In this modern era of globalization India is growing rapidly in almost all the areas but at the same time one of the most important issues which need more attention is food safety, because food adulteration has become a major problem of our society. This research work is an attempt to study different types of food adulteration such as unintentional, metallic contaminant and incidental, its reasons, health hazards and its control measures. To adulterate food items toxic substance are added to gain profit like Metanil yellow non permitted artificial colour is used to intensify the colour of turmeric powder, chalk powder and brick powder in chili powder but its health implications can lead anaemia, paralysis, brain damage, stomach disorder and cancer also. The bacterial and fungal contaminated cereal, dairy products, fermented foods have been reported to cause certain foodborne illness and spoilage. As a solution consistency between domestic and international food policy measures without reducing safeguards to public health and consumer protection is the demand of time. The control approaches in India can lead with the help of government authorities, industries, scientific community and awareness of consumers. Beside this school education, research and development, industry and government regulatory authorities can also play a vital role. Dr. Shashikant Pardeshi "Food Adulteration: Its Implications and Control Approaches in India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26514.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/food-engineering/26514/food-adulteration-its-implications-and-control-approaches-in-india/dr-shashikant-pardeshi
Environmental issues related to food industrySalman Muhammad
Environmental issues related to food industry
including health and environmental impacts that can be caused by the products and practices of food industry.
Introduction
Environmental issues
Water Use and Water Pollution
Food Packaging
Climate/Atmospheric Change
Soil biodiversity and desertification
Waste treatment
>>>>>>>Health issues
Today’s trend
Processed food
Modern invention
Effects on health
complete references has been added for ease of furthur data collection,Thank you!
Regards:
Salman Muhammad
Environmental issues related to food industrySalman Muhammad
Environmental issues related to food industry
including health and environmental impacts that can be caused by the products and practices of food industry.
Introduction
Environmental issues
Water Use and Water Pollution
Food Packaging
Climate/Atmospheric Change
Soil biodiversity and desertification
Waste treatment
>>>>>>>Health issues
Today’s trend
Processed food
Modern invention
Effects on health
complete references has been added for ease of furthur data collection,Thank you!
Regards:
Salman Muhammad
This power point presentation is describe more information about the food additive.Presentation have a number of additive with their pictorial as well as theoretical description.
This is very knowledgeable for graduated and post graduated student.
Presentation are very strategic. I hope this is helpful for you.
This PPT has been created by the students of AKSD to share our research findings with everyone. :)
And because the other slids we have seen are boring and they also have too much writing.
For further contact:
dragson@live.com
How to Start Fish Processing Business (Salted and Pickled Fish, Smoked Fish, ...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Fish is a valuable source of high quality protein and, in the case of oily fish, fats of considerable nutritional importance. In many countries, large-scale commercial fish processing (mainly freezing for export and canning) takes place in parallel with traditional processing. The methods used by smaller enterprises remain based on traditional techniques of drying, salting, smoking and fermentation.
See more
http://goo.gl/BMQU1R
http://goo.gl/9kmtqt
http://goo.gl/g6nYOH
http://goo.gl/wgJu1r
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Best small and cottage scale industries, Book on fish processing, Business guidance for Fish Processing Business, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Entrepreneurship Development in Fish Processing, Fish and fish products, Fish and fish products being produced in Fish processing, Fish Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Fish Fillet, Fish processing, Fish processing and preservation, Fish Processing Based Profitable Projects, Fish Processing Business, Fish Processing Industry in India, Fish processing industry of India, Fish processing module, Fish processing plant, Fish Processing Projects, Fish Processing Technology, Fish Processing Technology and Product, Fish Production, Fish Production in India, Fishing industry, Frozen Seafood, Great Opportunity for Startup, How to Start a Fish Processing Business?, How to Start a Fish Production Business, How to start a successful Fish Processing Business, How to Start Fish Processing Business, How to Start Fish Processing Industry, How to Start Fish Processing Industry in India, Marine Products, Methods of fish processing, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Fish Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Fish processing industry, Processed fish, Processed fish products, Processing fish, Processing of fish, Products made from fish, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Fish Processing Business, Project for startups, Salted and Pickled Fish, Seafood processing industry, Setting up and opening your Fish Processing Business, Setting up of Fish Processing Units, Shellfish and miscellaneous marine products, Small scale Fish Processing Business production line, Small Scale Fish Processing Projects, Small Start-up Business Project, Smoked Fish, Start Up India, Stand Up India, Starting a Fish Processing Business, Start-up Business Plan for Fish Processing Business, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for Fish Processing Business, Startup project plan, Technology book of fish processing
During food processing numbers of toxicants are formed. In this presentation there is list of various toxicants formed and measures to protect the food from such toxicants.
Introduction, definition, common adulterants and diseases caused, simple tests to identify the adulterants in food products, Government acts to control the adulteration.
Seminar paper presentation on toxicology of food additives. Presented to the department of environmental health science, faculty of pure and applied sciences, kwara State University, malete, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Submitted to the department in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor degree ( Bsc) in environmental health science.
Public health is directly or indirectly affected by the food supply. Food safety is a public health
issue which has become a global problem. Since food is necessary for human survival, a food safety crisis can
cause widespread social panic and heavy casualties. Food safety has been a major concern for governments,
the food service industry, and academia. This paper provides an introduction to food safety.
