SlideShare a Scribd company logo
School Health
     Programme
Prepared by:
SAgun PAudel            Participants:
Health Assistant        • Samjhana Gurung
Student of BPH @ LA
GRANDEE International   • Tika Thapa
college, Simalchour     • Jayanti Gurung
Pokhara, Nepal
First Aid


[पाथििक उपचार]
What is first aid?
First aid is defined as the emergency care
and treatment of injured person before
complete medical care and treatment can be
secured.

कु नै आकिििक घटना पिि र खास उपचार
उपलबध हनु पुवव ििरािीलाई जीवन रकाका
लािि र जिटलता कि िनवका लािि ततकालै
ििइने युििपुववक सहायता वा हरचारलाई
                             े
पाथििक उपचार भिननि।
Principle of first aid:
• to maintain circulatory volume of vital
organs eg. Brain, kidney, heart etc
• to maintain respiratory functions.
Aim of first aid
The key aims of first aid can be summarized
in three key points:
• Preserve life: the overriding aim of all
medical care, including first aid, is to save
lives.
• Prevent further harm/danger of further
injury:this covers both external factors, such
as moving a patient away from any cause of
harm, and applying first aid techniques to
prevent worsening of the condition.
such as applying pressure to stop a bleed
becoming dangerous.
• Promote recovery: first aid also involves
trying to start the recovery process from the
illness or injury, and in some cases might
involve completing a treatment, such as in
the case of applying a plaster to a small
wound
Conditions that often require
           first aid
• Altitude sickness
• Bone fracture & Joint dislocation
• Anaphylaxis
• Choking
• Heart attack & Cardiac Arrest
• Wounds and bleeding
• Poisoning
•Burns
How you will be a Good first
           Aider?
• िववेकी (observant)
• ववहारकु शल (tactful)
• युििपूणव (resourceful)
• िनपुण (dexterous
• िपषविा (explicit)
• िववेचक (discriminator)
• अधयवसायी (persevering)
•सहानुभूितयुि (sympathetic)
पाथििक उपचारले ििाव चोट/चोट िढने पििया
घटि र उपचारिा सहयोि पुगि। युििपुववक
पथािीक उपचार ििन नसके िा रोि/चोट जिटल
िने सकि। र किहलेकिह जयान सिेत जोिखििा
पनव सकि । तसथव पाथििक उपचार समििनध
जान सिैिा हनु जरिर ि।
• हामो जीवनिा जुनसुकै िेला जे पिन हन
सकि। ििनक जीवनिा हनसके सिियािा
       ै
ततकालै सकारातिक सहायता के हनसकि भने
आधारभूत जानकारी सिैलाई हनु पिव।

• जुनसुकै काि ििाव सिै वििले सचेतना
अपनाउनु पिव। िवववती, िालिािलका, वृद र
िाहो साहो काि िने वििहर लिायत सिैले
िवशेष धयान पुववक काि िनुव पिव।  
चोट-पटकको पाथििक उपचार:
• असुरिकत िथान िाट सुरिकत िथान िा जाने/
लाने।
• रित ििेको रोके पयास िने। जितै: कपडा वा
हात ले थुने। हात खुटा को चोट ि भने िुटु
भनिा िािथ उठाउने।
• िवदुतीय वितु सिको जोिखि रहकोे
अविथािा अचालक वितु जितै- ओभानो कपडा,
रवर आिि को पयोि िने।
• के िह वितु शरीर िभत िडेको ि भने ततकाल
नििके ।
•असर िने वितु सतहिै भएिा सफा पानीले
सफािने।
• हाड भाििएिा वा शंका लािेिा उि भाि
लाई नचलाउने, आराि िराउने।
• टाउको, घाटी वा ढाडका हाडिा असर परे िा
(वा परे को शंका लािेिा):
आराि राखे; घाटी-टाउको-ढाडलाई नचलाउने,
हििलन नििने। शानत वातावरण िा राखे।
तुरनतै निजकै को िवािथय संिथािा लैजाने ।
आवियक परे िा िवशेषज सुििधा पाइने ठाउिा
जाने / लागे 
रिशावको [bleeding]रोकथाि:
  िाह: िविभन चोट पटक वा कु नै रोिका
    कारण िाह रिशाव हन सकि।
 – सफा कपडाले वा हातले िथचने।
 – चोट हात वा खुटािा भएिा हात/खुटा लाई
   उिालने।
 – कु नै वितु िाडको भएिा नििके ।
                 े
 – िवािथयकिी वा िवािथय सुिवधा भएको ठाउिा
   िा जाने/लागे र उपयुि सेवा िलने।
िभित: िविभन आनतिरक रोि/सिियाका वा
 कु नै चोटपटक कारण आनतिरक रिशाव
              हनासकि।
 – िुख, नाक, कान, िुि -दार, योनी आिि िथान िाट
                      ्
   रित आएको भएिा सियिै िवािथय संिथा वा
   िवािथयकिीकोिा िइ आवियक परािशव र सेवा
   िलने।
पानीिा डु ि े ि ा [ drowning]

