This presentation debunks many of the common misconceptions about forests, carbon, and climate change. [A few of the slides did not convert very well. Contact me at dh@oregonwild.org if you want me to send you a link to the latest powerpoint.]
This document discusses the economic valuation of forests. It begins by outlining the importance of forests and their economic, social, and ecological benefits, including wood and non-wood products, recreation, watershed protection, biodiversity, and climate mitigation. It then defines direct and indirect benefits and tangible and intangible benefits. The document introduces the concept of total economic value and its components. It describes several methods used to value forests, including direct market valuation, contingent valuation, travel cost method, hedonic pricing, and production function method. The document concludes with several case studies valuing forests in India using different techniques.
This document contains lecture notes on forest management. It covers 7 units on topics related to forest management objectives, alternatives, strategies, valuation, rotation, regulation, policy, and management planning. The notes were prepared by Bishnu P Devkota for a forestry management course at Kathmandu Forestry College in Nepal. The notes define forest management and discuss its objectives, which include providing maximum long-term benefits to people through both productive and protective forest uses.
This document outlines Javed Iqbal's proposed revisions to the format of forest management plans (working plans) in Pakistan. It discusses the shortcomings of the traditional two-part format, which lacks justification for objectives and alternatives. The proposed new format has three parts: Part I describes the forest area and existing conditions. Part II evaluates alternative objectives, species, silvicultural systems, and other choices. Part III prescribes the management plan, including working circles, programs, protection, utilization, infrastructure, administration, records, and finances.
Assessment of biomass and carbon sequestration potentials of standing Pongami...Surendra Bam
The need of identifying the plant species having multitude value in present world are essential. Even in the Climate Change mitigation measures, the utilization of those plant species having economical value like bio-disel as well as can play their role of carbon sequestration.
Natural resources & peacebuilding cambodia - Blake D. RatnerWorldFish
1) Twenty years ago, the UN made a large investment in peacekeeping and democratic governance in Cambodia to coincide with its shift to a market economy. Contemporary conflicts now focus significantly on land and natural resource control.
2) Natural resources have long been a source of conflict in Cambodia by financing civil wars and taking new forms in the post-war context. Resource governance remains central to preventing future conflicts.
3) Community forestry and fishery examples in Oddar Meanchey and Kompong Thom provinces show how resource rights are still compromised and at risk of social conflicts, despite some policy reforms.
Demystifying the Role of Agroforestry in Biodiversity Conservation Mohamed I ...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
This document discusses how agroforestry can be mainstreamed in biodiversity conservation efforts. It outlines several ways that agroforestry contributes to biodiversity conservation by reducing pressure on natural forests, providing habitat, and serving as a benign land use matrix. The document argues that landscape-scale approaches that integrate protected areas, agroforestry, and other land uses are needed. It provides examples of agroforestry practices that embody conservation principles like maintaining genetic diversity and enhancing ecological processes. Finally, it proposes several options for mainstreaming agroforestry, like linking it to conservation planning, expanding options offered to farmers, and strategic alliances between agroforestry and conservation organizations.
This document provides an introduction to forest ecology, discussing key concepts and topics. It covers three major topics: site factors like climate, substrate and hydrology that influence forest composition; forest succession and changes over time due to disturbance; and natural disturbances like flooding, fire, wind, ice, insects and disease. Forest ecology examines how living organisms interact with each other and the physical environment in complex forest ecosystems.
This document discusses the economic valuation of forests. It begins by outlining the importance of forests and their economic, social, and ecological benefits, including wood and non-wood products, recreation, watershed protection, biodiversity, and climate mitigation. It then defines direct and indirect benefits and tangible and intangible benefits. The document introduces the concept of total economic value and its components. It describes several methods used to value forests, including direct market valuation, contingent valuation, travel cost method, hedonic pricing, and production function method. The document concludes with several case studies valuing forests in India using different techniques.
This document contains lecture notes on forest management. It covers 7 units on topics related to forest management objectives, alternatives, strategies, valuation, rotation, regulation, policy, and management planning. The notes were prepared by Bishnu P Devkota for a forestry management course at Kathmandu Forestry College in Nepal. The notes define forest management and discuss its objectives, which include providing maximum long-term benefits to people through both productive and protective forest uses.
This document outlines Javed Iqbal's proposed revisions to the format of forest management plans (working plans) in Pakistan. It discusses the shortcomings of the traditional two-part format, which lacks justification for objectives and alternatives. The proposed new format has three parts: Part I describes the forest area and existing conditions. Part II evaluates alternative objectives, species, silvicultural systems, and other choices. Part III prescribes the management plan, including working circles, programs, protection, utilization, infrastructure, administration, records, and finances.
Assessment of biomass and carbon sequestration potentials of standing Pongami...Surendra Bam
The need of identifying the plant species having multitude value in present world are essential. Even in the Climate Change mitigation measures, the utilization of those plant species having economical value like bio-disel as well as can play their role of carbon sequestration.
