Descriptions
Catalog Card
17. Where This Is Going:
Seeing FRBR Theory Work
Work Description
Author: Lee, T. B.
Subject: Cataloging -- Philosophy
Expression Description
Content type: Spoken Word
Manifestation Description
Title: Cataloguing has a future
Carrier type: Audiodisc
Item Description
Provenance: Donated by the author FRBR
Entities
Catalog Card
18. Where This Is Going:
Seeing FRBR Theory Work
Work Description
Author: Lee, T. B.
W
Subject: Cataloging -- Philosophy
E
Expression Description
Content type: Spoken Word M
I
Manifestation Description
Title: Cataloguing has a future
Carrier type: Audiodisc
Item Description
Provenance: Donated by the author
Resource
Catalog Card
19. Where This Is Going:
Seeing FRBR Theory Work
Work Description
Author: Lee, T. B.
W
Subject: Cataloging -- Philosophy
E
Expression Description
Content type: Spoken Word M
I
Manifestation Description
Title: Cataloguing has a future
Carrier type: Audiodisc
Item Description
Provenance: Donated by the author
Catalog Card
20. Where This is Going:
Pi!i Long"ocking
• Imagine: How to make sense of:
–27 Physical resources (Book, Motion Picture,
Audiobook)
–99 Resource description groups (FRBR Work, etc.)
–76 Relationships between resource description
groups
–Abbreviations for (100+) other known physical
resources and resource description Sets
21. Where This is Going:
Pi!i Long"ocking
"Pippi
Longstocking"
Composed In Part Of
Composed In Part Of
tru m
gs o
p
m
ån ken
iL o
pp - B
Copy Of
Pi W
A
Copy Of
Composed In Part Of
Copy Of
Composed In Part Of
1 - Pippi 2 - Pippi Långstrump 3 - Pippi Långstrump
Långstrump Går Ombord i Söderhavet
Composed In Part Of
Composed In Part Of Realized In Realized In
Realized In Composed In Part Of Realized In Part By Part By Part By
Part By
Realized In
Composed In Part Of Pippi Swedish Norwegian
Part By
Långstrump It's Fine Swedish
Motion
Swedish Audiobook 1945 to Be Nine
Picture Excerpted From Realized In
Part By
Composed In
Exemplified In (... Other Languges?)
Part Of Embodied In Ed. 1 ...
Exemplified In
Composed In
Part Of Part By
Part By Embodied In Ed. 1
Exemplified In ... Part By
... Part By
Exemplified In ... Realized In Realized In Composed In Part Of
Part By Part By Realized In Part By Part By Excerpted From Pippi
Part By Realized In
Excerpt 1 Embodied In Part By
Realized In Swedish Norwegian English (... 11) Part By
Realized In
Part By German Embodied In
Based On Exemplified By Part By
Part By
German Book of Realized In Exemplified By
Part By
Realized In Movie
Realized In Part By Great Girl
Part By
Exemplified In ... Stories Embodied In
Embodied In Ed. 1 Part By Part By Exemplified In ...
Part By Ed. 2 Part By
Exemplified In
Exemplified In ... Part By
... Exemplified In
Part By Exemplified In Embodied In
Composed In
Part By ...
Part By
... Realized In
Part By
Part Of
Embodied In Part By Composed In Realized In
Part By Ed. 1 Part Of Part By
Composed In Part Of
German Embodied In
Part By Pippi Dutch
Exemplified By (... Ed. ?)
Norwegian Excerpt 2
Realized In (... 15) Exemplified By
Based on Part By Embodied In
Embodied In Part By
Part By Exemplified In Exemplified By
Ed. 2 ... Exemplified In
Exemplified In
Part By ...
Part By
... Exemplified In
Part By
Exemplified In ... Part By
...
Part By
Based on
Reproduced As
Dutch Exemplified In ...
(... Ed.?)