• डु िेको वििलाई सावधानीसाथ सुरिकत
तवरले िनकािने र सुरिकत िथानिा राखे।
• िवशेष ििर तािलि पाप विि वा सुरका
िनकायको सहयोि हनसके िा रामो हनि।
• उतानो सुताउने।
• नाक िुखिा के िह वितु भएिा हटाउने।
• िचउडो उठाउने।
• िवास फे नव सहज िनाउने।
• रामो िवास फे नव सके को िैन भने
‘िुखािुख’ तिरका वा ‘िािक वि’ को
पयोिले िवास फे राउने ।
• घािट वा ढाडिा चोट पटक भएिा (वा
भएको शंका लािेिा) हलचल निराउने।
• नयानो िनाउने।
• तुरनतै िवािथय संिथािा लागे।
िवष सेवन [poisoning]
थोरै िातािा सेवन ििाव/हिा पिन
हािन िनव सके सिै वितु लाई िवष
िािननि। िवष िििसएका वितुहर,
कितपय औषिध, संििित खानेकुरा, अनय
उपयोििा आउने वितुहर, िवषाि
वनिपित/जिडिुटी आिि पिन िवषयुि
हनसकि। िवषजनय वितु ठोस, तरल वा
गयास जे अविथािा पिन हनसकि।
• सावधानी साथ जोिखियुि िथानिाट
सुरिकत ठाउिा लगु/जानु पिव। सफा,
शानत, रामो सास फे नव सिकने िथानिा
राखु पिव।
• नाक िूखिाट िवासपिवास हन ििनु
पिव/सहज िनाउनु पिव।
•िािहरी अंििा पभािवत भएिा सफा
पानीले सफा िनुव पिव। िवषको असर
भएका कपडा हटाउनु पिव।
• तुरनतै सेवा पाइने िवािथय संिथािा लगु/जानु
पिव।
• िवष िवशेषको उपचार फरक फरक हनि।
• पाप भएसमि समभािवत िवष, िवषको भाडो/
कािजपत िवािथयकिी/िचिकतसक लाई ििनुपिव।
सपव क ो टोकाई [snake bite]
• नआििने, नअतयाउने, टोके को ठाउिा
सफा  पानीले सफा िने।
• टोके को ठाउँ भनिा के िह िािथ
रिालजितो वितुले िाधे, डाि िसे
ििर कसु हिन।ै
• सपवले टोके को ठाउिा काटने, चुसे
निने।
•सुििधा    युि     अिपताल/िवािथय
संिथािा तुरनत लगे/जाने।
ले क लािे ि ा [Altitude sickness]
  उि िहिाली भेििा जािा उचाइका कारण
यितो सििया हन सकि।
िवशेष ििर ििटोििटो ििर- जितै हवाइजहाज
िाट जािा। यो सििया उचाईिा िएको ६ ििख
                                   े
२४ घणटा िभत िखा पनव सकि।
              े
  उचाईिा अिकसजनको िात कि हने र शरीर
तयहाको वातावरणिा घुलििल भईनसकिाको
कारणले यितो हन सकि।
लकण [symptom]:
टाउको िखे, थकाई लागे, वानत आउन खोजनु,
        ु
वानत आउनु, खान िन नलागु, िरिटा लागु,
िननदा कि लागु, हात खुटा सुिननु आिि।
रोकथािका लािि उचाई िा जानु भनिा पिहला
रामो तयारी िनुव पिव।
िचिकसकको परािशव िलएर जानु रामो हनि। र
एकलै जानु भनिा सिुहिा जानु रामो हनि।
निजकै उपलबध हनसके िवािथय संिथा के के
िन् पिहियै जानकारी िलनु पिव।
लेक लािेिा कि उचाईिा िने पिहलो काि
हो। तयसपिि आराि िने।
अनय कु रा िवािथयकिी वा अनुभिव वििको
सिलाह ििोिजि िने।
रे ि िज भएको जनावरले टोके ि ा
      रे ििज एक् पाण घातक सििया हो।
      तसथव जोसुकै सचेत हनु पिव। िवशेष
      ििर संििित कु कु रले टोके िा रे ििज
      हने ििव । किहले किह अनय
      संििित जनावर र संििित िानिेको
      कारणले पिन रे ििज हनेििव। 
       संििित कु कु रले अिवभािवक लकण
      िखाउिन् र अनिाजी १० ििन
         े
      जितिा ििवन। 
कु कुर ले टोके ि ा [dog
           bite]
     घाउ भएको भािलाई सािुन  पानी
   वा सफा पानीले किमतिा पिन ५
   ििनेट समि सफा िने।
   • रित धेरै ििेिा सफा कपडाको
   टु िाले वा सफा हातले िठक
   िातिा िथचेर रित िग रोके ।
   • िटटानस िवरदको खोप िलने।
   •तुरनत िवािथय संिथािा िइ
   रे ििज िवरदको खोप र अनय
   आवियक उपचार िलने।
तातोले पोिनु /डडनु [burn]
आिो, तातो वितु, कु नै रसायन,
यनत आििको उि तापिि वा
रासायिनक िुणको कारण पोिने
वा डडने हन सकि। पोििा हिका
िाला ििख िभित अंि समििा
       े
आसार िरे को हन सकि ।
• खतरायुि िथानिा रहकालाई(ले) सावधानी
                       े
     पुववक सुरिकत िथानिा लगे(जाने)।
 • िवासपिवास िािव (नाक, िुख) खुला राखे।
 • िवासपिवास सहज हन ििने । सहज रि
संचार हन ििने।(यो कु रा सिैजसो अविथािा
आवियक नहनसकि तर पिन यो कु रा खयाल
           िनुव आवियक हनि।)
• पोलेको ठाउिा लिातार सफा
िचसो पानी हाली रहने।
• फोकाहर नफोने।
• िपउन सके िा पटक-पटक पानी
िपउने/िपलाउने।
• पभािवत विििा िपसाि कि
हन नििनुलाई रामो िािननि।
•जितसकिो चाडो िवािथय संिथािा
िइ आवियक उपचार िलनु पिव।
जीवन रकाको क ख ि/A B
C (िवासपिवास र रि सं च ार)
 सिै पाथििक उपचारिा यो कु रा खयाल िनुव
                   पिव।
 A- Airway िवास-पिवासको िाटो खुिला हनु
     पिव। नाक, िुख, िवास निल …आिि।
B- Breathingिवासपिवास ििया भईरहनु पिव।
C- Circulation रि संचार भईरहनु पिव। (िुटु
    धडकन र नाडी संचािलत ि वा िैन?)
Thankyou
First Aid

