causes, effect, impact, benefits, and management of FLOOD

1. FLOOD
Submitted by
Parvathy U Krishnan
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2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Causes
• Effect
• Flood Impact
• Flood Benefit
• Imagination Strategies
• Flood management and Scope
• Conclusion
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3. INTRODUCTION
• An overflow of water.
• A form of natural disaster.
• Happens when there is too much rain.
• Water from the river bank overflows.
• Caused by heavy rains, tides, storms, hazzards etc.
• Most frequent and deadliest occurs when the
geomorphic equilibrium in the river system is
disturbed because of - Intrinsic threshold
- Extrinsic threshold
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5. CAUSES
• Rivers overflowing their banks.
• Heavy rainfall and thunderstorms.
• Snow melt.
• Combination of Storms , Tides and Low air pressure.
• Poor drainage system.
• Heavy siltation of the river bed reduces the water
carrying capacity of the rivers/stream.
• Blockage in the drains lead to flooding of the area.
• Landslides blocking the flow of the stream.
• Construction of dams and reservoirs.
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6. EFFECTS OF FLOOD
• ECONOMIC EFFECT
• Tourism lost
• Job lost
• Lost of investment
• Loss of property
• Expense increases
• Revenew loss
SOCIAL EFFECT
• Damage and destruction of buildings
• Damage to local infrastructure
• Destruction to local utilities and
services
-transportation
-drinking water
-Natural gas
-Wastewater treatment
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7. MAJOR IMPACTS OF FLOOD
• Property Loss
• Human Loss
• Affects the Major Roads
• Disruption of Air / Train / Bus services
• Spread of Water-borne Communicable Diseases
• Communication Breakdown
• Electricity Supply Cut off
• Economic and Social Disruption
• Increase in air or water pollution
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8. FLOOD BENEFITS
• Soil becomes more fertile.
• Recharging ground water.
• Maintain flood plain diversity.
• Spread nutrients to lakes and rivers.
• Some fishes make use of flood to reach new habitats.
• For some fish species, an inundated floodplain
may form a highly suitable location for spawning
few predators .
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9. Imagination Strategies
• INDIVIDUAL
• BEFORE
• Keep a battery-powered radio
• retreat to the second floor
• Keep a flash flight
• Follow emergency instructions
• DURING
• Do not drive through a flooded area
• Stay away from downed power lines and wires.
• Look out for animals
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10. Imagination Strategies
• AFTER
• Check for structural damage
• Do not use matches
• Boil water for drinking and food preparation
• Take steps to reduce your risk of future
• COMMUNITY
• Proper Disposal Of Garbage.
• Clean Drainage.
• Re-Plant trees
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11. FLOOD MANAGEMENT
• Control the water level in dams
• Build barriers(Levees)
• Alter the rivers channel
• Control land use around the river
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13. FLOOD MANAGEMENT SCOPE
• Use of remote sensing GIS (Geographic
• Information System)
• Flood forecast (FF) modelling
• Simulation
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14. CONCLUSION
While we can never contract with the future or
accurately predict all of the consequences of
our actions and policies, policymakers must
extend their thinking about their impacts and
the impacts of private entities beyond the
local, the near term, the likely, and the recently
newsworthy.
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15. REFERENCE
• Julien, P. Y. (2002). River Mechanics, Cambridge
University Press, UK.
• Roberson, J.A., Cassidy, J.J., Chaudhry, M.H.
(1998). Hydraulic Engineering,2nd Edition,
• Wiley Press, USA. US Army Corps of Engineers.
(2010). After Action Report : May 2010 Flood Event
• Cumberland River Basin.
• <http://www.lrn.usace.army.mil/LRN_pdf/AAR_
May_2010_Flood_Cumberland_Draft_V7_21.pdf>
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16. Thank you
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