Part By English
(... Ed. 14) Realized In
English Exemplified By Part By
Exemplified In
Republication
... Exemplified In
Exemplified In
Part By ...
Part By
... Part By
Exemplified In ...
Part By
(... 15+ languages) (... 25+ languages)
(... Ed. 16+) (... 47+ languages) Exemplified By
Exemplified In ...
Part By
22. Where This Comes From:
Multidisciplinarity
• Don’t Panic - We will be introducing and interconnecting
topics from three fields outside of cataloging theory. It will be
Speaking Broadly mind now.
helpful to bring these fields and topics to
Several fields are brought together in this
• Cataloging Theory (just in case...) - The systematic
presentation in a way that may be unfamiliar
description of culturally significant resources, following
to many. To keep everyone on the right
rules track, basic ideas fortacit cultural understandings)
and guidelines (and each area may be
defined and/or interpreted presentation. responsible
reviewed during the by one or more
parties.
A pop-up like this will appear to let you
• History of Science - Theare being combined or to
know when fields role of mental (in this case, visual)
imagery in Classical and Quantum Physical theory
supply relevant commentary.
formation. The dispersion of Feynman diagrams in Postwar
Physics. Tool creation and use in laboratory subcultures
23. Where This Comes From:
Multidisciplinarity
• Don’t Panic - We will be introducing and interconnecting
topics from three fields outside of cataloging theory. It will be
helpful to bring these fields and topics to mind now.
• Cataloging Theory (just in case...) - The systematic
description of culturally significant resources, following
rules and guidelines (and tacit cultural understandings)
defined and/or interpreted by one or more responsible
parties.
• History of Science - The role of mental (in this case, visual)
imagery in Classical and Quantum Physical theory
formation. The dispersion of Feynman diagrams in Postwar
Physics. Tool creation and use in laboratory subcultures
24. Where This Comes From:
Multidisciplinarity
• Don’t Panic - We will be introducing and interconnecting
topics from three fields outside of cataloging theory. It will be
helpful to bring these fields and topics to mind now.
• Cataloging Theory (just in case...) - The systematic
description of culturally significant resources, following
rules and guidelines (and tacit cultural understandings)
defined and/or interpreted by one or more responsible
parties.
• History of Science - The role of mental (in this case, visual)
imagery in Classical and Quantum Physical theory
formation. The dispersion of Feynman diagrams in Postwar
Physics. Tool creation and use in laboratory subcultures
25. Where This Comes From:
Multidisciplinarity
• Don’t Panic - More introduction and interconnection
• Conceptual Data Modeling - The description of a portion
of an enterprise in terms of the fundamental things of
interest to it. They are fundamental in that most things
seen by business owners are examples of these.
• Ethnomathematics - The study of the mathematical
practices of specific cultural groups in the course of
dealing with their environmental problems and activities.
26. Where This Is Going: Conclusions
• Cataloging Theory - FRBR resource descriptions reflect the
complexity of Cultural Heritage resources – as perceived by
the describing (cataloging, etc.) parties. Full appreciation of
FRBR’s necessary complexity benefits from perspectives
supplied by other fields of study.
• History of Science - Visual imagery – generated by a Cultural
Heritage resource description theory – can be employed
effectively to represent and explore very complex
bibliographic entities.
27. Where This Is Going: Conclusions
• Conceptual Data Modeling - Information system design
techniques can successfully identify things and relationships
of interest to a Cultural Heritage institution. These techniques
can support the formation of resource description theories
• Ethnomathematics - Mathematical ideas resident in the
Cultural Heritage “subculture” can be identified by
examining cataloging products and end-user resource
discovery activities
28. Where This Is Going: Conclusions
It is wrong to think that the task of
physics is to find out how Nature is.
Physics concerns what we can say
about Nature.