Natural resources & peacebuilding cambodia - Blake D. RatnerWorldFish
1) Twenty years ago, the UN made a large investment in peacekeeping and democratic governance in Cambodia to coincide with its shift to a market economy. Contemporary conflicts now focus significantly on land and natural resource control.
2) Natural resources have long been a source of conflict in Cambodia by financing civil wars and taking new forms in the post-war context. Resource governance remains central to preventing future conflicts.
3) Community forestry and fishery examples in Oddar Meanchey and Kompong Thom provinces show how resource rights are still compromised and at risk of social conflicts, despite some policy reforms.
Demystifying the Role of Agroforestry in Biodiversity Conservation Mohamed I ...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
This document discusses how agroforestry can be mainstreamed in biodiversity conservation efforts. It outlines several ways that agroforestry contributes to biodiversity conservation by reducing pressure on natural forests, providing habitat, and serving as a benign land use matrix. The document argues that landscape-scale approaches that integrate protected areas, agroforestry, and other land uses are needed. It provides examples of agroforestry practices that embody conservation principles like maintaining genetic diversity and enhancing ecological processes. Finally, it proposes several options for mainstreaming agroforestry, like linking it to conservation planning, expanding options offered to farmers, and strategic alliances between agroforestry and conservation organizations.
This document provides an introduction to forest ecology, discussing key concepts and topics. It covers three major topics: site factors like climate, substrate and hydrology that influence forest composition; forest succession and changes over time due to disturbance; and natural disturbances like flooding, fire, wind, ice, insects and disease. Forest ecology examines how living organisms interact with each other and the physical environment in complex forest ecosystems.
REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation)Janathakshan Gte Ltd
The presentation prepared by Janathakshan on REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) initiative in Sri Lanka. SL became a UN-REDD partner country in 2009. Government fo Sri Lanka (GoSL) through the forest department (FD), department of wildlife conservation (DWC) and the CCS with many stakeholders and support of 3 UN organisations has jointly implemented a UN-REDD National Program (2013 to 2017).
This presentation is prepared for continuous evaluation for the subject Theories of Agricultural Resource Management -Bsc in Export Agriculture -Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka
This document provides an overview of forest management concepts and principles. It covers topics such as forest management objectives, alternatives and decision making, sustainable forest management criteria and certification, forest valuation methods, rotation concepts and determination methods, forest regulation approaches, forest policy formulation, and forest resource management planning. The document is divided into multiple units that each address key aspects of forest management through definitions, concepts, and approaches. It is intended to help students in their BSc studies on the subject of forest management.
Non-Timber Forest Products: contribution to national economy and sustainable ...CIFOR-ICRAF
CIFOR scientist Robert Nasi gave this presentation on 10 October 2012 during the 11th Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP11).
Presentation by Ethiopia - experiences with mainstreaming biodiversity and de...OECD Environment
Presentation by Dr. Gemedo Dalle at OECD side-event ‘Mainstreaming Biodiversity and Development’ at CBD COP 13: Experiences with mainstreaming biodiversity and development in Ethiopia
Module 1 Overview Of Agroforestry Powerpoint Presentationdszamora
This document provides an overview of agroforestry practices for natural resource professionals in Minnesota. It defines agroforestry as the intensive land management that optimizes benefits from the interactions between trees, crops, and livestock. The document outlines five recognized agroforestry practices - riparian forest buffers, windbreaks, alley cropping, silvopasture, and forest farming - and provides a brief description of each. It explains that agroforestry practices are designed to fit specific landowner objectives and niches within farms.
The document discusses the potential risks and limitations of increased commercial forest biomass extraction in Oregon. It notes that past logging practices have degraded forest habitat and water quality. Increased biomass extraction could exacerbate these issues if not done carefully. The document outlines ecological concerns, such as the high value of dead wood habitat and the fire risks created by removing large trees. It argues that economies of scale for biomass operations may conflict with sustainable forest management. The conclusion supports conservative, small-scale biomass utilization only when it facilitates forest restoration goals rather than enabling further "business as usual" logging.
This document discusses various silvicultural systems and their characteristics. It begins with an introduction to silviculture and silvics, and defines silvicultural systems as methods for harvesting, regenerating, and tending forest crops.
The document then classifies silvicultural systems into two main types: high forest systems and coppice systems. High forest systems involve seedling regeneration through natural or artificial means, with long rotations. These are further divided into clear felling, shelterwood, and accessory systems.
Clear felling systems are described in detail, including variations in removal of the mature crop. Regeneration can be achieved naturally from seed stored on-site, seed brought from outside, or advanced growth retained on
The document discusses land degradation and strategies to combat it. It addresses major issues related to land degradation like the extent and severity, key drivers, and economic and environmental costs. It discusses sustainable development goals and their targets to ensure sustainable food production and achieve land degradation neutrality. It also discusses the relevance of land degradation to climate change agreements and estimates the costs of land degradation by region. The document provides an overview of issues related to land degradation and priorities for future research.
