This document provides information about historical forts in Maharashtra, India. It discusses the Murud-Janjira fort, located on an island off the coast of Raigad district. It has massive black granite walls and could only be seen from 40 feet away due to its clever military design. It also describes the Narnala fort complex which consists of three small forts - Zafrabad, Narnala, and Teliagarh. Additionally, it provides details about the Global Vipassana Pagoda, located near Mumbai. It has the world's largest stone dome built without pillars, with a height of 29 meters and diameter of 97.46 meters.

1. ART INTEGRATED PROJECT

2. NAMEOF THE TOPIC:HISTORICALPLACESOF
MAHARASHTRA
PRESENTEDBY: SaswatMahapatra

3. HISTORICAL PLACES OF
MAHARASHTRA

4. INTRODUCTION

5.  Forts were a primary defence mechanism in Maharashtra against enemy invasions, and had been so since ancient times.
They are known in the local language as 'killa' (or 'qila' in Urdu). They were naturally and artificially protected human
settlements,guardedbyelementssuchashills,forests,thedesert,thesea,andman-madestonestructuresthatformeda
kindofarmouraroundthem.
 One of the early reference to forts in the subcontinent occurs in the ancient political treatise, 'Arthashastra' by Kautilya,
whereby Kautilya classifies the forts as Jal durg (water forts), Giri durg (mountain forts), Vana durg (forest forts), Dhanu
durg (arid/desert forts located in conditions which are devoid of a ready water supply), Mahi durg (brick forts), and Nar
durg(humanforts),nottomentiontheancientcitiesinkingdomssuchasMathura,Magadha,
 Due to its peculiar topography, Maharashtra has always revelled in different forms of fort constructions. Its structures
andarchitecturaldesignshavediffereddependingupontheirregionandlocation,whethertheseareontheplains,coastal
areas,hillyterrainorinthedenseforests.
INTRODUCTION

6. ARCHITECTURAL WORK

7. THE STRUCTURE IS BUILT ON A ROCK OUTCROP AND HAS 26 MASSIVE BASTIONS AND HIGH PROTECTIVE WALLS.BASED ON HISTORICAL RECORDS,IT IS SAID
THATTHEFORTWASCONSTRUCTED BYMALIKAMBER,WHOSERVEDUNDERTHENIZAMSHAHIDYNASTYINDECCANREGION.
Withitsmassiveblackgranitewallswhichseemtobestandingrightonthewater.
The fort can be entered through alarge gatewaywhichis built in such awaythat it is notclearly visible untilone comes within afew metersof it.The
construction of the fort and its buildings appear to be crude, with very little architectural ornamentation.The real beauty lies in the clever military
designsthatthearchitectsusedtomakethefort almostinvincible.
It is also said that the Shahnoor fort is modified /built by the Sultan Mahmoud Gazhnavi because he is a follower of Bagh-sawar wali Burhanuddin,
maintained after Imad shahi dynasty and after this Akbar invaded Berar and was maintained by Mughals. Mughals recreated the Narnala Fort with
Mughal architecture and built mosque at the fort. The fort covers an area of 362 acres (1.46 km2). The large gates are called the Delhi darvaza, the
Sirpur darvaza, the Akot darvaza, and the Shahanur darvaza. The innermost of the three gate-ways is the Mahakali gate named by Killedar family as
Goddess Mahakali is their family deity. It is built of white sandstone and is highly ornate. It is decorated with conventional lotus flowers, a rich cornice,
and later flourished with Arabic inscriptions, and flanked by projecting balconies with panels of stone lattice-work displaying considerable variety of
design. The fort still display " Ashtakamal" eight petals Lotus which was the symbol of Narnal Singh's Solanki dynasty goddess Khimaj or Mahalaxmi.
Theselotuses are visibleonthemosques andmanyotherplaces.
In October 1997, the foundation stone of the Global Vipassana Pagoda was laid on the Essel Plateau in Mumbai. In the eleven years since this
auspicious event, the construction work progressed without interruption, supported selflessly by Vipassana meditators and devotees from around the
world.The pillar-less dome ofsuch amagnitude is amarvelwhen onethinksofthousands ofstones, each of600 to700 kg approximate weight,without
anytemporary support(centering)duringconstruction
The biggest masonrydome built anywhere in the world before the GlobalPagoda is the dome at Bijapur which is of 130 ft diameter.The GlobalPagoda
isover twiceitssizeindiameter.

