Flowcharts are diagrams that represent algorithms or processes through boxes and arrows. They help visualize processes and aid understanding. There are different types for documenting processes, data flows, systems, and programs. Standard symbols include ovals, rectangles, diamonds, and lines to denote starts/ends, processes, decisions, and logic flow. Flowcharts help with communication, analysis, documentation, coding, and debugging. Limitations include complexity, alterations, and losing the essentials in technical details.

1. PRESENTATIO
N ON
FLOWCHARTS
Made by:
Simranjit Singh
CSE-2nd Shift
115360

2. FLOW CHART
• An flow chart is a type of diagram
that represents an algorithm or
process, showing the steps as boxes
of various kinds and their order by
connecting these with arrows.

3. USES….
• Flow chart are used in designing and
documenting complex processes.
• Like other types of diagrams, they
help to visualize what is going on and
thereby help the viewer to
understand the process.

4. TYPES…
• Document flowcharts, showing control
over a document-flow over a system.
• Data flowcharts, showing control over
a data-flow in a system.
• System flowcharts showing control at a
physical or resource level.
• Program flowchart, showing the
controls in a program within a system.

5. Flowchart Symbols…
Name Symbol Use in Flowchart
Oval Denotes the beginning or end of the program
Parallelogram Denotes an input operation
Rectangle Denotes a process to be carried out
e.g. addition, subtraction, division etc.
Diamond Denotes a decision (or branch) to be made.
The program should continue along one of
two routes. (e.g. IF/THEN/ELSE)
Hybrid Denotes an output operation
Flow line Denotes the direction of logic flow in the program

6. SYMBOLS
• TERMINATOR: An oval flowchart shape
indicating the start or end of the process.
• PROCESS: An rectangular flowchart shape
indicating a normal process flow step.
• DECISION: A diamond flow chart shape indication
a branch in the process flow.
• CONNECTOR: A small, labeled circular flow chart
shape used to indicate a jump in the process flow.
• DATA: A parallelogram that indicates data input or
output ( I/O) for the process.
• DOCUMENT: Used to indicate a document or
report.

7. DATA FLOW
EXTENSIONS…
• A document represented as a rectangle with
a wavy base.
• A manual input represented by a
quadrilateral.
• A data file represented by a cylinder.
• A manual operation represented by a
trapezoid.

8. ADVANTAGES…
• COMMUNICATION.
• EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS.
• PROPER DOCUMENTATION.
• EFFICIENT CODING.
• PROPER DEBUGGING.

9. LIMITATIONS…
• COMPLEX LOGIC.
• ALTERATIONS AND
MODIFICATIONS.
• THE ESSENTIALS OF WHAT IS DONE
CAN EASILY BE LOST IN THE
TECHNICAL DETAILS OF HOW IT IS
DONE.

10. LAMP FLOWCHART…

11. A flowchart representing
for computing factorial…

12. Flow chart showing driving to
a goal…

13. Flow chart for finding
out the largest of 3
numbers…

14. Flowchart to find the
sum of first 50 natural
numbers…

15. Example…
START
Input
M1,M2,M3,M4
Step 1: Input M1,M2,M3,M4
Step 2: GRADE ← (M1+M2+M3+M4)/4
Step 3: if (GRADE <50) then
GRADE←(M1+M2+M3+M4)/4 Print “FAIL”
else
Print “PASS”
N Y
endif
IS
GRADE<50
PRINT
PRINT “FAIL”
“PASS”
STOP

16. EXAMPLE…

17. EXAMPLE…

18. Thanks A lot
For Watching
06/03/2012