Neils Bohr, Quoted in Pagels, Heinz R. The Cosmic Code: Quantum Physics as the Language of Nature. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1982
29. Why: An Evolving Challenge
• In the thirty years since the creation of the World Wide
Web, the institutions that comprise the Cultural Heritage
community (archives, libraries, and museums) have seen
their more traditional approaches to selecting, describing,
and presenting culturally relevant resources to the public
increasingly challenged by that distributed global
information system
30. Why: An Evolving Challenge
• This technology had a single point of origin
• The High-Energy Physics community.
• Design considerations of a Physics-trained(!)
programmer working in a distributed, collaborative,
scientific research environment
• He extended the then well-known concept of Hypertext
to networked computer systems
31. Response to the Challenge:
Role Reaffirmation
• Creating a WWW Presence - Bibliographic data
reformatting and sharing; delivery system redesign
• Cataloging theory extension/reformulation - internationally
coordinated re-conceptualization of bibliographic entities,
relationships, and business rules: One example is FRBR
• Tillett (1987) FRBR concepts introduced with a focus on
bibliographic relationships,and use of Entity-
Relationship (E-R) data modeling technique.
• IFLA (1998) Study group shifts FRBR focus from
bibliographic relationships to records
• Smiraglia (2001) investigates the structure of the FRBR
Work entity
33. One
Why Know About This?
Resources &
Libraries and other Cultural Heritage institutions have
been collecting and describing resources for a long time
Resource Descriptions
Other parties are playing increasingly significant
resource collection and description roles. We need to be
able to discuss resource description processes and
products in a less “culture-bound” fashion
34. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
35. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
• Library
“Traditionally, collection of books
used for reading or study, or the
building or room in which such a
collection is kept.” (Britannica Online)
36. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
• Library
“From their historical beginnings
as places to keep the business,
legal, historical, and religious
records of a civilization, libraries
have emerged since the middle of
the 20th century as a far-reaching
body of information resources
and services that do not even
require a building.” (Britannica Online)
37. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
38. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
39. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
40. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
41. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
• Resource |ˈrēˌsôrs; ˈrēˈzôrs; riˈsôrs; riˈzôrs|
noun
(Usu. resources) a stock or supply
of money, materials, staff, and
other assets that can be drawn on
by a person or organization in
order to function effectively: local
authorities complained that they
lacked resources. (OED Online)
42. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
43. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
• Resource Description
The action of setting forth in
words or numbers by mentioning
or measuring recognizable
features or characteristic marks of
a resource; verbal representation
or portraiture of a resource.
A statement which describes, sets
forth, or portrays a resource; a
graphic or detailed account of a
person, thing, scene, etc. that is
treated as a resource. (Adapted from OED Online)
44. What Is A Resource?
What Is A Resource Description?
• Presentation of Resource
Descriptions
The way resource descriptions are
presented supports and limits our
thinking about resource
descriptions in general,
FRBR’s first goal is to identify the
“things of interest” that underlie
Cultural Heritage resource
descriptions.
45. A Modern Bibliographic Resource
Description Theory
• What’s Your Theory?
Cultural Heritage institutions can be characterized by the
things ofA systematic set of rules or principles
interest to them, by relationships between those
things, and by the business rules that specify how these things
regarding the creation and use of resource
interact with one another.
descriptions by Cultural Heritage
Institutions are the resources acquired, described
• Of particular interest
and preserved by those institutions
46. A Modern Bibliographic Resource
Description Theory
• Cultural Heritage institutions can be characterized by the
things of interest to them, by relationships between those
things, and by the business rules that specify how these things
interact with one another.
• Of particular interest are the resources acquired, described
and preserved by those institutions
47. A Modern Bibliographic Resource
Description Theory
• Resource descriptions in a Cultural Heritage institution are
derived from examinations/analyses of the resources selected
for collection by the institution.