8. HEIGHT AND AREA

9.  Murud janjira fort is situated on an oval-shaped rock off the Arabian sea coast near the port city of
murud,165km (103mi) south of mumbai.The main gate of the forts faces rajapuri on the shore and can
be seen only when one is 40 feet (12m) away from it. It has a small postern gate towards the open sea
for escape.a special attraction of this fort are the three gigantic cannons named kalalbangdi,chavri and
landa kasam.This cannons were said to be feared for their shooting range. Another gate to the waste is
sea-facing,called “darya darwaza”
 Narnala fort it consists of three small forts:zafrabad fort on the east,Narnala in the center and teliagarh
to the west. The lake within the center of the complex is said to possess healing properties and
according to legend contained the philosopher's stone, though no stone was found when the lake dried
up in the drought and Indian famine of 1899-1900.
 The center of the Global Vipassana Pagoda contains the world's largest stone dome built without any
supporting pillars. The height of the dome is approximately 29 meters, while the height of the building is
99.06 meters, The external diameter of the largest section of the dome is 97.46 m and the shorter sections are
94.82m. The internal diameter is 85.15 m.The inside of the pagoda is hollow and serves as a very large
meditation hall with an area covering more than 6000 m2 (65,000 ft2).

10. ESSAY

11. दोस्ोों भारत एक ऐसा देश है जहाों पर कई राजा महाराजाओों ने राज ककया है और अपने राज्य की सुरक्षा क
े किए ककिे भी बनवाए हैं। यहाों ऐसे
कई प्राचीन ककिे हैं, जो अपने आप में कई रहस्य समेटे हुए हैं। एक ऐसा ही ककिा हे जोंजीरा ककिा। जोंजीरा ककिा महाराष्ट्र क
े कोकण मैं
रायगढ़ कजिे क
े मुरुद गाोंव क
े कनकट स्थित है, कजसे मुरुद जोंजीरा ककिे क
े नाम से जाना जाता है। इस ककिे क
े नाम में ही इसकी खाकसयत
किपी है दरअसि जोंजीरा अरबी शब्द ‘जजीरा’ का अपभ्रोंश है, कजसका अिथ होता है- टापू।
समुद्र ति से 90 फीट की ऊ
ों चाई पर बना यह ककिा चारोों और से पानी से किरा हुआ होने क
े करण इस ककिे को ,आईिैंड फोटथ” क
े नाम से भी
जाना जाता है। यह ककिा भारत में ही नहीों बस्ि दुकनया में अपनी बनावट क
े किए मशहूर है और हर साि इसे देखने क
े किए िाखो सैिानी
आते है। जोंजीरा ककिा भारत क
े पकिमी तट का एक मात्र ऐसा ककिा है, कजसे किकटश, पुतथगािी, कशवाजी महाराज, और सोंभाजी महाराज ने इस
ककिे को जीतने का काफी प्रयास ककया िा। िेककन कोई भी इस ककिे को नहीों जीत सका।
इस ककिे की बनावट ऐसी है कक इस पर कब्जे क
े किए कई बार हमिे हुए िेककन कोई भी इस ककिे क
े अोंदर िुस नहीों सका। यही वजह है कक
350 वर्थ पुराने इस ककिे को अकजोंक्या ककिे क
े नाम से भी जाना जाता है, कजसका शास्ब्दक अिथ होता है – अजेय। 40 फीट ऊ
ों ची दीवारोों से
किरा ये ककिा अरब सागर में एक टापू पर बना हुआ है।
भारत क
े प्रमुख नगर मुोंबई क
े बोरीविी गोराई कबच क
े पास स्थित एक कवपस्सना का ध्यान क
ें द्र है जो की गौतम बुद्ध क
े कवचारोों और ज्ञान का प्रसार
कर रहा है। यह कवश्व का सबसे बडा ध्यान क
ें द्र है. इस आकटथकि में हम आपको इकतहास और पैगोडा से जुडी क
ु ि महत्वपूणथ बाते बताने वािे ft
है।
8 फ़रवरी 2009 में भारत की तत्कािीन राष्ट्र पकत प्रकतभा पाकटि ने पैगोडा का उद् िाटन ककया िा ग्लोबि कवपश्यना पैगोडा को बनने में िगभग
आठ साि िगे। इसक
े कनमाथण की योजना 1997 में शुरू हुई ।
योंगून, म्ाोंमार में श्वेदागोन पैगोडा क
े बाद , ग्लोबि कवपश्यना पैगोडा असिी सोने में ढोंक
े हुए हैं और म्ाोंमार द्वारा दान ककए गए एक सजावटी
िाता क
े साि सबसे ऊपर है। म्ाोंमार में सोंरचना क
े किए िकडी क
े मुख्य दरवाजे भी हाि से बनाए गए िे, जबकक मुख्य कनमाथण की सामग्री
राजथिान से िाई गई बिुआ पत्थर की िी। पैगोडा का कनमाथण प्राचीन भारतीय और आधुकनक तकनीक का बेहतरीन कमश्रण है, जो इसे एक हजार
साि तक चिने क
े किए तैयार करता है।

