This document provides an overview of important forts in India, including their locations, dates of construction, and key features. It begins by explaining why forts were historically built for defense purposes. Then it discusses 10 major forts across India such as the Red Fort in Delhi, Amber Fort near Jaipur, and Golconda Fort in Hyderabad. For each fort, it provides a brief history and highlights architectural features and historical significance. The document aims to give the reader a glimpse into some of the most prominent forts that stand as important architectural relics across India.

1. A Glimpse of some
Forts in India
PRESENTED BY
JAY RAJPUROHIT
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2. Why I chose this topic?
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3. What is a Fort?
 A protected
enclosure,
building, or
position that
stands strong in
defense against
an enemy (e.g.
Red Fort)
 A permanent
army post (e.g.
Fort Collins)
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4. Why were Forts built?
 From very early history to modern times, walls have been
a necessity for many cities
 Uruk, in ancient Sumer (Mesopotamia) was one of the
world's oldest known walled cities
 The Ancient Egyptians also built fortresses on the
frontiers of the Nile Valley to protect against invaders
from its neighboring territories
 Many of the forts of the ancient world were built with mud
brick
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5. History of Forts in India
 Forts are important architectural relics of the long history of India
 The capital of each Raja or King had a fort, around which a
township grew and developed
 This pattern can be seen in many Indian cities such as Delhi, Agra,
Pune, Kolkata and Mumbai
 Two forts in India are UNESCO world heritage sites
Agra Fort Red Fort 5

6. 10 Famous Forts of India
 Qila Mubarak  Chittorgarh Fort
 Fort William  Agra Fort
 Amber Fort  Golconda Fort
 Mehrangarh Fort  Lal Qila/Red Fort
 Jaisalmer Fort  Gwalior Fort
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7. For every Fort let’s answer the
following
 Where is it?
 When was it built and by whom?
 Features of the fort
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8. Qila Mubarak
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9. Qila Mubarak
 The oldest surviving fort in India is the Qila
Mubarak at Bathinda (Punjab)
 Built in 90-110 AD, by Emperor Kanishka and
Raja Dab
 Facts
 Razia Sultan (the first woman to take charge of
the Delhi throne ) was imprisoned here in 1204
 Visited by Guru Nanak Dev (1515), Guru Teg
Bahadur (1665), Guru Gobind Singh (1705)
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11. Fort William
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12. Fort William
 It is situated in Kolkata, on the Eastern banks
of the River Hooghly
 Built in 1781, during the early years of the
Bengal Presidency of British India
 Facts
 It was named after King William III of England
 Fort is built of brick and mortar in the shape of an
irregular octagon
 In front of the Fort is the Maidan, the largest
urban park in Kolkata 12

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14. Amber Fort
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15. Amber Fort
 Located in Amber (near Jaipur)
 Built in 1592, by Raja Man Singh
 Facts
 Name derived from Amba Mata (Mother Earth)
 Perfect blend of Hindu and Muslim Architecture
 Fort is built with white marble and red sandstone
 Inside looks like a palace with a huge courtyard,
Shila Mata (Kali) temple, residence of the
Maharaja, silver doors, mosaics, marble columns,
hand paintings ,sculptures 15

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17. Mehrangarh Fort
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18. Mehrangarh Fort
 One of the largest forts in Jodhpur
 Built in 1459, by Rao Jodha (Rathore Ruler)
 Facts
 The hill was called Bhaurcheeria, the mountain of
birds
 Inside the Fort, there are majestic rooms called
Moti Mahal, Sheesh Mahal, Phool Mahal and
Takhat Vilas
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20. Jaisalmer Fort (Sonar Kella)
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21. Jaisalmer Fort
 One of the largest forts in world, located in
Jaisalmer
 Built in 1156, by Rawal Jaisal (Rajput Ruler)
 Facts
 Stands on the golden stretches of Thar desert
 World’s only living Fort with quarter of Jaisalmer’s
population living inside
 Sri Satyajit Ray created a famous detective film
“Sonar Kella” based on this Fort
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23. Chittorgarh Fort
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24. Chittorgarh Fort
 Also called Water Fort, located in Chittaur
 Built in 7th century AD, by Mauryans
 Facts
 Some believe Bhim (one of Pandava brothers)
built this fort
 Inside the Fort, Vijay Stambh (Tower of Victory),
Kirti Stambh (Tower of Fame), Gaumukh
Reservoir, Rana Kumbha and Padmini Palace,
Meera Temple
 Witnessed many Jauhars
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26. Agra Fort
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27. Agra Fort
 Located in Agra near world famous Taj Mahal
 Completed in 1573, under Akbar the Great
 Facts
 Insidethe Fort, Diwan-i-Aam, Diwani-i-Khas,
Jahangiri Mahal, Khas Mahal, Anguri Bagh,
Golden Pavilions, Musamman Burj
 When Aurangzeb imprisoned his father Shah
Jahan, he viewed the construction of Taj Mahal
from Musamman Burj (a tower with a marble
balcony, which provides best view of Taj Mahal)
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29. Golconda Fort
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30. Golconda Fort
 Located in Golconda, near Hyderabad
 Built in 13th century by the Kakatiya Kings
 Facts
 Situated on a 400 feet high granite hill
 Has amazing acoustics, where sound of a clap
from near the front gate can be heard on top of
the citadel
 Many famous diamonds were excavated from
mines at Golconda (Hope Diamond at
Smithsonian in Washington DC, Darya-e-Noor)
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32. Red Fort (Lal Qila)
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33. Red Fort
 Located in New Delhi
 Built in 1648 by Emperor Shah Jahan
 Facts
 Shah Jahan moved the Mughal capital from Agra
to Delhi and created his palace in Red Fort
 Served as capital of Mughals until 1857
 Indian Independence celebrated with Flag
hoisting at Red Fort every year. Pandit
Jawaharlal Nehru first hoisted the Indian Flag on
Independence Day (August 15th, 1947)
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35. Gwalior Fort
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36. Gwalior Fort
 Located in Gwalior (birthplace of Mia Tansen)
 Built in 8th century by Tomar Rulers
 Facts
 Emperor Babur described it as “The pearl in the
necklace of the forts of Hind”
 Inside the Fort, Gurjari Mahal and Man Mandir
palace
 First epigraphic evidence of “0” (Shunya in
Sanskrit) was found on a tablet near a 9th century
Hindu temple
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38. Thank You!
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