Deforestation refers to the removal of forests through logging, mining, and agriculture. It occurs mainly in tropical rainforests and leads to soil erosion, loss of wildlife habitat, and species extinction. Trees are cleared for economic reasons like agriculture, logging, mining, and palm oil harvesting. The effects of deforestation include loss of wildlife habitat, increased carbon dioxide and species extinction as forests play a key role in absorbing carbon and producing oxygen. While deforestation provides economic benefits, it contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and threatens the environment if not properly managed and regulated.
Participatory Forest Management (PFM) is a strategy for sustainable forest management that encourages local communities living near forests to manage or co-manage forest resources. PFM aims to involve local stakeholders in decision making for forest management. In the 1980s, governments began decentralizing natural resource management to local institutions to reduce costs, more effectively protect resources and local livelihoods, and increase local responsiveness and efficiency through community participation and skills. PFM strategies include Community Based Forest Management, where villagers fully own and manage village lands, and Joint Forest Management, where government and communities collaboratively manage government forest reserves.
The document provides information about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It summarizes that the IPCC was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization and United Nations Environment Programme to assess scientific information on climate change. It produces major assessment reports approximately every 6-7 years to inform international climate change agreements and policies. The IPCC involves thousands of experts worldwide and its reports have been instrumental in international negotiations and agreements to address climate change, including the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement.
Lesser known forest tree species used for commercial purposesatulthakur007
Forest tree species,which are not popularly known,but still they have great significance for wood based industries...They are lesser known forest tree species used for commercial purposes.
Sustainable forest management, biodiversity and carbon: The case for REDD+?CIFOR-ICRAF
This document discusses sustainable forest management, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration through REDD+. It outlines that while forest management paradigms have evolved to emphasize multiple goods and services, in practice focus remains on limited commodities like timber. Forest degradation is an ongoing problem. REDD+ could provide incentives to adopt practices that lead to sustainability by addressing governance and enforcement issues, but underlying challenges around rights, corruption, and substitution costs remain.
The document discusses ecological footprints, which measure the amount of productive land and water required to support an individual or entity's lifestyle and waste absorption. It provides data on countries' ecological footprints in global hectares per capita and deficit. The global average footprint exceeds biocapacity by 1.1 global hectares per person. Ecological footprints are estimated based on categories like carbon, food, and goods/services. They help educate about overconsumption and sustainability. Reducing footprints involves actions like using renewable energy and reducing waste and driving.
This document discusses geographic variation in trees. It begins by explaining the importance of understanding geographic variation within a species' native range for reforestation, tree improvement programs, and gene conservation. It then defines key terms used in the study of geographic variation such as provenances, seed sources, races, ecotypes, varieties, and subspecies. It also discusses concepts like clines, provenance by environment interactions, and the experimental methods used to study geographic variation, including common garden tests and genetic marker studies. Two case studies are presented, one on phenological and cold hardiness variation in western hemlock provenances, and another on allozyme variation patterns in Jeffrey pine. The document outlines both advantages and disadvantages of using genetic markers like
biodiversity, conservation and conventionsSLIDE SHARE
This document provides an overview of biodiversity, including its definition, levels, measurement, gradients, value, threats, and conservation efforts. It discusses India's biodiversity in particular, noting that India is one of 17 mega-diverse countries and contains a variety of forest and coastal ecosystems. The document also summarizes five mass extinction events and several international conventions focused on biodiversity conservation, including the Convention on Biological Diversity, CITES, CMS, and Ramsar Convention.
Drivers of deforestation and forest degradationCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Gabrielle Kissinger and Martin Herold was given on 26 November 2012 at a UNFCCC COP18 side-event in Doha, Qatar. They shared findings from a recently published global assessment on the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, as well as country experiences of dealing with them in a REDD+ context. To support SBSTA considerations on REDD+, and to support ongoing national-level REDD+ planning and implementation, the assessment explores the importance of drivers, the role of drivers in REDD+ policy development and interventions, and in developing forest reference emission levels.
The document contains technical specifications and diagrams for various optical and fiber optic components and assemblies including ALLICE, ALADDIN, fiber optic rotary joints, night vision goggles, MOMOS masks, PHILLIP night vision goggles, fiber optic cables, Rhosie imaging components, DWICLIDAR telescopes, HIPPI-3D assemblies, MIFLA components, Phase II prototypes, small spectrometers, and more. Measurements are provided for mass properties, center of gravity, moments of inertia, and radii of gyration for some components.
REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation)Janathakshan Gte Ltd
The presentation prepared by Janathakshan on REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) initiative in Sri Lanka. SL became a UN-REDD partner country in 2009. Government fo Sri Lanka (GoSL) through the forest department (FD), department of wildlife conservation (DWC) and the CCS with many stakeholders and support of 3 UN organisations has jointly implemented a UN-REDD National Program (2013 to 2017).
This presentation is prepared for continuous evaluation for the subject Theories of Agricultural Resource Management -Bsc in Export Agriculture -Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka
This document provides an overview of forest management concepts and principles. It covers topics such as forest management objectives, alternatives and decision making, sustainable forest management criteria and certification, forest valuation methods, rotation concepts and determination methods, forest regulation approaches, forest policy formulation, and forest resource management planning. The document is divided into multiple units that each address key aspects of forest management through definitions, concepts, and approaches. It is intended to help students in their BSc studies on the subject of forest management.
Non-Timber Forest Products: contribution to national economy and sustainable ...CIFOR-ICRAF
CIFOR scientist Robert Nasi gave this presentation on 10 October 2012 during the 11th Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP11).
Presentation by Ethiopia - experiences with mainstreaming biodiversity and de...OECD Environment
Presentation by Dr. Gemedo Dalle at OECD side-event ‘Mainstreaming Biodiversity and Development’ at CBD COP 13: Experiences with mainstreaming biodiversity and development in Ethiopia
Module 1 Overview Of Agroforestry Powerpoint Presentationdszamora
This document provides an overview of agroforestry practices for natural resource professionals in Minnesota. It defines agroforestry as the intensive land management that optimizes benefits from the interactions between trees, crops, and livestock. The document outlines five recognized agroforestry practices - riparian forest buffers, windbreaks, alley cropping, silvopasture, and forest farming - and provides a brief description of each. It explains that agroforestry practices are designed to fit specific landowner objectives and niches within farms.
The document discusses the potential risks and limitations of increased commercial forest biomass extraction in Oregon. It notes that past logging practices have degraded forest habitat and water quality. Increased biomass extraction could exacerbate these issues if not done carefully. The document outlines ecological concerns, such as the high value of dead wood habitat and the fire risks created by removing large trees. It argues that economies of scale for biomass operations may conflict with sustainable forest management. The conclusion supports conservative, small-scale biomass utilization only when it facilitates forest restoration goals rather than enabling further "business as usual" logging.
This document discusses various silvicultural systems and their characteristics. It begins with an introduction to silviculture and silvics, and defines silvicultural systems as methods for harvesting, regenerating, and tending forest crops.
The document then classifies silvicultural systems into two main types: high forest systems and coppice systems. High forest systems involve seedling regeneration through natural or artificial means, with long rotations. These are further divided into clear felling, shelterwood, and accessory systems.
Clear felling systems are described in detail, including variations in removal of the mature crop. Regeneration can be achieved naturally from seed stored on-site, seed brought from outside, or advanced growth retained on
The document discusses land degradation and strategies to combat it. It addresses major issues related to land degradation like the extent and severity, key drivers, and economic and environmental costs. It discusses sustainable development goals and their targets to ensure sustainable food production and achieve land degradation neutrality. It also discusses the relevance of land degradation to climate change agreements and estimates the costs of land degradation by region. The document provides an overview of issues related to land degradation and priorities for future research.
Deforestation refers to the removal of forests through logging, mining, and agriculture. It occurs mainly in tropical rainforests and leads to soil erosion, loss of wildlife habitat, and species extinction. Trees are cleared for economic reasons like agriculture, logging, mining, and palm oil harvesting. The effects of deforestation include loss of wildlife habitat, increased carbon dioxide and species extinction as forests play a key role in absorbing carbon and producing oxygen. While deforestation provides economic benefits, it contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and threatens the environment if not properly managed and regulated.
Participatory Forest Management (PFM) is a strategy for sustainable forest management that encourages local communities living near forests to manage or co-manage forest resources. PFM aims to involve local stakeholders in decision making for forest management. In the 1980s, governments began decentralizing natural resource management to local institutions to reduce costs, more effectively protect resources and local livelihoods, and increase local responsiveness and efficiency through community participation and skills. PFM strategies include Community Based Forest Management, where villagers fully own and manage village lands, and Joint Forest Management, where government and communities collaboratively manage government forest reserves.
The document provides information about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It summarizes that the IPCC was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization and United Nations Environment Programme to assess scientific information on climate change. It produces major assessment reports approximately every 6-7 years to inform international climate change agreements and policies. The IPCC involves thousands of experts worldwide and its reports have been instrumental in international negotiations and agreements to address climate change, including the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement.
Lesser known forest tree species used for commercial purposesatulthakur007
Forest tree species,which are not popularly known,but still they have great significance for wood based industries...They are lesser known forest tree species used for commercial purposes.