12. 15 वीों शताब्दी में मुगिोों ने ककिे पर कब्जा कर किया और इसका पुनकनथमाथण ककया और इसकिए इसे शाहनूर ककिा कहा जाता है। नारनािा बरार
सूबे क
े तेरह सरकारोों में से एक िे। नारनिा में पूवथ में जाफराबाद ककिा (या जाफराबाद), क
ें द्र में नारनिा और तेकियागढ़ नामक तीन िोटे ककिे
हैं।
यह स्खिजी राजवोंश क
े बाद से एक ऐकतहाकसक थिान है, और यह मध्ययुगीन काि
में सरकार सुबा बरार में से एक िा।यह ककिा महान मुस्िम सोंत हजरत बुरहानुद्दीन
"बाग सावर वािी" क
े किए जाना जाता है और कहा जाता है कक उस समय
हजरत क
े साि कई सफ
े द बाि देखे गए िे। अदिी बेग या अतिु बेग ने कई अरबी किकपयोों और
"कडक कबजिी" नाम क
े "टीयूपी" का कनमाथण ककया। यह औरोंगजेब क
े परपोते का जन्मथिान भी है।
में 21o 15′ N और 77o 4′ E क
े कनदेशाोंक पर स्थित है। कनकटतम शहर अकोट है जो 18 ककमी दू र है।
यह सतपुडा पहाकडयोों क
े सबसे दकक्षणी कसरे पर समुद्र ति से ३१६१ फीट (९१२ मीटर) की ऊ
ों चाई पर है।
वतथमान में, यह क्षेत्र मेििाट टाइगर ररजवथ क
े अोंतगथत आता है।

13. HISTORY

14. Planning for the construction of the Global Vipassana Pagoda began in 1997, while actual building work started in 2000. The
pagoda consists of three sub-domes. The first and largest dome was completed in October 2006 when bone relics of Gautam
Buddha were enshrined in the central locking stone of the dome on 29 October 2006, making it the world's largest structure
containing relics of the Buddha. The relics were originally found in the stupa at Bhattiprolu, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh,
South India. The second and third domes sit atop the first dome. Construction of the third dome was structurally completed
on 21 November 2008.
The name of the fort is a concatenation of the Konkani and Marathi words, "morod" and "Janjiri". The word "morod" is
peculiar to Konkani and is absent in Marathi.
Raja Ram Rao Patil was Patil of Janjira Island and a chief of Kolis who established and/or built this island in the 16th century
for Kolis to live peacefully away from pirates. After gaining permission from the Sultan of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate,
In the year 1736, Siddis of Murud-Janjira set out in a battle with the forces of Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao. On 19 April 1736,
Maratha warrior Nanaji Surve and Chimaji Appa attacked the gathering forces in the encampments of the Siddis near Rewas.
However, Janjira remained unconquered until it became part of Indian territory after independence from the British in 1947.
Narnala Fort or Narnala Killa Sarkar, also known as Shahnoor Fort, is a hill fortress in the Satpura
Range of Vidarbh, Maharashtra, India, named after the Rajput Solanki Chaulukya Ruler, Raja Narnala Singh, also known as
Narnal Singh Swami. It was renamed as "Shahnoor" by Islamic rulers but again acquired, rebuilt and got its name "Narnala"
by ruler RaoRana Narnal Singh Solanki, who migrated from Rajasthan, Tonk district, originally by Patan, Gujarat and was a
descendant of Narnal Singh Swami.
Narnala was captured by Parsoji Bhosale in 1701 CE and he appointed the Raorana Family descendants the Thakurraos as
the governor of Narnala and the surrounding forts and Narnala remained with the Marathas till it was taken over by the British
in 1803 CE.