More Related Content

What's hot

Emergency triage
Emergency triageEmergency triage
Emergency triage
Reynel Dan
 
Role of health care worker in preventing needlestick
Role of health care worker in preventing needlestickRole of health care worker in preventing needlestick
Role of health care worker in preventing needlestick
subauday
 
Bleeding management
Bleeding managementBleeding management
Bleeding management
Ahmad Thanin
 
first aid management of patient with seizure
first aid management of patient with seizurefirst aid management of patient with seizure
first aid management of patient with seizure
Shambhavi Sharma
 
snake bite management
snake bite managementsnake bite management
snake bite management
Shivshankar Badole
 
IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY PLANNING
IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY PLANNINGIMPORTANCE OF FAMILY PLANNING
IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY PLANNING
Cindy Carinea
 
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
Ashwini Maurya
 
Poisoning ppt
Poisoning pptPoisoning ppt
Poisoning ppt
Asraful Islam Rayhan
 
प्राथमिक चिकित्सा/First Aid{HINDI}
प्राथमिक चिकित्सा/First Aid{HINDI}प्राथमिक चिकित्सा/First Aid{HINDI}
प्राथमिक चिकित्सा/First Aid{HINDI}
superuser99
 
Disaster management
Disaster managementDisaster management
Disaster management
ABHIJIT BHOYAR
 
Continuum of care
Continuum of careContinuum of care
Continuum of care
ANMTC, KATIHAR
 
Biomedical waste management
Biomedical  waste managementBiomedical  waste management
Biomedical waste management
Shikha505
 
First AID in hindi
First AID in hindiFirst AID in hindi
First AID in hindi
P.K. Panwar (Author)
 
Intraosseous infusion.
Intraosseous infusion.Intraosseous infusion.
Intraosseous infusion.
RubinaShakil
 
Needle stick injury .pptx
Needle stick injury .pptxNeedle stick injury .pptx
Needle stick injury .pptx
Krupa Meet Patel
 
Infection prevention-and-control
Infection prevention-and-controlInfection prevention-and-control
Infection prevention-and-control
deejaynamo
 
Waste management in hospital
Waste management in hospitalWaste management in hospital
Waste management in hospital
Appy Akshay Agarwal
 