These days consumers are showing keen interest in the way food is produced, processed, and marketed. The increasing globalization of the food supply chain has resulted in unprecedented interest in the development of food standards and regulations. International food trade is disrupted by frequent disputes over food safety. Food law has emerged in pieces over decades in response to food safety challenges. This paper provides a brief introduction to food law s . Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa "Food Law" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21355.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/food-engineering/21355/food-law/matthew-n-o-sadiku
This power point presentation is describe more information about the food additive.Presentation have a number of additive with their pictorial as well as theoretical description.
This is very knowledgeable for graduated and post graduated student.
Presentation are very strategic. I hope this is helpful for you.
This PPT has been created by the students of AKSD to share our research findings with everyone. :)
And because the other slids we have seen are boring and they also have too much writing.
For further contact:
dragson@live.com
How to Start Fish Processing Business (Salted and Pickled Fish, Smoked Fish, ...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Fish is a valuable source of high quality protein and, in the case of oily fish, fats of considerable nutritional importance. In many countries, large-scale commercial fish processing (mainly freezing for export and canning) takes place in parallel with traditional processing. The methods used by smaller enterprises remain based on traditional techniques of drying, salting, smoking and fermentation.
See more
http://goo.gl/BMQU1R
http://goo.gl/9kmtqt
http://goo.gl/g6nYOH
http://goo.gl/wgJu1r
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Best small and cottage scale industries, Book on fish processing, Business guidance for Fish Processing Business, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Entrepreneurship Development in Fish Processing, Fish and fish products, Fish and fish products being produced in Fish processing, Fish Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Fish Fillet, Fish processing, Fish processing and preservation, Fish Processing Based Profitable Projects, Fish Processing Business, Fish Processing Industry in India, Fish processing industry of India, Fish processing module, Fish processing plant, Fish Processing Projects, Fish Processing Technology, Fish Processing Technology and Product, Fish Production, Fish Production in India, Fishing industry, Frozen Seafood, Great Opportunity for Startup, How to Start a Fish Processing Business?, How to Start a Fish Production Business, How to start a successful Fish Processing Business, How to Start Fish Processing Business, How to Start Fish Processing Industry, How to Start Fish Processing Industry in India, Marine Products, Methods of fish processing, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Fish Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Fish processing industry, Processed fish, Processed fish products, Processing fish, Processing of fish, Products made from fish, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Fish Processing Business, Project for startups, Salted and Pickled Fish, Seafood processing industry, Setting up and opening your Fish Processing Business, Setting up of Fish Processing Units, Shellfish and miscellaneous marine products, Small scale Fish Processing Business production line, Small Scale Fish Processing Projects, Small Start-up Business Project, Smoked Fish, Start Up India, Stand Up India, Starting a Fish Processing Business, Start-up Business Plan for Fish Processing Business, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for Fish Processing Business, Startup project plan, Technology book of fish processing
During food processing numbers of toxicants are formed. In this presentation there is list of various toxicants formed and measures to protect the food from such toxicants.
Introduction, definition, common adulterants and diseases caused, simple tests to identify the adulterants in food products, Government acts to control the adulteration.
Seminar paper presentation on toxicology of food additives. Presented to the department of environmental health science, faculty of pure and applied sciences, kwara State University, malete, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Submitted to the department in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor degree ( Bsc) in environmental health science.
Public health is directly or indirectly affected by the food supply. Food safety is a public health
issue which has become a global problem. Since food is necessary for human survival, a food safety crisis can
cause widespread social panic and heavy casualties. Food safety has been a major concern for governments,
the food service industry, and academia. This paper provides an introduction to food safety.
These days consumers are showing keen interest in the way food is produced, processed, and marketed. The increasing globalization of the food supply chain has resulted in unprecedented interest in the development of food standards and regulations. International food trade is disrupted by frequent disputes over food safety. Food law has emerged in pieces over decades in response to food safety challenges. This paper provides a brief introduction to food law s . Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa "Food Law" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21355.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/food-engineering/21355/food-law/matthew-n-o-sadiku
food adulterants, detection techniques, indian laws regarding food safety, impact on consumers, farmers, commonly used adulterants in daily used commodities
The food industry comprises a complex network of activities related to the supply, consumption, and catering of food products and services. It plays a significant role in the economic development of any nation. It is one of the world's most dynamic economic sectors. This paper provides a brief introduction to food industry Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Sarhan M. Musa | Tolulope J. Ashaolu ""Food Industry: An Introduction"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23638.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/23638/food-industry-an-introduction/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Studies on the Common Preservatives and Additives and their Nutritional Value...YogeshIJTSRD
