4. Forest typesForest types
1. Tropical rainforest
•Very dense with canopies preventing
sunlight from getting to the floor
•All year high temperatures and
abundant rainfall
•Near the equator
•Millions of different animals, birds
and fish species
5. 2. Mediterranean
forest:
•Around the coasts of the
Meditarranean, California,
Chile and Western Australia
•Short growing season and
almost all trees are
evergreen
6. 3. Deciduous forest:
•Eastern USA, Canada, western
Europe, parts of Russia, China
and Japan
•Four distinct seasons. Precipitation
throughout the year, as rain in spring,
summer and autumn and snow in
winter.
•Mosses, ferns and wildflowers and a
variety of shrubs at the understory
7. 4. Coniferous
forest
•In the cold, windy regions
around the poles
•Trees adapted to
withstand the long
drought-like conditions of
the long winters
8. 5. Jungle
•At the margins of forests
•Impenetrable vegetation
dominated by trees
•Both in equatorial and tropical
climatic zones
•Young trees, vines and
herbaceous plant.
9. The structure of a typicalThe structure of a typical
rainforestrainforest
• The emergent layer (A)
• The canopy layer (B)
• The understory (C)
• The forest floor (D)
10. ForestryForestry
• The study of the interaction of the forest elements (trees, soil, water, air,
plants, animals) and their management
• The preservation of natural balance to ensure the forest’s wellbeing.
11. ImportanceImportance of forestsof forests
Watershed
Habitat and ecosystems (home to millions of animals and plants)
Economic benefits (the use of timber, tourism)
Climate control (regulate atmospheric temperatures)
12. ThreatsThreats for a forest
Deforestation: the cutting down of trees (as timber, for farming
purposes, to make room for buildings and mining)
Forest fires
Climate change
Pests and diseases
Droughts and flooding
13. Effects of deforestationEffects of deforestation
Soil erosion
Disruption of water cycle
Loss of biodiversity
Climate change
14. What can I do to help?What can I do to help?
Teach others about the importance of forests
Restore damaged ecosystems by planting trees
Encourage people to live in a way that doesn’t harm the environment
Establish parks to protect rainforests and wildlife
Support efforts to minimize damage to the environment
