Environmental issues related to food industry including health and environmental impacts that can be caused by the products and practices of food industry. Introduction Environmental issues Water Use and Water Pollution Food Packaging Climate/Atmospheric Change Soil biodiversity and desertification Waste treatment >>>>>>>Health issues Today’s trend Processed food Modern invention Effects on health complete references has been added for ease of furthur data collection,Thank you! Regards: Salman Muhammad

1. ENVIRONMENTALAND HEALTH
ISSUES RELATED TO FOOD
INDUSTRY

2. Group # 4 (Members):
 Sana Sarwar
 Bareera Shafique
 Salman Muhammad
 Hafsa Waqar
 Tooba Khalid
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3. Content list:
Environmental issues
 Introduction
 Environmental issues
 Water Use and Water Pollution
 Food Packaging
 Climate/Atmospheric Change
 Soil biodiversity and desertification
 Waste treatment
Health issues
 Today’s trend
 Processed food
 Modern invention
 Effects on health
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4. Introduction:
 Food Industry:
 The role of food processing is to convert raw materials (fruit,
vegetables, milk, cereals, etc.) into food products fit for human
consumption.
 Major inputs:
 Water
 Energy
 Raw material
 Meat Industory
 Fish and sea food industry
 Fruits and vegetable industry
 Dairy industry
 Baking industry
Types of food processing industries
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6. Environmental Issues
 Food industry have many environmental and health
concerns.
 Food industry affect the environment in two ways
 Directly – like pollution and energy consumption
 Indirectly - desertification and biodiversity related issues.
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7. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT OF FOOD
INDUSTRY
 Water Use and Water Pollution
 Climate/Atmospheric Change
 Energy consumption and wastage
 Food Safety and Biotechnology
 Use of Chemicals
 Soil Bio- diversity in Agricultural Food Production
 Desertification
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8. 1.0 Environmental Issues:(industrial
waste)
 In Food Industry during food production ,processing and
handling different types of wastes from different industries
have impact on the environment . These types of wastes
have
 Large amount of organic material
 High Nitrogen Concentration
 High suspended particles
 High (BOD) and (COD)
 High variations in pH
A. Wastes
a. Energy
b. Water
c. Solid waste
d. Waste from packaging
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9. 1.0 Environmental Issues:
1.1 Water Related isuues:
 Water pollution
 Rapid depletion of oxygen
 Damage to aquatic life
 Sludge deposition
 Misuse of potable water
 Food wastage means wastage of
all the related resources
5-9 litre of water is used to
process one litre of milk other
than the water needed for its
production
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11. 1.2 Atmospheric Pollution:
 Climate change Due to Green house
gas emission
 Consumption of natural resources
 Agriculture is the single largest contributor of ammonia
pollution as well as emitting other nitrogen compounds.
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12. 1.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES:
 1.3 Food Packaging
Soil degradation
Water pollution
Sharp reduction of scarce resources (forests)
Solid waste pollution
Toxic chemical pollution.
It seriously affected the sustainable development of
resources and environment.
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13. Some facts about Packaging
 Degradable Plastic:
 High price
 React with content
 Take certain time to degrade
 Compostable and biodegradable
 Packaging is a reasonable option
170 kg per capita packaging
materials are consumed
annually in western europe
Up to of
packaging in a
shopping basket can’t
be recycled. It is sent to
landfills
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14. 1.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES:
 1.4 Climatic Change
 The major concern is the emission of Green house Gases
 There is a two way relationship:
 Food industry causes climatic changes
and air pollution
 In return they affect the food production
negatively
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17. 1.0 Environmental Issues(indirectly effects):
1.5 Biodiversity
 GMO’s, Pesticides,
herbicides and inorganic
fertilizers induce
 Resistance in pest
 Interfere with the structure
and efficiency of bacteria
in soil,
 Affect the soil's ability to
decompose organic matter.
1.6 Desertification can
be caused by:
 Overgrazing
 Urbanization,
 Climate change.
 Overdrafting of
groundwater,
 Deforestation.
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18. Waste Treatment And Environment:
 ENERGY:
 Development of energy-efficient equipment designs.
 Regeneration is employed in processes such as milk
pasteurization to accomplish considerable energy savings.
 Waste Water Treatment:
 Water reuse
 Regeneration recycling
 Regeneration use
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21. Solid Waste:
 Waste streams are often further processed in order to
remove all valuable components prior to discharge.
 Conversion of waste to energy
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22. health issues related
to food consumption