The study aims at the screening of selected preservatives and additives with respect to its nutritional values. For centuries man has treated food to prolong to its shelf life, and now a days both the natural syntactic preservatives and additives are used widely to ensure the satisfactory maintenance of the quality, quantity and safety of foods. The food preservatives and additives are selected based on the food industries and purchased and measured. Nutrition values i.e., energy, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fibre and sugar is analysed for the selective additives and preservatives. There continues to be lots of public concern about the use of food preservatives including additives leads from a perception that some of them may have undesirable effects on human body and their daily lifestyle. The absence of nutritional values in food additives and food preservatives are analysed by means of confirmatory tests. The results of these assays prove that there is no presence of nutrients in the additives and preservatives which are commonly used in south Indian food industries. Keziah Prabhu | G. Sangavi | Shaleesha A. Stanley "Studies on the Common Preservatives and Additives and their Nutritional Values used in the South Indian Food Industry" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42328.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.combiological-science/biotechnology/42328/studies-on-the-common-preservatives-and-additives-and-their-nutritional-values-used-in-the-south-indian-food-industry/keziah-prabhu
Food hygiene is fundamentally important. It plays a major role in ensuring food safety. Poor food hygiene practice can lead to food poisoning. Food premises posting poor hygiene scores as practiced in UK will su er negative economic e ects as consumers choose to eat somewhere else. Food hygiene plays a key factor in at the production, preparation, handling, storage, and distribution of food. Hygiene practices are important, particularly in lower socio economic households. This paper provides a primer on food hygiene. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa "Food Hygiene: A Primer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28076.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/28076/food-hygiene-a-primer/matthew-n-o-sadiku
A nutraceutical is a food or a part of a food stuff that provides medical or health benefits, including the avoidance and handling of diseases. The food products which are used as nutraceutical are Probiotic, Prebiotic, Dietary fiber, Omega 3 fatty acid, and antioxidants. Nutraceuticals have received significant attention due to their speculative safety, potential nutritive and therapeutic effects. Nutraceuticals are alternative to modern medicines and also provide healthy living. To avoid side effects associated with medicines, live longer expectation and to increase the health value of our diet, nutraceuticals are being preferred. They possess abundant therapeutic benefits like anti-obesity, immune enhancement, natural antioxidant, cardiovascular effects, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory effects, etc. The main constituents of nutraceuticals are nutrients, herbals and dietary supplements which assist to maintain health, function against various diseases and ensure better quality of life. The aim of this article is to provide the current knowledge about the useful information about nutraceuticals. Parvaiz Ahmad Parry | Aadil Hussain Tantray | Aadil Mustafa | Shabir Ahmad Ganie | Mr Rajan Kothari"Nutraceuticals: New Concept of Medicines" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd12970.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/12970/nutraceuticals-new-concept-of-medicines/parvaiz-ahmad-parry
Consumer Knowledge Of Food Labels Of Low Income Female Workers In Michael Okp...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Organic foods refer to products that are grown naturally or produced by methods that comply
with the standards of organic farming. They are not only environmentally friendly, they are also healthy. Many
people believe organic foods are healthier than conventional food. Today, organic foods have become very
popular and everyone wants to know about their benefits. This paper provides a brief introduction on organic
foods and their pros and cons.
ISBN publication 2 A EMPIRICAL STUDY ON CONSUMER AWARNESS AND CONSUMPTION ...Dr UMA K
Dr.UMA K “An Empirical study on consumer awareness and consumption intention towards organic products”, in the Journal of “Managing Evolving trends of Indian economy – A new outlook”, in 2-days National conference, in ISBN: 978-81-935319-2-1, organized by Tumkur University, Tumkur, held on 27th and 28th Nov 2017, pp.159-164.
Food fraud is a major problem with all food and drink businesses. It has become a global problem of increasing importance. Fraud may be regarded as the intentional misrepresentation of fact by one person or an organization. Food fraud is the deliberate alteration of food. It is widely accepted in the food industry as illegal deception for economic gain using food. The most common types of food fraud include deliberate substitution, misrepresentation or mislabeling, adulteration, stolen goods, tampering, diversion, smuggling, and concealment. All these types of fraud have the potential to seriously endanger food quality and safety. They can also cause direct or indirect threats to public health. This provides a primer on food fraud. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa "Food Fraud: A Primer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30319.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/food-science/30319/food-fraud-a-primer/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Similar to Food Adulteration Its Implications and Control Approaches in India (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD26514 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 1118
understand and create awareness to select quality food
products through this study.
1.1. Food Adulteration
The addition, replacement and removal of adulterant/other
ingredient are called adulteration the usage of adulterants
has been common in societieswith fewlegal controlsonfood
quality and poor /nonexistent monitoring by authorities,
dangerous chemicals and poisons. Food additives are not
adulterants if present within the specified limits. And
exceeded limits they become significant adulterants and can
cause serious health hazards to the consumer’s .food
adulteration are chemical substance added to processed
foods (i) to enhance /retain quality attributes such as
texture, physical properties, taste, flavor etc. (ii) to control
the spoilage and enhance shelf life of the processed foods.
The first category of food additives include Antioxidants,
emulsifiers/stabilizers, preservatives, anti-caking agents,
artificial sweeteners, bulking agents, acid regulators,
leavening agents, flavoring agents, glazing agents [1].
Adverse health effects of adulterants range from acute
symptoms such asvomiting, abdominalpain,allergy,asthma,
and headache and to even mental retardation, cardiacarrest
and cancer [6,13]. According to Dr. Poonam Khetrapaul
(2015), food adulteration is still a problem in countries of
the South East Asia region where internal food production
and distribution systems are deeply entrenched at the
community level. Examples of adulteration includes the
contamination of mustard oil with argemone oil in1998and
imported milk and infant formula with melamine in 2008.