• A party tasked with Cultural Heritage resource description
will follow formal and/or informal rules that require the
describing party to consider aspects of the resource from one
or more points of view
48. A Modern Bibliographic Resource
Description Theory
• After examining a resource, a describing party (e.g. a
cataloger) creates or copies specified attribute and
relationship information and makes it available to an
information system
• The describing party may also supply optional descriptions
and establish relationships determined to be useful by the
institution or its user population
49. A Modern Bibliographic Resource
Description Theory: FRBR
• FRBR specifies how a resource is described from up to four
points of view – labeled Work, Expression, Manifestation,
and Item – that may be invoked by a party in the course of
Speaking Broadly
describing a resource
Resource descriptions represent one or more points of view on
• Each FRBR pointview(s) may or may notpart explicitly
a resource. Point of of view is specified in be by business
stated. FRBR definespractices, and finds representation in a
rules and informal four points of view on a resource.
group of resource attributes that are complementary to the
other FRBR points of view
Resource description theories may or may not be generalizable
• Each point points ofmay also include relationships specific
beyond their of view origin
to that point of view. We can speak of a Work-level
resource description and its prescribed relationships to other
Work- or other FRBR level descriptions
50. A Modern Bibliographic Resource
Description Theory: FRBR
• FRBR specifies how a resource is described from up to four
points of view – labeled Work, Expression, Manifestation,
and Item – that may be invoked by a party in the course of
describing a resource
• Each FRBR point of view is specified in part by business
rules and informal practices, and finds representation in a
group of resource attributes that are complementary to the
other FRBR points of view
• Each point of view may also include relationships specific
to that point of view. We can speak of a Work-level
resource description and its prescribed relationships to other
Work- or other FRBR level descriptions
51. A Modern Bibliographic Resource
Description Theory: FRBR
• FRBR specifies how a resource is described from up to four
points of view – labeled Work, Expression, Manifestation,
and Item – that may be invoked by a party in the course of
describing a resource
• Each FRBR point of view is specified in part by business
rules and informal practices, and finds representation in a
group of resource attributes that are complementary to the
other FRBR points of view
• Each point of view may also include relationships specific
to that point of view. We can speak of a Work-level
resource description and its prescribed relationships to other
Work- or other FRBR level descriptions
52. A Modern Bibliographic Resource
Description Theory: FRBR
• Theory formation processes always raise questions of
representativeness and generalizability. FRBR theory was
developed from a review and analysis of cataloging theory
and practice, combined with analyses of a large sample of
cataloging records from a national-level library.
• Representativeness – To what extent is FRBR theory
applicable to resources and resource descriptions that
existed in 1990’s era libraries? 2010-era libraries?
• Generalizability – To what extent can FRBR theory be
generalized to resources that are not in libraries?
• Archives & Museums
• The World Wide Web
53. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
is a
realization of
is realized
Expression
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
54. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
is a
realization of
is realized
Expression
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
55. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
Resource
Descriptions
is a
realization of
is realized
Expression
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
56. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
Resource
Descriptions
is a
realization of
is realized
Expression
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
57. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
Resource
Descriptions
is a
realization of
is realized
Expression
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
58. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
Four Levels of
is a Description
Abstraction
realization of
is realized
Expression
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
59. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
is a
Work
Four Levels of
Description
• Item
realization of
Abstraction The creative result
is realized
through
Expression
described in terms
is an
embodiment of
befitting a concrete
entity - in many cases
Manifestation
is embodied in
a specific physical
is an
exemplification
of
object
Item
is exemplified
by
60. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
Four Levels of
is a Description
Abstraction
realization of
is realized
Expression