TRIAGE
TRIAGETRIAGE
bites and first aid ppt.
bites and first aid ppt.bites and first aid ppt.
bites and first aid ppt.
Rhodmark Atienza
 
Concepts of infection control
Concepts of infection control  Concepts of infection control
Concepts of infection control
Anjum Hashmi MPH
 

What's hot (20)

Emergency triage
Emergency triageEmergency triage
Emergency triage
 
Role of health care worker in preventing needlestick
Role of health care worker in preventing needlestickRole of health care worker in preventing needlestick
Role of health care worker in preventing needlestick
 
Bleeding management
Bleeding managementBleeding management
Bleeding management
 
first aid management of patient with seizure
first aid management of patient with seizurefirst aid management of patient with seizure
first aid management of patient with seizure
 
snake bite management
snake bite managementsnake bite management
snake bite management
 
IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY PLANNING
IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY PLANNINGIMPORTANCE OF FAMILY PLANNING
IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY PLANNING
 
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
 
Poisoning ppt
Poisoning pptPoisoning ppt
Poisoning ppt
 
प्राथमिक चिकित्सा/First Aid{HINDI}
प्राथमिक चिकित्सा/First Aid{HINDI}प्राथमिक चिकित्सा/First Aid{HINDI}
प्राथमिक चिकित्सा/First Aid{HINDI}
 
Disaster management
Disaster managementDisaster management
Disaster management
 
Continuum of care
Continuum of careContinuum of care
Continuum of care
 
Biomedical waste management
Biomedical  waste managementBiomedical  waste management
Biomedical waste management
 
First AID in hindi
First AID in hindiFirst AID in hindi
First AID in hindi
 
Intraosseous infusion.
Intraosseous infusion.Intraosseous infusion.
Intraosseous infusion.
 
Needle stick injury .pptx
Needle stick injury .pptxNeedle stick injury .pptx
Needle stick injury .pptx
 
Infection prevention-and-control
Infection prevention-and-controlInfection prevention-and-control
Infection prevention-and-control
 
Waste management in hospital
Waste management in hospitalWaste management in hospital
Waste management in hospital
 
TRIAGE
TRIAGETRIAGE
TRIAGE
 
bites and first aid ppt.
bites and first aid ppt.bites and first aid ppt.
bites and first aid ppt.
 
Concepts of infection control
Concepts of infection control  Concepts of infection control
Concepts of infection control
 

Viewers also liked

Quality improvement in health care in developing countries
Quality improvement in health care in developing countriesQuality improvement in health care in developing countries
Quality improvement in health care in developing countries
Public Health Update
 
PREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
PREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASEPREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
PREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
Public Health Update
 
ANALYZE THE PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDGs IN NEPAL-PDF
ANALYZE THE PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDGs IN NEPAL-PDFANALYZE THE PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDGs IN NEPAL-PDF
ANALYZE THE PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDGs IN NEPAL-PDF
Public Health Update
 
IMMUNIZATION research and nepal
IMMUNIZATION research and nepalIMMUNIZATION research and nepal
IMMUNIZATION research and nepal
Public Health Update
 
Policies related to Occupational health in nepal
Policies related to Occupational health in nepalPolicies related to Occupational health in nepal
Policies related to Occupational health in nepal
Public Health Update
 
Mental health sagun
Mental health sagunMental health sagun
Mental health sagun
Public Health Update
 
randomised control trial
randomised control trialrandomised control trial
randomised control trial
Public Health Update
 
Understanding Mental Health and Mental Illness
Understanding Mental Health and Mental IllnessUnderstanding Mental Health and Mental Illness
Understanding Mental Health and Mental Illness
TeenMentalHealth.org
 
First aid ppt
First aid pptFirst aid ppt
First aid ppt
Harsh Khatri
 
Death by PowerPoint
Death by PowerPointDeath by PowerPoint
Death by PowerPoint
Alexei Kapterev
 

Viewers also liked (10)

Quality improvement in health care in developing countries
Quality improvement in health care in developing countriesQuality improvement in health care in developing countries
Quality improvement in health care in developing countries
 
PREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
PREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASEPREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
PREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
 
ANALYZE THE PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDGs IN NEPAL-PDF
ANALYZE THE PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDGs IN NEPAL-PDFANALYZE THE PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDGs IN NEPAL-PDF
ANALYZE THE PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING MDGs IN NEPAL-PDF
 
IMMUNIZATION research and nepal
IMMUNIZATION research and nepalIMMUNIZATION research and nepal
IMMUNIZATION research and nepal
 
Policies related to Occupational health in nepal
Policies related to Occupational health in nepalPolicies related to Occupational health in nepal
Policies related to Occupational health in nepal
 