The new adulterants include the legumes such as imported
toxic lentils marketed as local lentils, veterinary drug
residues in milk, flours made from mouldy wheat, animalfat
in bakery products and industrial contamination in
vanaspathi. Ginger is used widely in culinary practice in
India in the fresh or dry form. Dry ginger isoften coated with
blue-colored dye ultramarine blue to prevent insect
infestation. It is an inorganic pigment used as laundry
whitener [7,8].
In India, Every consumer wants togetthemaximumquantity
of a commodity for an as low price as possible. This attitude
of the consumers being coupled with the intension of the
traders as well as the manufacturertoincreasethemargin of
a profit as high as, the variable market demand permits
generates a vicious circle. Where the quantity of the
commodity gets reduced through the addition of non-
permitted foreign matter and/or removal of vital elements,
and the process is defined as adulteration [9]. Food is
adulterated to increase the quantity and make more profit.
milk is mixed with water and vanaspati is used as an
adulterant for ghee. Some of the common adulteration
practices are - ergot is mixed in cereals, chalk powder in
flour, chicory and tamarind seed powder is mixed in coffee
powder, papaya seeds in pepper, brick-powder is added to
chili powder, Metal yellow is added in turmeric for bright
color and wood powder to dhaniya powder, the list is
endless[10].
1.2. Existing and Emerging Food Safety Problems
A variety of chemical, biological and physicalhazardsarethe
major causes of food safety problems. Among these the
bacterial contaminants, environmental contaminants
including pesticide residues, mycotoxins and adulterants
have been reported to be responsible for causing large-scale
outbreaks of food poisoning and smaller incidents. These
include various “food poisonings” reportedin newspapers in
India from time to time, outbreaks of Lathyrism, epidemic
dropsy, venoocclusive disease, various mycotoxicoses and
foodborne disease due to chemical toxins [1]. Although not
all food incidents are injurious to health, nevertheless they
undermine consumer confidence in food safety and are
costly to individual companies and national economies.
Novel foods, such as unapproved varieties of genetically
modified foods (e.g. star link variety of maize) have in the
past posed problems of food allergenicity [2, 14].
1.3. Types of adulteration [11, 14, 17].
There are three types of adulteration namely:
Intentional
adulterants
Metallic
contamination
Incidental
adulterants
It includes
sand, marble
chips, stone,
mud, chalk
powder,
water,
mineral oil
and coal tar
dyes. It
causes
harmful
effects on the
body.
It includes
arsenic from
pesticides, leads
from water, and
mercury from
effluents of
chemical
industries, tin
from cans etc.
It includes pesticides
and its residues,
D.D.T and marathon
residues present on
the plant product, tin
from can droppings
of rodents, larvae in
foods. Metal
contamination with
arsenic lead,
mercury. Rodents
and excreta, bodily
secretions and
spoilage through
microorganisms.
1.3.1. Examples of common Food Adulteration in
different food commodities:-
Now a day several reports were accounted in various food
items such as milk spices, ghee, and oil and fats. In India
normally the contamination/adulteration in food is done
either for financial gain or due to carelessness and lack in
proper hygienic condition of processing, storing,
transportation and marketing. However, adequate
precautions taken by the consumer at the time of purchase
of such produce can make him alert to avoid procurementof
such food .it is equally important for the consumer to know
the common adulterants and their effect on health.
Adulteration most often includes artificial colours, sand,
marble chips, stones, mud, another filthy material talc,chalk
powder, water, mineral oil, vegetableoil argemoneseeds etc.
There are various techniques to detect the adulterants such
as a chemical method or with the help of sensitive
instruments.
Generally, food security for the urban people is closely
related to many factors like their age, religion,maritalstatus,
economic status, scarcity of clean water for cooking,
drinking, washing lack hygienic aspects, due to lack of
awareness and improper sanitation in food preparation has
a great impact on health. Besides this, bad practices, poor
hygiene environments and lack of awareness lead to the
spread of various communicable diseases via the food
system. Table 1 shows the common food adulteration found
in different food commodities [6-9].
According to the annual report of FSSAI, the percentage of
adulterated samples has reached 23.3% (2016-17) from
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD26514 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 1119
12.8% (2011-12) are shown in Table 2 [16]. In India,
generally, it is the responsibility of the female homemakers
to buy and prepare the food for the family. Thus in a country
like India, the awareness of female homemakers regarding
food adulteration is very important. They can play a very
important role in eliminating the problem of adulteration as
generally female homemakers used to buy the foodstuff for
home [17].
Table 2: FSSAI Laboratory Testing Reports on Food Adulteration [16]
Sr. No Year
Sample
analyzed
%adulterated/
Misbranded
No. of Cases Launched
Criminal/ Civil
Penalties in
(Rs lakhs)*
1 2012-13 69949 14.8 5840 525
2 2013-14 72200 18.7 10235 734
3 2014-15 70688 19.7 13679 1099
4 2015-16 65057 21.79 14179 2101
5 2016-17 60671 23.28 14130 1480
Source FSSAI
Fig1: Fssai sample analyzed, adulterated, penalties during 2012-2017 in India
1.4. Reasons of food adulterations [11, 19]
A food article (product) would be considered adulterate due to anyone from the following reasons-
A. If the product sold by a vendor is not of nature, substance or quality demandedbythepurchaseror whichitpurportstobe.
B. If the product offered contains any substance or if it is soprocessed as to injuriously affectitsnature, substance,orquality.