23. Today’s trend
 Modern food processing has grown into a large industry
with revenue of hundreds of billions of dollars.
 The effect of food processing industry on health have
raised concerns over the decades.
 To meet increasing food demands industries don’t pay any
attention on human health.
 More processing means more profits, but typically makes
food less healthy.
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24. Processed FOOD
 High in sugar and high-fructose corn syrup
 Engineered for overconsumption
 Contain artificial ingredients
 Preservatives: Chemicals that prevent the food from rotting.
 Colorants: Chemicals that are used to give the food a specific color.
 Flavor: Chemicals that give the food a particular flavor.
 Texturants: Chemicals that give a particular texture.
 People can become addicted to junk food
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25.  Often high in refined carbohydrates
 Low in nutrients than pure food
 Low in fiber
 Require less time and energy to digest
 Often high in trans fats
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26. modern interventions commonly used in the food
industry are
 Genetic engineering
 Pesticides
 Antibiotics
 Hormones
 Food additives
 As well as their possible detrimental effects on the
human body
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27. Effect of unhealthy food on health
 Heart Disease
 Lower Back Pain
 Depression
 Dietary Risks
 High Blood Pressure
 High cholesterol level
 Dental caries
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28. Hypertension
 Hypertension (high blood pressure) means that blood
pressure is continually higher than the recommended level
 Hypertension increases the risk of developing stroke or heart
risk factors
 Drink too much alcohol
 Eat too much salt
 Drink too much coffee
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29. Heart disease
 Narrowing of the blood vessels to the heart.
 This reduces the flow of blood to the heart.
 Heart disease is the major cause of premature death
 Leading cause of ill health
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30. Risk factors
 increasing salt intake
 increasing oily fish intake
 increasing saturated fat intake
 Over weight
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31. Cholesterol
 Cholesterol is a type of fat that is needed to make
cells in the body function properly.
 It is produced in the liver
 Also obtained from the diet.
 High levels of cholesterol in the blood increase the
risk of CHD.
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32. Risk factors
 Diet rich in saturated fats
 In-soluble fibre
 Trans fats found in some fried foods, packaged
snacks and stick margarine raise cholesterol.
 If eating too much fat raises risk of endometrial,
breast, prostate and colorectal cancers.
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33. Diabetes
 Diabetes develops when the body cannot use glucose
properly and as a result there can be high levels of glucose in
the blood if the condition is not controlled.
 Cause a number of serious problems over time (e.g.
blindness, kidney failure).
 High risk of developing heart disease.
 Types
 Type 1 diabetes
 Type 2 diabetes
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34. Risk factors
 White Bread, Pasta and Rice.
 White bread, rice and pasta are high-carb, processed foods.
 Eating bread, bagels and other refined-flour foods has been
shown to significantly increase blood sugar levels in people
with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
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35. Dental caries
 Also known as tooth decay
 Occurs when acids in the mouth dissolve the outer layer of the
teeth.
Risk factors
 Consuming food and drink high in carbohydrates (in particular
sugary foods and drinks) causes acid production to occur.
 Chewing gum
 Some artificial sweeteners have been shown not to contribute to
toothy decay,
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36. Conclusion:
 In conclusion, food industry is not only providing
food but have certain detrimental effects on
environmental and health which can be reduced by
efficient and safe use of resources, proper waste
treatment and minimal processing.
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37. References:
 https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2973/239c0ea48a8c0fd43fc630
b89b905854e8b3.pdf.
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0023h64389g5
900004
 https://docplayer.net/5638638-Environmental-impacts-of-food-
production-and-consumption.html
 https://foodsecurityfoodjustice.com/2016/12/26/food-
packaging-and-environment-problems-and-solutions/
 http://greencleanguide.com/infographic-facts-and-statistics-
about-packaging-waste-in-uk/
 http://cc.oulu.fi/~pongracz/Licthes/ch4.htm
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38. References:
 https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-
desertification.php
 https://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c07/e5-17-02-03.pdf
 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Water-quantity-and-quality-
requirements-for-selected-processes-in-food-production_tbl6_222599891
 https://foodsecurityfoodjustice.com/2016/12/26/food-packaging-and-
environment-problems-and-solutions/
 https://www.businessinsider.com/the-top-10-foods-with-the-biggest-
environmental-footprint-2015-9
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305175/figure/fig_3-
2/?report=objectonly
 https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318630.php
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