Mental health sagun
Mental health sagunMental health sagun
Mental health sagun
 
randomised control trial
randomised control trialrandomised control trial
randomised control trial
 
Understanding Mental Health and Mental Illness
Understanding Mental Health and Mental IllnessUnderstanding Mental Health and Mental Illness
Understanding Mental Health and Mental Illness
 
First aid ppt
First aid pptFirst aid ppt
First aid ppt
 
Death by PowerPoint
Death by PowerPointDeath by PowerPoint
Death by PowerPoint
 

More from Public Health Update

Organization Structure of Public Health System in Nepal
Organization Structure of Public Health System in NepalOrganization Structure of Public Health System in Nepal
Organization Structure of Public Health System in Nepal
Public Health Update
 
Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016), NEPAL
Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016), NEPALGlobal Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016), NEPAL
Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016), NEPAL
Public Health Update
 
World Population Day 2017 (Preeti Font)
World Population Day 2017 (Preeti Font)World Population Day 2017 (Preeti Font)
World Population Day 2017 (Preeti Font)
Public Health Update
 
Orientation on Cancer, heart diseases and diabetes
Orientation on Cancer, heart diseases and diabetesOrientation on Cancer, heart diseases and diabetes
Orientation on Cancer, heart diseases and diabetes
Public Health Update
 
World no tobacco day 2017
World no tobacco day 2017 World no tobacco day 2017
World no tobacco day 2017
Public Health Update
 
World No tobacco day 2017
World No tobacco day 2017 World No tobacco day 2017
World No tobacco day 2017
Public Health Update
 
Investing in teenage girls - World population Day 2016 (Preeti)
Investing in teenage girls - World population Day 2016 (Preeti)Investing in teenage girls - World population Day 2016 (Preeti)
Investing in teenage girls - World population Day 2016 (Preeti)
Public Health Update
 
Menstural Hygiene Day 2016
Menstural Hygiene Day 2016Menstural Hygiene Day 2016
Menstural Hygiene Day 2016
Public Health Update
 
Short orientation on reproductive health & Reproductive right (Nepali)
Short orientation on reproductive health & Reproductive right (Nepali)Short orientation on reproductive health & Reproductive right (Nepali)
Short orientation on reproductive health & Reproductive right (Nepali)
Public Health Update
 
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal : For ...
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal :  For ...Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal :  For ...
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal : For ...
Public Health Update
 
Sagun's Blog tutorial
Sagun's Blog tutorialSagun's Blog tutorial
Sagun's Blog tutorial
Public Health Update
 
Sagun's Blog tutorial
Sagun's Blog tutorialSagun's Blog tutorial
Sagun's Blog tutorial
Public Health Update
 
Community based orientation of hivaids ppt slides
Community based orientation of hivaids ppt slidesCommunity based orientation of hivaids ppt slides
Community based orientation of hivaids ppt slides
Public Health Update
 
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPALACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL
Public Health Update
 
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL (Draft Seminar ...
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL (Draft Seminar ...ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL (Draft Seminar ...
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL (Draft Seminar ...
Public Health Update
 
Orientation about HIV, AIDS and STIs
Orientation about HIV, AIDS and STIsOrientation about HIV, AIDS and STIs
Orientation about HIV, AIDS and STIs
Public Health Update
 
General Introduction to Health research (Basic)
General Introduction to Health research (Basic)General Introduction to Health research (Basic)
General Introduction to Health research (Basic)
Public Health Update
 
National nutrition policy, Nepal
National nutrition policy, NepalNational nutrition policy, Nepal
National nutrition policy, Nepal
Public Health Update
 
Seminar paper on effictiveness and utilization of htc service in nepal 2014
Seminar paper on effictiveness and utilization of htc service in nepal 2014Seminar paper on effictiveness and utilization of htc service in nepal 2014
Seminar paper on effictiveness and utilization of htc service in nepal 2014
Public Health Update
 
Policy related to occupational health in Nepal
Policy related to occupational health in Nepal Policy related to occupational health in Nepal
Policy related to occupational health in Nepal
Public Health Update
 

More from Public Health Update (20)

Organization Structure of Public Health System in Nepal
Organization Structure of Public Health System in NepalOrganization Structure of Public Health System in Nepal
Organization Structure of Public Health System in Nepal
 
Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016), NEPAL
Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016), NEPALGlobal Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016), NEPAL
Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016), NEPAL
 
World Population Day 2017 (Preeti Font)
World Population Day 2017 (Preeti Font)World Population Day 2017 (Preeti Font)
World Population Day 2017 (Preeti Font)
 
Orientation on Cancer, heart diseases and diabetes
Orientation on Cancer, heart diseases and diabetesOrientation on Cancer, heart diseases and diabetes
Orientation on Cancer, heart diseases and diabetes
 