C. If any inferior or cheaper substance has been substituted wholly or partly in the product, or any natural constituent has
been wholly or partly abstracted from it, to affect its quality.
D. If the product had been prepared, packed, or kept under unsanitary conditions, has become contaminated, injurious to
health or is unfit for human consumption.
E. If the container of the product is composed of any poisonous or deleterious substancewhich rendersitscontentsinjurious
to health.
F. If the product contains any prohibited colouring matter, preservatives, or contains any permitted colouring matter or
preservative in excess of the prescribed limits.
G. If the quality or purity of the product falls below the prescribed standard, or its constituents are present in proportions
other than those prescribed, whether or not rendering it injurious to health.
1.4.1. Another reason for food adulteration [8]
The causes of adulteration may be as follows
A. Increase the value of commercial attributes/characteristics of the products.
B. Sometimes adulteration, even though nothazardous,may lead tosevere contaminationissues, e.g.sprayingof water on dry
chilies to cope with excess weight loss may lead to Aflatoxins.
C. Blending is not adulteration, unless origin of the product is significant
D. When supply is less than demand, to earn more profits.
E. Shortage of authentic ingredients at affordable prices
F. Inadequate knowledge on the consequences and associated food safety risks.
G. Lack of awareness and updating of the information on the adulteration related food safety outbreaks.
H. Availability of too many products in the market
I. Poor buying practices of consumers.
J. Consumer mentality of bargaining,
K. Consumer psyche.
L. Availability of adulterants.
Now a day, “Adulteration is health menace”. Thus, food adulteration takes many forms: mixing, substitution, abstraction,
concealing the quality sale of decomposed foods and using false labels. The Indian consumer has become accustomed to live
with adulteration. Even educated consumers do not pay attention to the menace of adulteration. Many of the spices, ready to
eat ground masalas and commonly used products are found contaminated/adulterated. The adulterationprobleminIndiahas
attained massive dimensions and some common Food Adulteration in different food commodities are shown in Table 1.
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD26514 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 1120
Table 1 Common Food Adulteration in different food commodities [4, 12, and 19]
Sr.
No.
Food stuff Adulterants Health Hazard
1 Milk
Water, skim milk, neutralizers, calcium hydroxide, sodium
bicarbonate/carbonate, sodium pyrophosphate, urea,
Vanaspati, Starch, Detergent, invert sugar/glucose,
synthetic milk, ammonium sulphate, hydrogen peroxide,
boric acid, removal of fat, sodium chloride, melamine
(resin).
Indigestion kidney
stone and renal
failure in
children(melamine in
milk)
2 Khoa, Chhana, ice-cream
Starch, substandard fat, non permitted colour ,blotting
paper, vanaspati/margarine,
Toxic
3 Butter
Mashed potatoes, other starches, vanaspati
/oleomargarine/lard
Economic loss
4 Ghee Vegetable oil, cheaper animal fat Economic loss
5 Edible oil (vegetable oil )
Cheaper oil, linseed in mustard oil, coconut oil with ghee,
argemone Mexicana oil, white mineral oil, prohibited
colour, castor oil, mineral oil, Karanja oil, Neem oil.
Erythema, epidemic
dropsy, hepatitis
odema (skin and
liver disease
6 Vanaspati Cheaper fat ,groundnut, cottonseed and linseed oil Economic loss
7 Coffee powder
Mug dad coffee (senna occidentalis) ,roasted powder of
wheat, gram, date seed, chicory and tamarind husk,
corched persimmon stone powder
Economic loss
8 Tea dust leaves
Artificial colour, tea wastes, gram husk, coffee husk,
cashew nut endosperm, by product of leather industry,
tamarind seed powder, sawdust, exhausted tea, chicory
powder, iron filling
Cancerous
9
Soft drink alcoholic and
other beverages, fruit
products
Non permitted colour, Artificial sweeteners as saccharin,
dulcin
Toxic /carcinogenic
10 Chilies powder
Sawdust, brick powder, non permitted colour, salt, talc
powder
Toxic
11 Turmeric powder
lead chromate, foreign starch, common salt, husks, earthy
matter, Metanil Yellow, Other aniline dyes (Non permitted
colour)
Cancerous,
carcinogenic
12
Dal whole and spilt pulses
(Food grains)
Dust, pebble, stone, straw, weed seeds, damaged grain,
weevil led grain, hidden insects, rodent hair &excreta,
kernel bunt, ergot (bajra), khesari dal, clay ,gravels, webs,
non -permitted colour
Toxic, Incurable
paralysis
13 Maida, suji (rawa)
Resultant Atta, cheaper flour, boric acid, sand, soil, insects,
webs, lumps, iron fillings ,rodent hair and excreta, excess
bran, chalk powder,
Abdominal pain
14 Asafoetida
Soap stoner, or other earthy material, starch, foreign
resin,Other resin Colophon residue obtained after the
distillation of turpentine oil.
Abdominal pain
15 Jaggery
Chalk powder, sugar solution, sodium carbonate, washing
soda, non permitted colour.