Sustainable forest management, biodiversity and carbon: The case for REDD+?CIFOR-ICRAF
This document discusses sustainable forest management, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration through REDD+. It outlines that while forest management paradigms have evolved to emphasize multiple goods and services, in practice focus remains on limited commodities like timber. Forest degradation is an ongoing problem. REDD+ could provide incentives to adopt practices that lead to sustainability by addressing governance and enforcement issues, but underlying challenges around rights, corruption, and substitution costs remain.
The document discusses ecological footprints, which measure the amount of productive land and water required to support an individual or entity's lifestyle and waste absorption. It provides data on countries' ecological footprints in global hectares per capita and deficit. The global average footprint exceeds biocapacity by 1.1 global hectares per person. Ecological footprints are estimated based on categories like carbon, food, and goods/services. They help educate about overconsumption and sustainability. Reducing footprints involves actions like using renewable energy and reducing waste and driving.
This document discusses geographic variation in trees. It begins by explaining the importance of understanding geographic variation within a species' native range for reforestation, tree improvement programs, and gene conservation. It then defines key terms used in the study of geographic variation such as provenances, seed sources, races, ecotypes, varieties, and subspecies. It also discusses concepts like clines, provenance by environment interactions, and the experimental methods used to study geographic variation, including common garden tests and genetic marker studies. Two case studies are presented, one on phenological and cold hardiness variation in western hemlock provenances, and another on allozyme variation patterns in Jeffrey pine. The document outlines both advantages and disadvantages of using genetic markers like
biodiversity, conservation and conventionsSLIDE SHARE
This document provides an overview of biodiversity, including its definition, levels, measurement, gradients, value, threats, and conservation efforts. It discusses India's biodiversity in particular, noting that India is one of 17 mega-diverse countries and contains a variety of forest and coastal ecosystems. The document also summarizes five mass extinction events and several international conventions focused on biodiversity conservation, including the Convention on Biological Diversity, CITES, CMS, and Ramsar Convention.
Drivers of deforestation and forest degradationCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Gabrielle Kissinger and Martin Herold was given on 26 November 2012 at a UNFCCC COP18 side-event in Doha, Qatar. They shared findings from a recently published global assessment on the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, as well as country experiences of dealing with them in a REDD+ context. To support SBSTA considerations on REDD+, and to support ongoing national-level REDD+ planning and implementation, the assessment explores the importance of drivers, the role of drivers in REDD+ policy development and interventions, and in developing forest reference emission levels.
The document contains technical specifications and diagrams for various optical and fiber optic components and assemblies including ALLICE, ALADDIN, fiber optic rotary joints, night vision goggles, MOMOS masks, PHILLIP night vision goggles, fiber optic cables, Rhosie imaging components, DWICLIDAR telescopes, HIPPI-3D assemblies, MIFLA components, Phase II prototypes, small spectrometers, and more. Measurements are provided for mass properties, center of gravity, moments of inertia, and radii of gyration for some components.
This document discusses research on carbon sinks in bamboo forest management. It summarizes findings from studies on bamboo forest carbon sequestration carried out since 2001. Key points include: bamboo grows very quickly and stores carbon efficiently; carbon is stored in bamboo vegetation, soil, and litter; intensive management and fertilizer can decrease soil carbon levels; carbon is transferred from bamboo forests to bamboo products that store carbon for a long time; and phytolith-occluded carbon plays an important role in soil carbon sequestration in bamboo forests.
Effects of Logging on Dead Wood HabitatOregon Wild
Thinning stands of trees reduces the accumulation of dead wood over time. Modeling shows that thinning decreases input of dead trees and lowers the cumulative amount of dead wood that builds up, even as individual dead trees decay. Several studies and environmental assessments are cited that show thinning reduces recruitment of small snags, large snags, and dead wood, and delays meeting habitat objectives for large snags and dead wood accumulation. While thinning may promote growth of large tree boles more rapidly, it provides less total volume harvested and requires artificial creation of dead wood to meet habitat goals.
The Bureau of Land Management (under G.W. Bush) adopted the Western Oregon Plan Revision which will significantly increase old growth clearcutting on public forests in western Oregon. Here is an explanation why it's a very bad idea.
This short document provides a link to a website showcasing the top 15 social awareness advertisements. Viewers are encouraged to watch the ads in full screen for the best viewing experience. The website, www.adverb-nmims.in, hosts social awareness ads ranked among the best.
Deforestation involves the clearing of natural forests through logging and burning, either to use the timber or replace the land for other uses like farming, ranching, or urban development. Since the industrial age, about half of the world's original forests have been destroyed. Deforestation occurs for timber, wood, fuel, farming land, grazing land, mining, and human settlement. It causes soil erosion, disrupts water cycles, contributes to climate change by releasing stored carbon, reduces biodiversity by destroying habitats, and lowers air and water quality. Proper control of deforestation is needed to replant trees and reduce rapid clearing and fires.