World no tobacco day 2017
World no tobacco day 2017 World no tobacco day 2017
World no tobacco day 2017
 
World No tobacco day 2017
World No tobacco day 2017 World No tobacco day 2017
World No tobacco day 2017
 
Investing in teenage girls - World population Day 2016 (Preeti)
Investing in teenage girls - World population Day 2016 (Preeti)Investing in teenage girls - World population Day 2016 (Preeti)
Investing in teenage girls - World population Day 2016 (Preeti)
 
Menstural Hygiene Day 2016
Menstural Hygiene Day 2016Menstural Hygiene Day 2016
Menstural Hygiene Day 2016
 
Short orientation on reproductive health & Reproductive right (Nepali)
Short orientation on reproductive health & Reproductive right (Nepali)Short orientation on reproductive health & Reproductive right (Nepali)
Short orientation on reproductive health & Reproductive right (Nepali)
 
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal : For ...
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal :  For ...Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal :  For ...
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal : For ...
 
Sagun's Blog tutorial
Sagun's Blog tutorialSagun's Blog tutorial
Sagun's Blog tutorial
 
Sagun's Blog tutorial
Sagun's Blog tutorialSagun's Blog tutorial
Sagun's Blog tutorial
 
Community based orientation of hivaids ppt slides
Community based orientation of hivaids ppt slidesCommunity based orientation of hivaids ppt slides
Community based orientation of hivaids ppt slides
 
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPALACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL
 
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL (Draft Seminar ...
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL (Draft Seminar ...ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL (Draft Seminar ...
ACHIEVEMENT AND PROGRESS TOWARDS HEALTH RELATED MDGS IN NEPAL (Draft Seminar ...
 
Orientation about HIV, AIDS and STIs
Orientation about HIV, AIDS and STIsOrientation about HIV, AIDS and STIs
Orientation about HIV, AIDS and STIs
 
General Introduction to Health research (Basic)
General Introduction to Health research (Basic)General Introduction to Health research (Basic)
General Introduction to Health research (Basic)
 
National nutrition policy, Nepal
National nutrition policy, NepalNational nutrition policy, Nepal
National nutrition policy, Nepal
 
Seminar paper on effictiveness and utilization of htc service in nepal 2014
Seminar paper on effictiveness and utilization of htc service in nepal 2014Seminar paper on effictiveness and utilization of htc service in nepal 2014
Seminar paper on effictiveness and utilization of htc service in nepal 2014
 
Policy related to occupational health in Nepal
Policy related to occupational health in Nepal Policy related to occupational health in Nepal
Policy related to occupational health in Nepal
 

