The document provides information about the structure and components of a formal letter. It discusses that a formal letter includes: 1) A greeting that addresses the recipient by their title and last name. 2) An opening paragraph that states the purpose or reason for writing. 3) The body, which can be 1-3 paragraphs and provides the key information. 4) A closing sentence that indicates the letter is ending. 5) A closing phrase such as "Yours sincerely" or "Yours faithfully". 6) The writer's signature.