The document discusses several key drivers and pressures related to climate change, including the drifting of continents, variations in the sun's energy output, human activities that have increased greenhouse gases since the pre-industrial era, and specific human activities like fossil fuel use and deforestation that are forcing climate change. It also summarizes several impacts of climate change that have already been observed, such as rising temperatures, sea levels and effects on glaciers, oceans, and biodiversity.
British Columbia's forests play an important role in mitigating climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide during growth. B.C. practices sustainable forest management and innovation in reforestation to ensure forests continue to mitigate climate change through carbon storage in trees and wood products. Research is conducted to understand climate change impacts and adapt forest management, such as assisted migration of tree species to optimize growth under future conditions.
Cut out in Carbon Emisson is one of the most important topic amongst all the countries.This presentation emphasis on methods by which Carbon emssion can be reduce..
The document discusses several human and natural causes and effects of deforestation. Some key human causes mentioned are expanding cities, lack of farming land, and cattle pastures. Deforestation releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases stored in forests. It contributes significantly to climate change, and some countries' emissions are mostly due to deforestation. Deforestation also destroys natural habitats for many animals and can endanger species. Removing trees reduces the forest's ability to absorb carbon and participate in the water cycle.
carbon Sequestration and its method in plants ESHAASIF
CO2 is one of the main greenhouse gases that is causing global warming and forcing climate change.
The continued increased in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is believed to be accelerated by human activities such as burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.
One of the approaches to reducing CO2 Concentration in the atmosphereCARBON SEQUESTRATION
Carbon Sequestration is the placement of CO2 into a depository in such way that it remains safely and not released back to the atmosphere.
Sequestration means something that is locked away for safe keeping. the trapping of a chemical in the atmosphere or environment and its isolation in a natural or artificial storage area.
is carbon sequestration
3.3 Disturbances And A Changing EnvironmentJdccSeiki
This document summarizes the key effects of climate change that scientists are observing, including:
1) The global temperature has risen around 0.8°C in the last 100 years and is predicted to rise several degrees more in the next 100 years.
2) Sea levels have risen about 8 inches in the last 100 years and are predicted to rise 1-4 feet in the next 100 years.
3) Glaciers and polar ice caps are melting rapidly, losing over 25 cubic km per year recently, and many glaciers will disappear completely within the next few decades according to predictions.
Planet Aid Post for the Environment and for PeoplePlanet Aid
Planet Aid is dedicated to saving the Earth’s resources. Since we began operations in 1997, our recycling program has saved more than 800 million pounds of clothing from wasteful disposal, thus preventing more than 1.5 million tons of greenhouse gases from entering the atmosphere. Of course, there is still much more to do. With this issue of the Post, we sharpen our focus on climate change, which we consider the most pressing environmental challenge of our time. We hope you find the articles in this issue informative, and that they inspire you to contribute to the movement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Carbon Storage And Carbon Credits For Forest Management The Good, The Bad, An...Mike Ryan
This document discusses carbon storage and carbon credits for forest management. It covers the complexities in accurately accounting for forest carbon over different scales of space and time given natural disturbances. While retaining existing forests and planting new forests are good options, other forest management activities like thinning may not provide long-term carbon benefits due to emissions and uncertainty around leakage. International deforestation also emits a significant amount of carbon annually.
Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane trapping heat in the atmosphere, causing the earth's temperature to rise. This harms many living things and can cause death. The primary cause is carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels. The US contributes a large amount to global carbon emissions. Rising global temperatures cause sea level rise, more extreme weather, crop failures, species extinction, and damage to coral reefs. Individual actions like reducing waste, planting trees, using efficient light bulbs, biking more, and pushing for alternative energy can all help address the problem.
The document discusses sources and sinks of greenhouse gases and their contribution to climate change. It explains that the main natural greenhouse gas is water vapor, while the main human-caused one is carbon dioxide released from sources like burning fossil fuels. Forests normally act as carbon sinks by absorbing carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, but deforestation has reduced this, increasing atmospheric carbon levels. In addition to large industries, personal lifestyle choices and consumption patterns also generate significant greenhouse gas emissions through activities like waste disposal, manufacturing of disposable products, electricity use, transportation of goods, and more.
