this is a seminar report about the flood risk analysing flood risk with the help of GIS.

1. DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING
MID-SEM PRESENTATION
ON
SEMINAR
(CE-613)
SESSION : JANUARY– APRIL 2024
Submitted By :
Name –
Roll Number –
Branch – Civil Engineering
Faculty Supervisor :
Dr.
Asst. Prof.,
Dept. of CE
FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT USING
GIS.

2. Table of contents.
01)
04)
02)
05)
03)
06)
Introduction
Justification
Literature review
Applications
Merits
Limitations
07) Conclusion
References
08)

3. INTRODUCTION.
 A flood is an overflow of water from its
Flowing channel that submerges land
that is usually dry.
 Flood can be natural or man-made.
 Types of floods:
i) Flash flood.
ii) River floods.
iii) Urban floods.
iv) Coastal floods.
 Damages life and property in large.
 Destroys agriculture.
 Cause diseases. Fig. Area submerged
due to flood

4. Why I chose this topic?

5. Justification:-
 Over last decade, there were about 3,252 major recorded
flood events worldwide.
 It contributes to 44% of the total natural disasters.
 Caused over economic losses of up to 651 billion U.S. dollars
worldwide.
 Total population of 1.65 billion people suffered due to floods
worldwide.
 Over 1,500 Indians lost their lives to floods every year in last
decade.
 Compared with the data of last two decades, the frequency
of global floods are increased by 23%.
 Hence, it’s the time to awake and find a way to tackle
floods more efficiently and effectively.

6. Flood risk evaluation model.
 Entropy weight method.
o It refers to a measure of the
dispersion or uncertainty of a set
of data values.
o Entropy weight method
determines indicator weights
based on dispersion degree.
o Smaller entropy values indicate
higher indicator weights.
o Enhances objectivity in assigning
weights to evaluation factors.
o Reduces subjectivity in the
assessment process.
o Used in combination with AHP
for decision-making.
o Improves rigor and objectivity of
flood risk assessment.

7.  Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).
1) AHP breaks down complex decisions into
a hierarchical structure of criteria and
alternatives.
2) It involves pairwise comparisons to
establish the relative importance of criteria
and alternatives.
3) AHP allows for both qualitative and
quantitative factors to be considered in
decision-making.
4) The method helps in structuring decision
problems, prioritizing criteria, and
selecting the best alternative.
5) AHP provides a systematic approach to
decision-making by deriving priority scales
for decision elements.
6) It is widely used in various fields,
including risk assessment, resource
allocation, and project selection.
7) AHP enhances the transparency and
consistency of decision processes by
quantifying subjective judgments.
8) The methodology involves creating
matrices, performing pairwise
comparisons, and calculating consistency
ratios.
9) AHP aids in complex decision scenarios
where multiple criteria and alternatives
need to be evaluated.
10) By providing a structured framework, AHP
supports decision-makers in reaching
informed and rational choices.

12. LITERATURE
REVIEW.

13. SR.
NO JOURNAL
AUTHOR/
YEAR METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION/
FINDINGS
1. “Flood Risk
Mapping
Using GIS
and Multi-
Criteria
Analysis Don
River
Watershed
within the
Great
Toronto Area
(GTA)”.
 Daniela
Rincón ,
 Usman T.
Khan ,
 Costas
Armenakis.
(2021)
 Data collection.
 Criteria identification.
 Criteria weighting .
 GIS analysis.
 Flood hazard mapping.
 Vulnerability
Assessment.
 Result interpretation.
 **Effective Methodology**:
GIS-based multi-criteria approach with
AHP weighting was effective for flood
risk mapping.
 **Critical Criteria**:
Key criteria like distance to streams and
land-use data were crucial for accurate
risk assessment.
 **Vulnerability Assessment**:
Social and economic vulnerabilities
were assessed using census and land-use
data.
 **Scenario Analysis**:
Different scenarios showed varying
impacts of criteria weights on flood risk
mapping.
 **Decision Support**:
Generated flood risk maps can aid in
mitigation measures and disaster
response planning.