First Aid

  • 1. School Health Programme Prepared by: SAgun PAudel Participants: Health Assistant • Samjhana Gurung Student of BPH @ LA GRANDEE International • Tika Thapa college, Simalchour • Jayanti Gurung Pokhara, Nepal
  • 3. What is first aid? First aid is defined as the emergency care and treatment of injured person before complete medical care and treatment can be secured. कु नै आकिििक घटना पिि र खास उपचार उपलबध हनु पुवव ििरािीलाई जीवन रकाका लािि र जिटलता कि िनवका लािि ततकालै ििइने युििपुववक सहायता वा हरचारलाई े पाथििक उपचार भिननि।
  • 4. Principle of first aid: • to maintain circulatory volume of vital organs eg. Brain, kidney, heart etc • to maintain respiratory functions.
  • 5. Aim of first aid The key aims of first aid can be summarized in three key points: • Preserve life: the overriding aim of all medical care, including first aid, is to save lives. • Prevent further harm/danger of further injury:this covers both external factors, such as moving a patient away from any cause of harm, and applying first aid techniques to prevent worsening of the condition.
  • 6. such as applying pressure to stop a bleed becoming dangerous. • Promote recovery: first aid also involves trying to start the recovery process from the illness or injury, and in some cases might involve completing a treatment, such as in the case of applying a plaster to a small wound
  • 7. Conditions that often require first aid • Altitude sickness • Bone fracture & Joint dislocation • Anaphylaxis • Choking • Heart attack & Cardiac Arrest • Wounds and bleeding • Poisoning •Burns
  • 8. How you will be a Good first Aider? • िववेकी (observant) • ववहारकु शल (tactful) • युििपूणव (resourceful) • िनपुण (dexterous • िपषविा (explicit) • िववेचक (discriminator) • अधयवसायी (persevering) •सहानुभूितयुि (sympathetic)
  • 9. पाथििक उपचारले ििाव चोट/चोट िढने पििया घटि र उपचारिा सहयोि पुगि। युििपुववक पथािीक उपचार ििन नसके िा रोि/चोट जिटल िने सकि। र किहलेकिह जयान सिेत जोिखििा पनव सकि । तसथव पाथििक उपचार समििनध जान सिैिा हनु जरिर ि।
  • 10. • हामो जीवनिा जुनसुकै िेला जे पिन हन सकि। ििनक जीवनिा हनसके सिियािा ै ततकालै सकारातिक सहायता के हनसकि भने आधारभूत जानकारी सिैलाई हनु पिव। • जुनसुकै काि ििाव सिै वििले सचेतना अपनाउनु पिव। िवववती, िालिािलका, वृद र िाहो साहो काि िने वििहर लिायत सिैले िवशेष धयान पुववक काि िनुव पिव।  
  • 11. चोट-पटकको पाथििक उपचार: • असुरिकत िथान िाट सुरिकत िथान िा जाने/ लाने। • रित ििेको रोके पयास िने। जितै: कपडा वा हात ले थुने। हात खुटा को चोट ि भने िुटु भनिा िािथ उठाउने। • िवदुतीय वितु सिको जोिखि रहकोे अविथािा अचालक वितु जितै- ओभानो कपडा, रवर आिि को पयोि िने। • के िह वितु शरीर िभत िडेको ि भने ततकाल नििके ।
  • 12. •असर िने वितु सतहिै भएिा सफा पानीले सफािने। • हाड भाििएिा वा शंका लािेिा उि भाि लाई नचलाउने, आराि िराउने। • टाउको, घाटी वा ढाडका हाडिा असर परे िा (वा परे को शंका लािेिा): आराि राखे; घाटी-टाउको-ढाडलाई नचलाउने, हििलन नििने। शानत वातावरण िा राखे। तुरनतै निजकै को िवािथय संिथािा लैजाने । आवियक परे िा िवशेषज सुििधा पाइने ठाउिा जाने / लागे 
  • 13. रिशावको [bleeding]रोकथाि: िाह: िविभन चोट पटक वा कु नै रोिका कारण िाह रिशाव हन सकि। – सफा कपडाले वा हातले िथचने। – चोट हात वा खुटािा भएिा हात/खुटा लाई उिालने। – कु नै वितु िाडको भएिा नििके । े – िवािथयकिी वा िवािथय सुिवधा भएको ठाउिा िा जाने/लागे र उपयुि सेवा िलने।
  • 14. िभित: िविभन आनतिरक रोि/सिियाका वा कु नै चोटपटक कारण आनतिरक रिशाव हनासकि। – िुख, नाक, कान, िुि -दार, योनी आिि िथान िाट ् रित आएको भएिा सियिै िवािथय संिथा वा िवािथयकिीकोिा िइ आवियक परािशव र सेवा िलने।