Economic loss
16 Cinnamon Cassia bark of chichi dalchini
17 Cumin seeds Grass seeds colored with charcoal dust
18 Saffron Dried tendrils of maize cob Economic loss
19 Iodized salt Common salt, white powdered Abdominal pain
20 Whole spices
Dirt, dust, straw ,insect, damaged seeds ,other seeds,
rodent hair and excreta
Economic loss
21 Black pepper
Papaya seeds, light black pepper, coated with mineral oil,
black pinheads
Economic loss
22 Cloves Volatile oil extracted Exhausted or De-oiled Cloves. Economic loss
23 Dhania powder Starch, cow dust or horse dung, powder, sawdust
Micrological
toxication
24 Pithi sugar
Washing soda, chalk powder, yellow colour(non permitted
)
Economic loss
25 Wine Diethelyne glycol Toxic
26 Honey
High Fructose corn syrup, sucrose, invert sugar, cane
sugar solution, gur, starch, glucose, wax, water.
Economic loss
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD26514 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 1121
Bacterial and fungal contaminant
1
Cereal products, custards,
sauces
Bacillus cereus
Nausea, vomiting,
abdominal pain,
diarrhea
2
Meat and meat products,
egg and egg products ,raw
vegetables, salads
Salmonella spp.
Fever and chills
(Salmonellosis)
3
Milk, potato, beans,
poultry, shrimp, moist
mixed foods
Shigella sonnel
Bacillary dysentery
(Shigellosis)
4
Fermented food, canned
foods, meats, smoked
packed fish etc.
Clostridium botulinum
Double vision,
muscular paralysis,
5
Dairy products, baked
foods, meat and meat
products, frozen foods etc
Staphylococcus aureus
Vomiting, abdominal
cramp, diarrhea,
serve thirst,
prostration
6
Groundnut and
cottonseed
Aflatoxins (Aspergillus flavus contamination)
Liver damage and
cancer
7 Bajra, rye meal, bread Ergot alkaloids
Itching of skin,
Ergotism, peripheral
gangrene
8 Yellow rice Fusarium,Rhizopus,Aspergillus Toxins Mouldy rice disease
The practices like in-process quality control rather than
product testing, compliance rather than prosecution,
compounding of minor/technical violation, high Power
Screening Board to examine cases before prosecution,
Periodic quality audits of food factories, etc. were also
observed by the commission. It is interesting to note that
FSSA, 2006 is mainly based on the recommendations of the
member secretary of the Law Commission [2].
2.1. Food Safety Standards and Acts2006(34of2006),
Rules 2008, Regulations 2011
Government of India, held extensive deliberations and
approved the proposed integrated food laws with certain
modifications. the integrated food laws has been named as
“food safety and standards bill 2005 and this bill enacted by
parliament and known as food safety and standards Act
2006, Rules 2011and Regulations2011“.(34of 2006)on23rd
August 2006. An act to consolidate the laws relating to food
and to establish the food safety and standards authority of
India for laying down science -basedstandardsforarticles of
food and regulate their manufacture ,storage, distribution,
sale and import, to ensure availabilityof safeand wholesome
food for human consumption and for matters connected
therewith or incidental thereto.
Food safety and standards Act 2006 includes 101 sections,
first and second schedule ,various Regulations, definition of
food, unsafe food under section 3(zz),standard,substandard
,Adulterant, contaminants, extraneous matter, food
additives, hazard identification ,hazard characterization
,claim, consumer etc. are taken from codex, food authority,
establishment of the scientific panel and committees, food
safety audit, Misbranding food, unsafe food, risk analysis,
risk assessment, communication management, Food safety
management system, Provisionforfoodrecall,improvement
notice, Surveillance, New enforcement structure, Envisages
large network of appropriate recognition and accreditation
of food laboratories from national accreditation board for
laboratories, Food Safety Appellate Tribunal a new justice
dispensation system for fast track Disposal of cases, graded
punishment, mandatory standardization for food
Harmonization of domestic standards with International
food Standards, covering Health Foods etc. The main
features of the Act are to establish an integrated line of
control and response, decentralization of licensing, single
reference point, self-compliance, making the business food
operators to ensure the quality at all the stages and the act
claims to be contemporary, comprehensive, and having
standards based on science and transparency [2,13,19].
3. Control approaches and future requirements for
food Adulteration control and food safety [15, 18,
and 19]
Establishment of food safety policy provides guidance as to
the appropriate level of protection and the scope of the food
safety. While establishing food safety policy, it should be
carried through an open and transparent process. Increased
transparency also protects the interests of consumers, as
well as of trading partners. The local regulatory
bodies/authorities have limitations and been ineffective
even though the regulations have been tightened recently
after the enactment of FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards
Authority of India).and also to drawing experts on food
safety from Government(localgovernment,state and central
regulatory agencies) industry, consumer organization,
academia, professional societies, representatives of farmers
including dairy, fishery, animal husbandry and other food
producers, food processors, manufacturers, distributors,
consumer groups, public health community, health care
providers, trade associations, media). Itispossibletocontrol
the food adulteration and food safety through proper
pproaches by statutory and regulatory authorities;industry,
scientific community and consumers i.e. end users.