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
Resource Directly
Experienced
61. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
is a
Work
Four Levels of
Description
• Manifestation
realization of
Abstraction Descriptive of all the
is realized
through
Expression
physical objects that
is an
embodiment of
bear the same
characteristics, with
Manifestation
is embodied in
respect to both
is an
exemplification
of
intellectual content
Item
and physical form
is exemplified
by
62. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
Four Levels of
is a Description
Abstraction
realization of
is realized
Expression
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
Directly
Experienced
(In Principle)
63. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
is a
Work
Four Levels of
Description
• Expression
realization of
Abstraction The creative result
is realized
through
Expression
described in terms of
is an
embodiment of
a specific intellectual
or artistic form the
Manifestation
is embodied in
Work takes each
is an
exemplification
of
time it is realized
Item
is exemplified
by
Experienced as a
Performance or
Recording
64. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
is a
Work
Four Levels of
Description
• Work
realization of
Abstraction A distinct intellectual
is realized
through
Expression
or artistic creation,
is an
embodiment of
described in terms of
conceptual structure
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
Experienced as a
Performance or
Recording
65. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
Four Levels of
Description
• A standard set of
is a relationships between
Abstraction
realization of
Expression
the four FRBR
is realized
through entities is defined
is an
•
embodiment of
Other relationships
Manifestation
is embodied in
are defined between
is an
exemplification
of
similar and different
Item
entity types
is exemplified
by
66. Functional Requirements For
Bibliographic Records/Relationships
Work
Four Levels of
Description
• Example:
is a Relationships
Abstraction
realization of
Expression
between Works
is realized
through
is an
embodiment of
is embodied in
Manifestation
is an
exemplification
of
Item
is exemplified
by
67.
68. About FRBR and
Entity-Relationship Modeling
• Defining and reasoning about complex FRBR bibliographic
entities benefits from the textual descriptions and images
introduced by the data modeling process
Speaking Broadly
• An Entity-Relationship (E-R) model consists of mathematical
The Entity-Relationship Model
(sets), textual, and diagrammatic information
proposes a theory of representations (Chen)
organization.
• Data model statements are produced and evaluated in a
structured manner
• A diagrammatic technique is also introduced as a tool for
database design
• Diagram layout corresponds to set definition
69. About FRBR and
Entity-Relationship Modeling
• Defining and reasoning about complex FRBR bibliographic
entities benefits from the textual descriptions and images
introduced by the data modeling process
• An Entity-Relationship (E-R) model consists of mathematical
(sets), textual, and diagrammatic representations (Chen)
• Data model statements are produced and evaluated in a
structured manner
• A diagrammatic technique is also introduced as a tool for
database design
• Diagram layout corresponds to set definition
70. FRBR Theory And Implementation
• When E-R modeling is used for FRBR, a set of
attributes (descriptions) that are descriptive of each
FRBR-theoretic point of view is defined as a FRBR
entity
• Traditional and potential bibliographic descriptions are
then redefined (and extended) in the form of FRBR
entities, attributes, relationships and cataloging
(business) rules
• Panizzi’s Work & cross-reference rules: FRBR
entity and relationships
• Card catalog: Entity groups with relationships
implied across cards/records
71. FRBR Theory And Implementation
• Entities, attributes, and relationships derived from
FRBR - and institutionally established business rules -
can inform database system design
• IFLA and OCLC research & development
• Open Source implementation
• Commercial implementation
• Scholarly analysis
72. Seeing Theory at Work: E-R Models
and Paper Tools
• E-R database models are not the only “thinking tools”
needed
• Entity-Relationship models – especially its diagrams – are
Speaking Broadly relationships of
compact specifications of things and
interest. A FRBR E-R model can play a
significant information management
• An FRBR E-R model only a limited theory
role – but is only part of a broader process of
FRBR theory formation (i.e., deciding what the things of
formation role
interest are – and why)
• The IFLA FRBR conceptual model reflects a first
approximation of bibliographic things of interest, pending
testing of both the theory and a conceptual data model
against typical or atypical resource description scenarios
73. Seeing Theory at Work: E-R Models
and Paper Tools
• E-R database models are not the only “thinking tools”
needed
• Entity-Relationship models – especially its diagrams – are
compact specifications of things and relationships of
interest.
