The history of early Rome - the mythical foundations starting with Aeneas, includes archaeological history for the foundations of the city.

1. The City of Rome
The Mythical Origins of the Eternal City

2. The Mythical Foundations of Rome
• Foundations of cities are dignified by their antiquity, wherein
mortal and divine affairs are allowed to mingle. If any people are
entitled to consecrate their beginnings and trace them back to
divine founders, these are the Roman people, so great is the glory
of their military achievement that, when they lay claim to Romulus
as city-founder and to his father Mars as parent, all humanity
ought to endure it with the equanimity by which they endure our
imperium.
•- Livy, History of Rome (1.1)

3. The Mythical Foundations of Rome
• 390 BCE - Rome Sacked by the Gauls
• All history is lost
• Aeneas
• Romulus & Remus
• Early Kings of Rome

4. Aeneas: The Peripatetic Trojan

5. Aeneas

6. Aeneas & Dido

7. Aeneas & Italy
• Aeneas settles in Latium
• Marries Lavinia
• Ascanius founds Alba
Longa

8. Rhea Silvia - Romulus & Remus
• Mother of Romulus &
Remus

9. Romulus & Remus
• Twins condemned
• Sent in a basket down
the river Tiber
• Suckled by a “Lupa”
• Raised by a shepherd
and his wife

10. Rome - Founded on Fratricide

11. The Rape of the Sabine Women
• Rapio - The take or to
Seize
• Original occupants of
Rome - runaway slaves,
convicts, ne’er-do-wells

12. The Early City: Pre-Urban
Rome

13. The Early City: Pre-Urban Rome
• Traditional Date: 753
BCE
• Archaeological evidence:
9th century BCE

14. The Early City: Pre-Urban Rome
• Hut-urns

15. The Early City: Pre-Urban Rome

16. The Early City: Pre-Urban Rome

17. The Early City: Pre-Urban Rome

18. The Kings of Rome
• Romulus
• Numa Pompilius
• Tullus Hostilius
• Ancus Marcius
• Tarquinius Priscus “Tarquin the Elder”
• Servius Tullius
• Lucius Tarquinius Superbus “Tarquin the Proud”

19. The Early City: Urbanization of
Rome
• During the 7th century
(“Time of Kings”) Rome
significantly transformed
• Marshy regions drained
• construction of the Cloaca
Maxima
• Rise in population density
• Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus
constructed
• Borders of the city
(pomerium) defined
• Further expansion of Roman
power

20. The Unification of Italy

21. The Early City: Urbanization of
Rome
• Rise of population
density
• Housing explosion

22. The Kings of Rome
• The Death of Romulus
• Ascends to the heavens?
• Murdered by the Senate?

23. The Kings of Rome
• Tarquinius Priscus “Tarquin the Elder” 616-
579 BCE
• First Etruscan King of Rome
• Circus Maximus
• Cloaca Maxima
• Assassinated

24. Circus Maximus

25. The Kings of Rome
• Tarquinius Superbus “Tarquin the Proud” 534 - 509
BCE
• Extended Roman territory
• Completed the Cloaca Maxima
• Built the Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus
• Acquired the Sibylline Books

26. Cloaca Maxima
• First Sewer System of
Ancient Rome

27. Rape of Lucretia

28. The Birth of the
Republic 509 BCE
Lucius Brutus