  • 15. पानीिा डु ि े ि ा [ drowning] • डु िेको वििलाई सावधानीसाथ सुरिकत तवरले िनकािने र सुरिकत िथानिा राखे। • िवशेष ििर तािलि पाप विि वा सुरका िनकायको सहयोि हनसके िा रामो हनि। • उतानो सुताउने। • नाक िुखिा के िह वितु भएिा हटाउने। • िचउडो उठाउने।
  • 16. • िवास फे नव सहज िनाउने। • रामो िवास फे नव सके को िैन भने ‘िुखािुख’ तिरका वा ‘िािक वि’ को पयोिले िवास फे राउने । • घािट वा ढाडिा चोट पटक भएिा (वा भएको शंका लािेिा) हलचल निराउने। • नयानो िनाउने। • तुरनतै िवािथय संिथािा लागे।
  • 17. िवष सेवन [poisoning] थोरै िातािा सेवन ििाव/हिा पिन हािन िनव सके सिै वितु लाई िवष िािननि। िवष िििसएका वितुहर, कितपय औषिध, संििित खानेकुरा, अनय उपयोििा आउने वितुहर, िवषाि वनिपित/जिडिुटी आिि पिन िवषयुि हनसकि। िवषजनय वितु ठोस, तरल वा गयास जे अविथािा पिन हनसकि।
  • 18. • सावधानी साथ जोिखियुि िथानिाट सुरिकत ठाउिा लगु/जानु पिव। सफा, शानत, रामो सास फे नव सिकने िथानिा राखु पिव। • नाक िूखिाट िवासपिवास हन ििनु पिव/सहज िनाउनु पिव। •िािहरी अंििा पभािवत भएिा सफा पानीले सफा िनुव पिव। िवषको असर भएका कपडा हटाउनु पिव।
  • 19. • तुरनतै सेवा पाइने िवािथय संिथािा लगु/जानु पिव। • िवष िवशेषको उपचार फरक फरक हनि। • पाप भएसमि समभािवत िवष, िवषको भाडो/ कािजपत िवािथयकिी/िचिकतसक लाई ििनुपिव।
  • 20. सपव क ो टोकाई [snake bite] • नआििने, नअतयाउने, टोके को ठाउिा सफा  पानीले सफा िने। • टोके को ठाउँ भनिा के िह िािथ रिालजितो वितुले िाधे, डाि िसे ििर कसु हिन।ै • सपवले टोके को ठाउिा काटने, चुसे निने। •सुििधा युि अिपताल/िवािथय संिथािा तुरनत लगे/जाने।
  • 21. ले क लािे ि ा [Altitude sickness] उि िहिाली भेििा जािा उचाइका कारण यितो सििया हन सकि। िवशेष ििर ििटोििटो ििर- जितै हवाइजहाज िाट जािा। यो सििया उचाईिा िएको ६ ििख े २४ घणटा िभत िखा पनव सकि। े उचाईिा अिकसजनको िात कि हने र शरीर तयहाको वातावरणिा घुलििल भईनसकिाको कारणले यितो हन सकि।
  • 22. लकण [symptom]: टाउको िखे, थकाई लागे, वानत आउन खोजनु, ु वानत आउनु, खान िन नलागु, िरिटा लागु, िननदा कि लागु, हात खुटा सुिननु आिि। रोकथािका लािि उचाई िा जानु भनिा पिहला रामो तयारी िनुव पिव।
  • 23. िचिकसकको परािशव िलएर जानु रामो हनि। र एकलै जानु भनिा सिुहिा जानु रामो हनि। निजकै उपलबध हनसके िवािथय संिथा के के िन् पिहियै जानकारी िलनु पिव। लेक लािेिा कि उचाईिा िने पिहलो काि हो। तयसपिि आराि िने। अनय कु रा िवािथयकिी वा अनुभिव वििको सिलाह ििोिजि िने।
  • 24. रे ि िज भएको जनावरले टोके ि ा रे ििज एक् पाण घातक सििया हो। तसथव जोसुकै सचेत हनु पिव। िवशेष ििर संििित कु कु रले टोके िा रे ििज हने ििव । किहले किह अनय संििित जनावर र संििित िानिेको कारणले पिन रे ििज हनेििव।   संििित कु कु रले अिवभािवक लकण िखाउिन् र अनिाजी १० ििन े जितिा ििवन। 
  • 25. कु कुर ले टोके ि ा [dog bite] घाउ भएको भािलाई सािुन पानी वा सफा पानीले किमतिा पिन ५ ििनेट समि सफा िने। • रित धेरै ििेिा सफा कपडाको टु िाले वा सफा हातले िठक िातिा िथचेर रित िग रोके । • िटटानस िवरदको खोप िलने। •तुरनत िवािथय संिथािा िइ रे ििज िवरदको खोप र अनय आवियक उपचार िलने।
  • 26. तातोले पोिनु /डडनु [burn] आिो, तातो वितु, कु नै रसायन, यनत आििको उि तापिि वा रासायिनक िुणको कारण पोिने वा डडने हन सकि। पोििा हिका िाला ििख िभित अंि समििा े आसार िरे को हन सकि ।
  • 27. • खतरायुि िथानिा रहकालाई(ले) सावधानी े पुववक सुरिकत िथानिा लगे(जाने)। • िवासपिवास िािव (नाक, िुख) खुला राखे। • िवासपिवास सहज हन ििने । सहज रि संचार हन ििने।(यो कु रा सिैजसो अविथािा आवियक नहनसकि तर पिन यो कु रा खयाल िनुव आवियक हनि।)
  • 28. • पोलेको ठाउिा लिातार सफा िचसो पानी हाली रहने। • फोकाहर नफोने। • िपउन सके िा पटक-पटक पानी िपउने/िपलाउने। • पभािवत विििा िपसाि कि हन नििनुलाई रामो िािननि। •जितसकिो चाडो िवािथय संिथािा िइ आवियक उपचार िलनु पिव।
  • 29. जीवन रकाको क ख ि/A B C (िवासपिवास र रि सं च ार) सिै पाथििक उपचारिा यो कु रा खयाल िनुव पिव। A- Airway िवास-पिवासको िाटो खुिला हनु पिव। नाक, िुख, िवास निल …आिि। B- Breathingिवासपिवास ििया भईरहनु पिव। C- Circulation रि संचार भईरहनु पिव। (िुटु धडकन र नाडी संचािलत ि वा िैन?)

Editor's Notes

  1. 05/11/12
  2. 05/11/12