the different forms of government

1. FORMS of GOVERNMENT
As to number of persons exercising sovereign powers
1. Monarchy – one in which the supreme and final
authority is in the hands of a single person.
2. Aristocracy – one in which political power is exercised
by a few privileged class
3. Democracy – one in which political power is exercised
by a majority of people.

2. As to extent of powers by the central government
1. Unitary government – one in which the control of
national and local affairs is exercised by the central or
national government.
2. Federal government – one in which the powers of
government are divided between two sets of organs,
one for national affairs and the other for local affairs.

3. As to relationship between the executive and the
legislative branches of the government
1. Parliamentary government – one in which the
state confers upon the legislature the power to
terminate the tenure of office of the real executive.
2. Presidential government – one in which the state
makes the executive independent of the legislature
as regards his tenure, policies and acts.

4. GOVERNMENT
of the
PHILIPPINES
in
TRANSITION

5. PRE-SPANISH GOVERNMENT
• Barangay
• Datu
• Social classes
• Early laws

6. SPANISH PERIOD
• Ferdinand Magellan (1521)
• Miguel Lopez de Legazpi (1566)
• Katipunan government (1892)
• Biak na Bato Republic (1897)
• Dictatorial government (1898)
“Philippine Independence at Kawit, Cavite”
• Revolutionary government (1898)
• First Philippine Republic (1898)
“Malolos Constitution”

7. AMERICAN PERIOD
• Treaty of Paris
• Military government (1898)
• Civil government (1901)
• Commonwealth government (1934)
“Tydings Mc Duffie Law”

8. JAPANESE PERIOD
• Japanese Military Administration (1942)
• The Philippine Executive Commission
• The Japanese-sponsored Republic of the Philippines (1943)

9. The PROVISIONAL GOV’T. of 1986
1. Revolutionary
2. De jure/de facto
3. Constitutional
4. Democratic
5. Powers
6. Provisional Constitution

10. CONSTITUTION
is a written instrument by which the fundamental powers of
the government are established, limited and defined by which
these powers are distributed among the several
departments/branches for the benefit of the people.

11. NATURE& PURPOSEOFCONSTITUTION
1. Supreme/Fundamental Law
Constitution is binding on all citizens and all organs
of the government. It is the law to which all other
laws must conform.
2. Basic Framework
Constitution is providing system to the
government; assigning powers and duties to
different government departments/branches;
protecting the rights of individuals against arbitrary
actions of the government.

12. Requisites of a
good written constitution
As to form
1. Brief
2. Broad
3. Definite
As to contents
1. Constitution of
government
2. Constitution of
liberty
3. Constitution of
sovereignty

13. CONSTITUTION
a legislation direct
from the people
merely states the
general framework of
the law
not merely to meet
existing conditions but
to govern the future
the supreme or
fundamental law
STATUTE
 a legislation from the
people’s representatives
 provides the details of
the subject it treats
 to meet existing
conditions only
 Law born-out from the
Constitution

14. CONSTITUTIONS
OF THE
REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES

15. Malolos Constitution
September 15, 1898, Congress met in Malolos, Bulacan and
framed the Malolos Constitution
lasted only for a short period of time from January 23, 1899 to
March 23, 1901

16. 1935 Constitution
March 24, 1934 – Pres. Roosevelt authorized the calling of a
constitutional convention to draft a constitution of the Philippines
March 23, 1935 – Pres. Roosevelt approved the Constitution.
May 14, 1935 – Filipinos ratified the Constitution

17. 1973 Constitution
• March 16, 1967 – Congress authorized the holding of
a constitutional convention
• June 1, 1971 – the convention started to rewrite the
Constitution
• November 30, 1972 – the proposed Constitution was
signed
• September 21, 1972 – Pre. Marcos placed the entire
country under martial law
• January 17, 1973 – Filipinos ratified the Constitution

18. Freedom Constitution
• February 22-25, 1986 - 4 day people power revolt
• March 25, 1986 - Freedom Constitution was promulgated

19. 1987 Constitution
• April 23, 1986 - Constitutional Commission was created to draft the
proposed Constitution
• June 2, 1986 - the Constitutional Commission convened
• October 15, 1986 - draft of the Constitution was finished
• February 2, 1987 - the 1987 Constitution was ratified by the people on
a plebiscite