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The Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol, negotiated in December 1997, is the first major step toward implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Protocol sets targets for industrialized nations to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases over the next 10 years. It offers four means to achieve those targets: domestic action and three international market based instruments. These mechanisms work through emissions reductions or through enhancements in the ability of terrestrial ecosystems to absorb carbon. This Dialogue focuses on the Protocol s provisions to enhance the ability of terrestrial ecosystems to absorb carbon. These provisions may create incentives and financial mechanisms for more effective and...show more content...Trees are a major storehouse of carbon, because they account for a huge amount of biomass. A mature forest stores carbon in the roots, trunks, branches, and leaves of trees. As they grow, trees absorb small additional amounts of carbon from the atmosphere. At the same time, the decay of organic matter on the forest floor and in the soil emits carbon back into the atmosphere. In an old forest, these emissions are less than the absorption by the trees, so the forest ecosystem is a net carbon sink .Now suppose that the trees are harvested, after which young trees are planted. The harvested trees are converted to lumber, plywood, sawdust, paper, and other materials. Their roots now dead are left in the soil, as is some debris from the treetops. The lumber up to one half of the trees biomass may be used in home construction or furniture, and so will continue to store carbon for many years. The sawdust and paper, howeve
Providing Sustainable Solutions - The North European Forestry
Nordic-Baltic research organisations' network PROFOR workshop
10th of December 2019, Brussels
Deforestation is the permanent destruction of forests to make land available for other uses. Forests play an important role in the water and carbon cycles by absorbing and releasing water and carbon slowly over time. Removing forests disrupts these cycles. Deforestation reduces the number of trees that store carbon, allowing more carbon dioxide to remain in the atmosphere and contribute to climate change. It also destroys habitats for many living things. Common causes of deforestation include converting land to agriculture, uncontrolled fires, overharvesting of fuelwood, mining, and climate change itself.
1. The document discusses the need to reunite the UNFCCC (climate change) and CBD (biodiversity) conventions to ensure policies under both treaties work towards maintaining the biosphere's ecological integrity.
2. It notes that ecosystems store large amounts of carbon long-term and that considering biodiversity is important for carbon dynamics and resilience.
3. The key principles highlighted for integrating the conventions are focusing on cooperation not competition, recognizing biodiversity as essential to mitigation and adaptation, and prioritizing avoiding emissions by protecting forests.
This document provides an overview of Accoya wood and its sustainability advantages over traditional building materials. It discusses the current linear economy model's reliance on non-renewable materials and outlines Accoya's potential to enable a circular, biobased economy. Accoya is produced from sustainably sourced wood through an acetylation process that improves the wood's durability, stability, and resistance to decay without adding any toxic chemicals. This allows Accoya to sequester carbon over its long lifetime and be fully recyclable at end of life, fitting within a circular Cradle to Cradle model. Life cycle analyses have found Accoya to have carbon negative impacts compared to traditional materials like plastics and
While rainforests contribute little to atmospheric oxygen levels, deforestation releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the air by burning forest plants, contributing to global warming. Scientists state that tropical deforestation releases 1.5 billion tons of carbon each year. Forests also help stabilize the biosphere by extracting carbon dioxide and pollutants from the air. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide trapped underground for millions of years too quickly for plants and trees to absorb, increasing the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and causing global warming and unpredictable climate changes. Reducing fossil fuel use can help mitigate extreme weather risks.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
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Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
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Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
1. Myths & Facts… Forests, Carbon, and Global Warming Doug Heiken
2. O r e g o n W i l d (formerly Oregon Natural Resources Council) Mission : To protect and restore Oregon’s wildlands, wildlife, and water as an enduring legacy. Goal : To permanently protect roadless areas and old-growth forest ecosystems. Problem: Climate change threatens forests. Conserving forests will store carbon and help alleviate a clear threat to earth’s climate and to the forests themselves.
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4. Forests Really Are the Lungs of the Planet Watch the Planetary Biosphere Breathe Keeling Curve , http://heartspring.net/images/atmospheric_carbon_dioxide.gif
5. The Essence of Life: Constructing and Deconstructing Carbon Chains Glucose and cellulose are built through photosynthesis and broken down to CO 2 by respiration and combustion .
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7. Systems View: Input-Output Model Ecosystem Carbon Pool: Live trees, dead wood, soil, forest products Carbon Output to Atmosphere: Decomposition, respiration, combustion Carbon Input to Forest: photosynthesis, length of growing season The size of the forest carbon pool is determined by the rate of carbon input relative to output over time
19. WOOD PRODUCTS MYTH: It’s better to store carbon in wood products, rather than in forests. —————————————— Example: "Carbon stays trapped in the wood, locked in the lumber ….“* Reality: Carbon is stored more securely in long-lived forests than in short-lived wood products. * California Forests Magazine, Winter 2006, http://calforests.org/media/enhanced/Winter06-CalForest-FINAL.pdf
20. Ingerson, Ann L. 2007. U.S. Forest Carbon and Climate Change. Washington, D.C.: The Wilderness Society. Only a small fraction of forest carbon is stored in wood products. Logging transfers most of the carbon in the forest to the atmosphere as logging slash, mill waste, and processing emissions. Only 15% net storage!
24. HARVEST MYTH: Timber harvest “absorbs” carbon. Source: California Forest Products Commission. Modern Forestry & Climate Change.