3.1. Statutory and regulatory authorities (FSSAI)[11,
18, 19]
Some of the initiatives schemes are establishment of mega
Food Park, integrated cold chain facilities, modernizing
abattoirs, upgrading food testing and quality control
laboratories, upgrading hygiene and quality of street foods,
more focus on developing quality and safety standards of
food products, organizing awareness programmes on food
6. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD26514 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 1122
safety and quality also launching postage stamp to
commemorate food safety and quality. The followingarethe
points for the control approaches of food safety and food
adulteration.
1. Shifting the primary responsibility for food safety to
industry
2. By adopting a “production-to-consumption” approach to
food control
3. By giving industry more flexibility in implementation of
controls
4. By ensuring the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of
government control functions
5. Increasing the role of consumers in decision making
6. Recognizing the need for expanded food monitoring
7. Epidemiologically based food source attribution
8. Adopting a more “integrated” approach toworkingwith
related sectors (such as animal and plant health)
9. Adopting risk analysis as an essential discipline to
improve food safety.
10. Integrated approach throughout the food chain
involving all the stake holders, statutory and regulatory
authorities, industry, scientific community.
11. Through regular updates of information regarding
reported outbreaks of food safetyissues pertaining to
adulteration.
12. Stipulating the practically feasible rules, requirements
and regulations on the adulterantsand updatingthemat
regular intervals.
13. Stringent monitoring of the implementation.
14. Regular interactions with the industry to understand
their concerns.
15. Central agency is facilitating and coordinating work
across all stakeholders as well as providing supportand
encouraging the sharing of best practices.
16. Successful implementation of policy programme
throughout the country uniformly would ensure safe,
hygienic and quality food both for domestic
consumption and for export.
17. Regular need of value addition byfood processingwhich
is much required for agricultural development, need for
uniformity of standards, uniformity of quality,
uniformity of regulations.
3.2. Industry
1. To feel more ethical and moral responsibility as food
business operator to supply and serve wholesome food
to the society.
2. Regular update on the process and allergen related
outbreaks in the world.
3. Risk assessment (probability, severity) for all the
ingredients, additives and processing aids and
processing techniques with respective to adulteration.
4. Frequent testingof vulnerableingredients,additivesand
processing aids for positive clearance withrespectiveto
allergens.
5. Third party auditing of the process to identify existing
and probable lacunae of the system.
3.3 Scientific community
1. To develop validated simple, quick and authentic test
procedures to a can the ingredients additives and
processing aids for positive clearance
2. To share the knowledge with the statutory bodies and
industry.
3. Popularization of food safety concept through mass
media (food safety, quality and hygie literacy
movement).
4. Increased education of producers, processors and
consumers through food inspectors.
5. Strengthening educational opportunities for
stakeholders such asfood inspectors,cateringpersonnel
to acquire knowledge on food safety through Open
University education system.
6. Strengthening of infrastructure on food safetyincluding
Legal frame work and support structures.
7. Introduction and implementation of effective food
labelling
8. Harmonize with international regulations but keep
national interests in mind.
9. Emphasis on enforcement of regulations including
stricter vigilance of imported foods.
10. Strong involvement of state governments in
implementation with uniformandeffectiveenforcement
in various states.
11. Greater involvement of rural sector is foodsafetyissues.
12. Creation of food safety related jobs especially in the
rural sector.
13. Harmonising relevant sector policies such as food
security and nutrition policy, food processing policy etc
with food safety policy.
14. Fixing clear responsibilities.
15. Sound and continuous research base to investigate new
food borne diseases, inovate methods of detection of
adulterants, contaminants, and carry out risk
assessments of existing and emerging problems e.g.
genetically modified foods.
16. Hazard analysis criticalcontrolpoint(HACCP) measures
relevant to each sector are identified after a carefully
study and implemented rather than purely relying only
on obtaining certificates
17. Food safety prevention programmes are introduced at
the food production, processing and distribution chain.
18. Guidance to stakeholders for implementation of
preventive food safety measures needs to be provided.
19. Preparation of specific guidelines for Good agricultural
practices (GAP), Good manufacturing practices (GMP),
Good hygienic practices (GHP), (GVP), and (GTP)
relevant to local scenario is essential.
20. Provide technical support to the key personnel in the
use of non-regulatory options such as guidelines, advice
and education. A mechanism for its dissemination
among thestakeholders needs to be developed.
21. Potential food hazards can be minimized along the food
chain through the application of good practices.
22. Identification of key personnel at the grass rootlevelfor
implementing the food safety preventive measures is
essential.
3.4. Consumers/End users
1. Proper understanding of the adulteration issues.
2. To know difference between the natural and aesthetic
attributes [texture, appearance and taste] of foods and
accepting the natural ones to the extent possible.
3. To know the common adulterants their effect on health.
4. To educate and alert them on safe consumption of food
articles as well as for their good health.
5. The codex and the committees have suggested
confidence building measures among the consumers.
7. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD26514 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 1123
6. To know the provision for compensating the consumer
who gets any injury or incur any health hazard, along
with the penalty or punishmentgiven tothe perpetrator.
4. RECOMMENDATIONS
1. In developing countries, adequate laws, funding and
staffing should be appeared to control Challenges
2. Different stakeholders should play great role todevelop
appropriate sampling programs based on statistical
validity and sound sampling methodologies
3. Further study should be conducted on quantification of
adulterants and
4. Effective analytical techniques to detect frauds must be
there.