15. SHORT
PARAGRApH

16. ନରନାଲା, “ଶାହନୁର ଦୁର୍ଗ” ଭାବରର ମଧ୍ୟ ଜଣାଶୁଣା, ଭାରତର ମହାରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରର ଏକ ପାହାଡ ଦୁର୍ଗ, ଯାହା ରାଜପୁତ ଶାସକ ନନଗାଲା ସିଂଙ୍କ ନାମରର ନାମତ |
ପ th ୍ଚଦଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରର ରମାର୍ଲମାରନ ଦୁର୍ଗକୁ ଦଖଲ କର ପୁନ ନମଗାଣ
କରଛନ୍ତ ଏବିଂ ରତଣୁ ଏହାକୁ ଶାହାରନାର ଦୁର୍ଗ କୁହାଯାଏ | ଏହା 21o 15 ′ N ଏବିଂ 77o 4 ′ E ର ସିଂରଯାଜନାରର ଆରକାଲା ଜଲ୍ଲାର ଆରକାଟ
ତାଲୁକା, ରବରାର (ଅମ୍ରାବତୀ ଡଭଜନ ମଧ୍ୟ କୁହାଯାଏ) ରର ଅବସ୍ଥତ | ଏହା ସମୁଦ୍ର ପତ୍ତନଠାର
ୁ 3161 ଫୁଟ (912 ମଟର) ଉଚ୍ଚତାରର ସତୟପୁରା
ପାହାଡର ଦକ୍ଷଣ ଭାର୍ରର ଅବସ୍ଥତ | ବତ୍ତଗମାନ ଏହ ଅଞ୍ଚଳ ରମଲଘାଟ ଟାଇର୍ର ରଜଭଗ ମଧ୍ୟରର ଅଛ |
ମୁମ୍ବାଇର 165 କରଲାମଟର ଦକ୍ଷଣରର ଥିବା ମୁର
ୁ ଦ ବନ୍ଦର ନକଟରର ଓଭାଲ ଆକୃତର ଏକ ପଥର ଉପରର ଅବସ୍ଥତ ଜାନଜରା ଭାରତର ସବୁଠାର
ୁ
ଶକ୍ତଶାଳୀ ସାମୁଦ୍ରକ ଦୁର୍ଗ ମଧ୍ୟର
ୁ ଅନୟତମ | ରାଜପୁରୀ ରଜଟର
ୁ ନାବକମାରନ ଏହ ଦୁର୍ଗର୍ୁଡକ ନକଟକୁ ଆସନ୍ତ | ଦୁର୍ଗର ମୁଖୟ ଫାଟକ କୂଳରର ରାଜପୁରୀ
ଆଡକୁ ମୁହାଇଥାଏ ଏବିଂ ରଯରତରବରଳ ଏହା ଏହାର ନକଟତର ହୁଏ ରସରତରବରଳ ହ ରଦଖାଯାଏ | ଖସଯବା ପାଇ ରଖାଲା ସମୁଦ୍ର ଆଡ଼କୁ ଏହାର ଏକ
ରଛାଟ ରପାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଫାଟକ ଅଛ |
ରଫବୃଆରୀ 8, 2009 ରର ସମଗ୍ର ବଶ୍ୱର ମାନୟର୍ଣୟ ବୟକ୍ତଙ୍କ ଉପସ୍ଥତରର ଭାରତର ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରପତ ପ୍ରତୀଭା ପାଟଲଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ର୍ଲାବାଲ ଭପାସାନା ପାରର୍ାଡା
ଉଦ୍ଘାଟତ ରହାଇଥିଲା।
ପ୍ରାୟ 280 ଫୁଟ ବୟାସ ବଶଷ୍ଟ୍ ଏବିଂ ଏହାର ଉଚ୍ଚତା 325 ଫୁଟ ଥିବା ଏହ ପଥର ସିଂରଚନାରର ବୁଦ୍ଧଙ୍କର ମୂଳ ଅସ୍ଥ ପ୍ରତମୂତ୍ତଗୀ ରହଛ - ଶ୍ରୀଲଙ୍କା ସରକାର
ଏବିଂ ମହାରଭାଡ ରସାସାଇଟ ଅଫ ଇଣ୍ଡଆ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଏହ ର୍ମ୍ବୁଜରର ରଖାଯାଇଛ। ପାରର୍ାଡା ଧ୍ୟାନରର ବୁଦ୍ଧଙ୍କର ପ୍ରତୀକ | ବୁଦ୍ଧଙ୍କ ଶରୀର ପାରର୍ାଡା ପ୍ରତୀକ
କର
ୁ ଥିବା ସୁବର୍ଣ୍ଗ ରଙ୍ଗର ଥିଲା, ଧାମର ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଗ ପଥ ଯାହା ନ ality ତକତା, ଏକାଗ୍ରତା ଏବିଂ ଜ୍ଞାନ ଅରଟ |