14. SR.
NO JOURNAL
AUTHOR
/YEAR METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION/
FINDINGS
2. "Flood
hazard
assessment
and mapping
using GIS
integrated
with multi-
criteria
decision
analysis in
upper Awash
River basin,
Ethiopia”.
 Yonas
Gebresilasie
Hagos,
 Tesfa Gebrie
Andualem,
 Mesenbet
Yibeltal,

 Mequanent
Abathun
Mengie.
(2022)
 Data collection.
 Collected data analysis
by using analytic
hierarchy method.
 Data mapping and flood
risk zone detection.
 Development flood
susceptibility maps.
 Factor weight by using
saaty’s 1-9 scale.
 Land suitability maps
generation.
 Flood danger zone
identification.
 Flood simulation and risk
assessments are crucial strategic
planning tools for effectively
reducing flood risk and
minimizing damage.
 Floods cannot be entirely
avoided, strategic planning can
help in mitigating their impact.
 Historical flood data and flood
vulnerability models can aid in
predicting and identifying high-
risk flood zones.
 Remote sensing and GIS
techniques are valuable tools for
detecting flood risk zones and
developing flood susceptibility
maps.
 The reliability of the flood
vulnerability model was

16. SR.
NO JOURNAL
AUTHOR
/YEAR METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION/
FINDINGS
3. “Flood Risk
Assessment
Using GIS-
Based
Analytical
Hierarchy
Process in
the
Municipality
of
Odiongan,
Romblon,
Philippines”.
 Jerome G.
Gacu ,
 Cris Edward
F.
Monjardin,
 Delia B.
Senoro ,
 Fibor J.
Tan.
(2022)
 Analytical hierarchy
process(AHP) for flood
risk assessment.
 Utilizing collected data.
 Creating spatial
visualisation through
GIS.
 Gathered weights for
criteria .
 Graded comparisons on
9-point scale
importance.
 Flood risk assessments using
GIS-based and multi-criteria
decisions are crucial for
improving flood mitigation and
risk management strategies.
 The study results are valuable
for enhancing the municipality's
preparedness for future
flooding events.
 Parameters such as average
annual rainfall, elevation, slope,
soil type, and flood depth were
considered for hazard criteria.
 Factors like gender ratio, mean
age, average income, and
educational attainment were
analyzed for vulnerability

18. SR.
NO JOURNAL
AUTHOR
/YEAR METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION/
FINDINGS
4. “GIS-based
risk
assessment
of food
disaster in
the Lijiang
River
Basin”.
 Li Ziwei,
 Tang
Xiangling,
 Li Liju,
 ChuYanqi,
 Wang
Xingming,
 Yang Dishan.
(2023)
 Data collection.
 Establishment of
assessment model.
 Weight. Determination
 Risk assessment.
 GIS analysis.
 Validation and
interpretation
 Effective risk assessment.
 Identification of key
indicators like river network
density, Population Density,
slope etc.
 Risk mapping visualization.
 utilizing ArcGIS for spatial
data and visualization.
 Validation and application.
 Future implication.
 Recommendations.
 planning strategies, disaster
preparedness, risk factors
etc.

21. SR.
NO JOURNAL
AUTHOR
/YEAR METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION/
FINDINGS
5. “How can
GIS help
disaster
managers
assess the
impact of
floods”.
 Nicolas
Holm,
 Eduardo
Rienzi,
 Kent
Swampy
glade.
(2024)
 Hazard Mapping.
 Damage assessment.
 Vulnerability analysis.
 Recovery planning.
 Quick detection and
response to water flow.
 Strategic placement of
infrastructure to absorb
runoff.
 Automated adjustments in
stormwater system.
 Increases community
involvement through
accessible data on water
management efforts.