• An FRBR E-R model is only part of a broader process of
FRBR theory formation (i.e., deciding what the things of
interest are – and why)
• The IFLA FRBR conceptual model reflects a first
approximation of bibliographic things of interest, pending
testing of both the theory and a conceptual data model
against typical or atypical resource description scenarios
74. Seeing Theory at Work: E-R Models
and Paper Tools
• Database models are not the only “thinking tools”
• E-R database models – and especially its diagrammatic
methods – are not intended to provide detailed views of
specific FRBR resource/resource description configurations
that reflect specific theoretical issues and/or challenge
assumptions
• In particular, exploration of theoretical implications – most
efficiently done diagrammatically – becomes constrained
by E-R modeling theory itself, and by its attendant imagery
• For FRBR, E-R modeling technique alone does not provide
sufficient visualizability – theory-generated imagery – to
support resource description theory formation efforts
75. FRBR, Physics, and Mental Imagery
• Visualizability - (Ger. Anschaulichkeit†) Became a critical
issue during the radical shifts in theory in early/mid 20th
Century atomic physics. Theorists struggled to represent
and reason about visible and invisible things of interest:
• Heavenly bodies
• Atomic & sub-atomic particles
• Werner Heisenberg undertook a philosophical reversal
that eventually permitted the creative use of mental
imagery that played the role of a Paper Tool
• How this came to pass can serve as a guide to improving
our understanding of FRBR and its predecessors
† Miller, Arthur I. Imagery in Scientific Thought: Creating 20th Century Physics. Cambridge MA:The MIT Press. 1987.
77. Two
Why Know About This?
Understanding a Cultural Heritage resource description
requires close attention not just to the structure and
Imagery In Scientific, Artistic
content of that description, but also to the larger
resource/description structures within which
any given description fits
& Creative Thought
Scientific and artistic approaches to representing and
understanding complex phenomena can be instructive in
showing how to appreciate the larger, complex, view
78. Imagery in Scientific Thought
• Finding the Right “Picture” - Historian of science Arthur I.
Miller’s studies of creativity in art and science:
• Imagery in Scientific Thought: Creating 20th Century Physics,
1986
• Insights of Genius: Imagery and Creativity in Science and Art,
2000
• Einstein, Picasso: Space, Time, and the Beauty That Causes
Havoc, 2001
79. Imagery in Scientific Thought
• Finding the Right “Picture” - Historian of science Arthur I.
Miller’s studies of creativity in art and science:
• Imagery in Scientific Thought: Creating 20th Century Physics,
1986
• Insights of Genius: Imagery and Creativity in Science and Art,
2000
• Einstein, Picasso: Space, Time, and the Beauty That Causes
Havoc, 2001
82. Imagery in Scientific Thought:
Finding the Right Picture
• Working with what they could see, imagine, record,
and calculate, astronomers tried to make sense of the
cosmos
83. Imagery in Scientific Thought:
Finding the Right Picture
• Ptolemy (c. 150) - Hypotheseis ton planomenon
(Planetary Hypotheses) Geocentric view of the
cosmos. Eccentrics, epicycles, deferents.
(Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library; NASA)
84. Imagery in Scientific Thought:
Finding the Right Picture
• Copernicus (1543) - Heliocentric view of the cosmos
(Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library; NASA)
85. Imagery in Scientific Thought:
Finding the Right Picture
• Kepler (1609) - Astronomia Nova (New Astronomy)
Heliocentric view of the solar system, elliptical Mars
orbit
(Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library; NASA)
86. Imagery in Scientific Thought:
Finding the Right Picture
• Kepler - Heliocentric view of the solar system,
elliptical orbit dynamism
(Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library; NASA)
87. Imagery in Scientific Thought:
Finding the Right Picture
• The Solar System Today -
(Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library; NASA)
88. Imagery in Scientific Thought:
Finding the Right Picture
• General Relativity (1917) - Space-time warped by
gravity
(Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library; NASA)