25. Ingerson, Ann L. 2007. U.S. Forest Carbon and Climate Change. Washington, D.C.: The Wilderness Society. Reality: logging emits carbon. Just follow the arrows from harvest back to the atmosphere.
26. Reality: Carbon is more secure in live trees . . . rather than dead trees. Logging kills trees, stops photosynthesis, starves the soil foodweb.
27. Reality: Carbon is safer when protected by tree bark … Living trees have an arsenal of defenses that help keep carbon safe from decay, insects, and fire. rather than paint.
28. Reality: Carbon is safer in big pieces of wood Logging fragments large wood and increases surface area exposed to microbial decomposition. . . . rather than small.
29. Reducing canopy cover warms the soil surface and increases the rate of decomposition. Reality: Carbon is more secure in a cool forest . . . rather than a warm forest.
32. FIRE MYTH: Forests are not good places to store carbon because forest fires release stored carbon through combustion. ———————————— Example: “When a tree burns it releases all the carbon it previously stored.”* * California Forest Products Commission. Modern Forestry & Climate Change.
34. Some trees die … … so that others may live long and grow large. Fire is an essential ecological process that helps forests stay healthy.
35. Reality: Fires occur in limited areas for a limited time , while photosynthesis dominates everywhere else. Places that don’t burn absorb more carbon than is released by the places that do burn.
36. Reality: Fires emit far less carbon than logging. Wayburn, Laurie A., et al. 2000. Forest Carbon in the United States: Opportunities & Options for Private Lands. San Francisco: Pacific Forest Trust.
37. Reality: Most carbon remains on site after fire. Large dead trees can last for many decades.
38. Reality: Fire creates charcoal, a stable form of carbon often incorporated into the soil.
40. TROPICAL FOREST MYTH: Forests outside the tropics are unimportant, because they do not contribute significantly to global carbon storage. —————————————— Reality: Pacific NW temperate rainforests can attain the greatest biomass per acre of any ecosystem on earth. Temperate and boreal forests are very extensive and currently serve as net carbon sinks.
42. Global Forest Carbon Density Kindermann, et al. 2008. Global cost estimates of reducing carbon emissions through avoided deforestation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. July 29, 2008. vol. 105(30) pp 10302–10307. http://www.pnas.org/content/105/30/10302.full.pdf
44. ALBEDO MYTH: Forests are dark green, so they exacerbate global warming by absorbing rather than reflecting the sun's energy.
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46. Reality: The tension between albedo and carbon storage is most relevant in boreal areas where forests are replaced by snow for long periods. Albedo is not a big issue in the low elevation temperate forests of the Pacific Northwest that are green virtually all the time.
47. Reality: Forests also have a cooling effect through cloud formation. Forests transpire a lot of water and emit “cloud condensation nuclei” which helps create reflective clouds that increase albedo.
48. THE “DOOMSDAY” MYTH: Protecting forests won’t help because climate change will be so extreme, causing forests to release large amounts of carbon due to stress and disturbance. http://www.x-cd.com/mcss04/S01a.pdf
49. Forests will first … “ Green Up” Then … “ Brown Down” Fire Insects Drought Longer growing seasons Drought tolerance CO 2 fertilization Reality: Many forests may thrive before they decline .
50. The CO 2 enriched atmosphere makes some trees more drought tolerant. With more CO 2 in the air, plants quickly get their fill of carbon, then actively close their stomata which reduces water loss.
54. METHANE MYTH: Allowing wood to rot in the forest releases methane (CH 4 ) with a warming potential 23 times greater than CO 2 . ——————————— Reality: Allowing wood to rot in the forest is no worse than wood products that rot in our cities and oxygen-starved landfills.
55. SUBSTITUTION MYTH: Using more wood products reduces carbon emissions because it substitutes for carbon-intensive building materials such as steel and cement. ————————————— Reality: Substitution is speculative at best because it takes more than a century to off-set the carbon emissions caused by logging mature forests. At best, using wood slightly delays fossil fuel use.
56. Ingerson, Ann L. 2007. U.S. Forest Carbon and Climate Change. Washington, D.C.: The Wilderness Society. The alleged value of substituting wood products for steel and concrete.
57. But if we start from a native forest instead of a clearcut… It takes a very long time for substitution to off-set the carbon deficit caused by logging native forests. What discount rate do we apply?
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59. Climate change will be slow. Forests will make a smooth transition to a new equilibrium. ————————————— - Reality: Accelerating climate change will increase disequilibrium between the climate and biosphere. Reorganization of ecosystems will sometimes be rapid and chaotic. Ecosystems will disassemble and reassemble in novel ways. Holling et al. In Search of a Theory of Adaptive Change “ NO SURPRISES” MYTH:
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64. Ingerson, Ann L. 2007. U.S. Forest Carbon and Climate Change. Washington, D.C.: The Wilderness Society. The climate won’t be saved by simply saving forests … while continuing to rely on fossil fuels.