22. SR.
NO
JOURNAL AUTHOR
/YEAR METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION/
FINDINGS
6. “The Journal
of hydraulic
engineering”.
GUO XINLEI. o Flood data gathering.
o Analysis of impact of
urbanization, climate
change and other
factors
o Case studies of
specific flood events.
o Development of river
ice hydraulics theories.
o Strengthening Risk
Management: Enhance
emergency capabilities and
build resilient infrastructure.
o Long-Term Planning:
Implement flood control
planning.
o Multi-Level Collaboration:
Involve stakeholders at local,
regional, national, and
international levels.
o Preparedness: Strengthen
response mechanisms.
o Reservoirs in Flood
Management: Significant for
flood control.
o Evaluate Existing
Reservoirs: Consider

23. Applications.
Flood Hazard Mapping.
Emergency Preparedness and
Response.
Urban Planning and
Infrastructure Design.
 Flood Risk Mitigation.
Environmental Impact
Assessment.
Climate change Adaptation.

24. Risk zonation &
priortization.
Decision Making. Dynamic modeling.
Spatial analysis
& visualistion.
Merits.
01
05 04
02
06 03
Early
Warning
System.
Impact
assessment.

25. Limitations:
Complexity and Interpretation Challenges.
Dynamic Nature of Floods.
Data Quality and Precession.
Computational resources.
Expertise Requirement.
Financial constraints.

26.  In conclusion, the study on the GIS-based risk assessment of flood
disaster is important for establishing a scientific reference for the
prevention of rainstorm and flood disasters in the vulnerable region.
 The research focused on developing a flood risk evaluation model
using weight analysis methods to assess the risk factors, sensitivity
of the environment, and vulnerability of the affected population.
 The findings emphasized the uneven distribution of precipitation in
the regions, leading to frequent storm floods as more prone to such
disasters.
 Overall, the study provides valuable insights for improving flood
risk assessment and disaster prevention strategies in the vulnerable
regions.
Conclusion.

27. Reference.
 Ajay lavakare.(2010).gis and risk assessment by By Geospatial World
 Demir, V., & Kisi, O. (2016). Flood Hazard Mapping by Using Geographic Information
System and Hydraulic Model: Mert River, Samsun, Turkey. Advances in Meteorology,
2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4891015
 Rincón, D., Khan, U. T., & Armenakis, C. (2018). Flood risk mapping using GIS and
multi-criteria analysis: A greater toronto area case study. Geosciences (Switzerland),
8(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8080275
 A COMPILATION OF 2020-2021 GLOBAL FLOOD EVENTS AND INTERNATIONAL
EXPERIENCE IN FLOOD MANAGEMENT 2 A Compilation of 2020-2021 Global Flood Events
and International Experience in Flood Management. (n.d.). 20220517001204_435.pdf (icfm.world)

28.  Gacu, J. G., Monjardin, C. E. F., Senoro, D. B., & Tan, F. J. (2022). Flood Risk Assessment Using
GIS-Based Analytical Hierarchy Process in the Municipality of Odiongan, Romblon, Philippines.
Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/app12199456
 Hagos, Y. G., Andualem, T. G., Yibeltal, M., & Mengie, M. A. (2022). Flood hazard assessment and
mapping using GIS integrated with multi-criteria decision analysis in upper Awash River basin,
Ethiopia. Applied Water Science, 12(7). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-022-01674-8
 Ziwei, L., Xiangling, T., Liju, L., Yanqi, C., Xingming, W., & Dishan, Y. (2023). GIS-based risk
assessment of flood disaster in the Lijiang River Basin. Scientific Reports, 13(1).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32829-5
 Osman, S. A., & Das, J. (2023). GIS-based flood risk assessment using multi-criteria decision
analysis of Shebelle River Basin in southern Somalia. SN Applied Sciences, 5(5), 134.

29. Thank
you!