Food chain
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Plants and algae are producers that make their own food through photosynthesis. Primary consumers are herbivores that eat producers, secondary consumers are carnivores and omnivores that eat primary consumers, and tertiary consumers are carnivores and omnivores that eat secondary consumers. Decomposers like fungi and bacteria feed on the remains of dead living things.
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This document lists superlative adjectives describing size, speed, temperature and location for various objects around the world. It provides the longest, biggest, tallest, fastest, coldest and hottest examples, including the longest river (Nile), biggest animal (blue whale), tallest animal (giraffe), fastest animal (cheetah), coldest continent (Antarctica) and hottest place (Sahara Desert). Locations are also given for items like the highest mountain (Mount Everest in Asia) and smallest country (Vatican City in Europe).
Comparatives
This document provides examples of comparative adjectives that describe size, age, height, volume and speed. It lists adjective pairs such as long-short, big-small, old-young, and loud-quiet and shows how to form comparisons using "-er than" or being "faster/slower than". Examples include the Burj Khalifa being higher than the Eiffel Tower and cheetahs being faster than other animals.
Plants
The three main parts of a plant are the leaves, stem, and roots. The roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and fix the plant in place. The stem transports these nutrients from the roots to the leaves. In the leaves, photosynthesis takes place, mixing water, minerals, carbon dioxide, and sunlight to produce glucose and release oxygen.
Weather and climate
Weather is the changing atmospheric conditions from day to day, such as temperature, wind, and precipitation. Climate is the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. The factors that influence weather are temperature, humidity, wind, and precipitation, which are measured using instruments like thermometers, hygrometers, anemometers, and rain gauges. Weather changes daily but climate remains consistent over decades.
Climates in the world
There are three main climatic areas in the world: polar, temperate, and tropical. The polar climate is found at the North and South Poles and is characterized by extremely cold winter temperatures below -50°C and cool summers around 5°C. The temperate climate experiences cold winters and hot summers along with four distinct seasons. The tropical climate lies between the Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn and has year-round hot weather along with a dry and rainy season.
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