5. Proper food laws should be formulated by the
government and rigid testing procedures should be
adopted for standardizing the food products. Low
quality products should be completelyeradicatedbythe
government.
6. Manufacturers these days are largely focused on
increasing the profit and they care least about the
wellbeing of the consumers. This attitude among the
producers should be avoided and they work on the
principles involving business ethics.
7. It is mandatory that the wholesalers choose quality
products and stock them under clean and hygienic
environments.
8. Retailers should choose wisely and purchase the best
quality products. Since they are the closest channel to
the consumers and they should take the initiative and
suggests them the best products.
9. Consumers being the ultimateusersof thefoodproducts
should be fully aware of the adulteration practices that
are prevalent among a large number of manufacturers.
They should educate themselves with the standardizing
techniques and select products with the AGMARK
symbol.
10. The consumer should avoid buying food from places
which do not maintain proper hygiene conditions. Both
Local and branded food stores should be inspected by
government bodies.
5. Conclusions.
Adulterants in food articles can decrease quality of food and
as a result these adulterated food articles can affect our
health very dangerously. Adulteration cause many diseases
like cancer, Lathyrism, liver disease, cardiac failure, kidney
diseases, and nervous system related disease. Now a day’s
edible oils are adulterated by using argemone oil that can
cause of very dangerous disease ‘Epidemic dropsy’. All the
food articles like milk and milk products, vegetable oils,
ghee, spices and condiments, beverages like coffee, tea etc
are adulterated from many ways. Many efforts or rules have
been initiated by the Government but still more efforts are
needed in this direction. To achieve food safety, the public
health sector must play a crucial role in building a
community of various stakeholders and partners, whoshare
common goals and responsibilities for the betterment of
consumer and school education, science and research,
agriculture and fishery, tourism, trade, industry as well as
regulatory authorities.
6. References
[1] Bhat (2004).,Bhat, R.V. Food safety-Overview. Paper
presented at Regional training-cum- workshoponfood
safety organized by Dept. of Foods and Nutrition, The
MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, India,
[2] Pardeshi (2012),S. Pardeshi,Food safetystandards and
Acts 2006 (34 of 2006), Rules 2008 and Regulations
2011- review, Journal of science, Technology and
Management ,Tiruvalla Pathanamthitta, Kerala,India
ISSN No.0974-8334,V.5(1 ).55-59.
[3] Park (2007),Park.k, Preventive and Social Medicine,
M/S Banarasi Banot, Jabalpur , 526.
[4] Sitaram (2003)., Sitaram dixit, “Identifying common
food Adulterations “,consumer Guidance society of
India.
[5] Sudershan et al (2009)., R.V. Sudershan, Pratima Rao
and Kalpagam Polasa .,Food safety research in India: a
review,AsianJournalofFood andAgro-Industry.,2(03),
412- 433.
[6] Alauddin(2012), Alauddin S. 2012. Food adulteration
and society, JCIRA,1(7): 3-5.
[7] Poonam (2015), LakshmiKhetrapaulSingh, From Farm
to Plate Make Food Safe, World Health Day Message
accessed on
www.searo.who.int/mediacentre/features/2015/rds
in.
[8] Abbot(2015), Abbot Kramer, Quality of Food, Article
accessed on www.webzeest.com/article/2428/ in
[9] Arvind(2014), Arvind Gupta, FoodAdulterationArticle
accessed on
http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/vp-
food-adulteraion.
[10] Lakshmi (2012), Lakshmi V. Food Adulteration,
International Journal of Science
Inventions Today. 1(2), 106-113.
[11] Anita et al (2012),Anita Singh, Sheelendra M Bhatt,
Shuchi Rai Bhatt ,Food Adulteration and practices in
urban Area of Varanasi, NationalJournalof Community
Medicine, 3(4), 581- 88.
[12] Bhat (2003), Bhat R V.,Food quality and safety hazards
in India: The way ahead 30th Kamlapuri Sabharwal
Lecture, Published by Department of Food and
Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi,
Delhi,32.
[13] FSSA 2006 (2014).,Food safety and standards Act
2006, Rules 2008, Regulations 2011, 8th edition ,
Professional book publishers, New Delhi, India.
[14] JPR (2004), Joint Parliamentary Report on Pesticide
Residue, Govt. of India, New Delhi, India.
[15] Nidhi et al (2009), Nidhi Gupta and Priti Panchal,
Extent of Awareness and Food Adulteration Detection
in Selected Food Items Purchased by Home Makers,
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 8 (5): 660-667.
[16] FSSAI, Annual report Food Safety and Standards
Authority of India (FSSAI). Retrieved from-
fssai.gov.in/home/FSSAI-Annual-Reports.html.
(Retrieved on- 02/03/2018).
[17] Khapre et al (2011),Khapre MP, MudeyA,Chaudhary S,
Wagh V, Dawale A. Buying practices and prevalence of
adulteration in selected food items in a rural area of
Wardha district: a cross-sectionalstudy. OnlineJournal
of Health and Allied Sciences, 10(3).
[18] Vasireddi (2013).,VasireddiS.P. Food Adulterationand
Control Mechanism, Workshop on Food Defence
Awareness for Food BusinessOperators and Exporters,
Hyderabad.
[19] WWW.FSSAI.GOV.IN.