The document provides information about the Islamic month of Ramadhan, including its importance and holiness. It discusses the reasons for fasting, rules regarding fasting, things that are prohibited or disliked while fasting. Exemptions from fasting are outlined, as well as requirements for making up missed fasts or providing a kaffara penalty. Guidelines are given for sighting the new moon to mark the beginning of each month. Recommended and sunnat fast days are listed.

1. O you who believe, Sawm is prescribed for you…..so that you may be
pious [2:183]

2. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE MONTH OF
RAMADHAN
1. The month of Ramadhan is the holiest month
in the Islamic Calendar.
2. The complete Holy Qur’an was revealed to
Prophet Muhammad (S) during this Holy
month.
3. Allah forgives us if we ask for forgiveness.
4. In this month is the night of Qadr, which is
better than a 1000 months.
5. Duas are easily accepted.

3. REASONS FOR FASTING
Realisation of how
poor people or the
unfortunate suffer
Brings about
Unity amongst us
It strengthens our
will power against
Haraam things
IT IS WAJIB
THE HOLY PROPHET (S)
HAS ADVISED THAT
WE SHOULD EAT
ENOUGH TO KILL THE
HUNGER & NOT MORE

4. MOONSIGHTING – HOW TO PROVE THE 1ST
OF THE MONTH
Sighted by a person
Satisfaction by one from someone who has seen the moon
Similar details of sighting of moon by 2 Adil persons
If 30 days pass from the 1st
of the moon of Shaaban/Ramadhan
If the moon is seen before noon, that day will be treated as the
1st
day of the month A halo (crown of light) around moon goes
to show that the new moon appeared the previous night.

5. Haraam Fasts
Eid-ul-Fitr
Eid-ul-Hajj
A fast kept despite illness.
Wajib Fasts
Fast during the month of Ramadhan.
Qadha fast for the month of Ramadhan.
Fast becoming wajib on account of Kaffara.
When a father dies, it is wajib on the eldest son to fast his Qadha fasts.
Fast broken or left out intentionally.
Makruh Fast
10th of Muharram (Ashura Day)

6. 27th Rajab
IT IS SUNNAT TO FAST EVERYDAY, HOWEVER CERTAIN DAYS ARE
STRONGLY RECOMMENDED.
ALL or as many days
of Rajab and Shaban
13th, 14th and 15th
of every Lunar month
Day of Nawroz
(21st March)
4th
- 9th
Shawwal
25th & 29th
Zilqad
First and last Thursday
of every month
1st Wednesday after
the 10th of every month
1st day - 9th
Zilhajj
18th of Zilhajj
Eid-e-Ghadeer
24th of Zilhajj
Eid-e-Mubahela
1st, 3rd and 7th
day of Muharram 17th Rabiul Awwal 15th Jamadiul Awwal

7. Muharram
M T W T F S S
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29
Safar
M T W T F S S
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30
Rabiul Awwal
M T W T F S S
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29
Rabiul Akher
M T W T F S S
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
Jamadil Awwal
M T W T F S S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Jamadil Akher
M T W T F S S
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29
S
U
N
N
A
T
F
A
S
T

8. S
U
N
N
A
T
F
A
S
T
Sha’baan
M T W T F S S
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29
Ramadhan
M T W T F S S
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
Shawwaal
M T W T F S S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Zilqad
M T W T F S S
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29
Zilhajj
M T W T F S S
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30
Rajab
M T W T F S S
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30

9. Sanity
Should be a Muslim and follow Islamic laws
Not in danger of illness by fasting.
Not a traveller.
Niyyat – MOST IMPORTANT
CONDITIONS OF FASTING
There is no need to utter it
"Qurbatan ilallah“ for the pleasure of Allah must be in mind
Niyyat made for the whole month together on the eve of the 1st
of Ramadhan OR
Individually on the eve of each day.
If you choose to do Niyyat for the whole month together, then if you miss a fast for
any reason in between, you will be required to do Niyyat again.
SAUM IS AN ACT OF WORSHIP. ITS MAIN AIM IS TO
STAY AWAY FROM FORBIDDEN THINGS SO AS TO
EARN "THE PLEASURE OF ALLAH BY OBEYING HIM."

10. Eating and drinking
Saying false things about Allah, Prophet (S) or the successors of the Holy
Prophet (S)
Making dust reach one's throat
Vomiting intentionally
THINGS THAT INVALIDATE A FAST IF DONE ON PURPOSE

11. THINGS THAT ARE MAKRUH WHEN FASTING
Putting water or using any
kind of mouthwash
unnecessarily
Using eye drops or Surma,
etc if its taste or smell can be
felt in the throat
Actions which would
make you physically
weak e.g. donating blood
Inhaling snuff and
smelling fragrance from
herbs and flowers
Tooth extraction or any
other action which will
cause you to bleed
A wet tooth
brush for
brushing
THE ABOVE 6 THINGS DO NOT BREAK YOUR FAST IF YOU DO THEM BUT IT IS
BETTER IF YOU DO NOT DO THEM.

12. PEOPLE EXEMPTED FROM FASTING
NO QADHA
TO GIVE
HAVE TO
GIVE QADHA
AFTER THE CONDITON
HAS PASSED
ELDERLY
ILL PERSON
NURSING
MOTHER PREGNANT
WOMAN
PAY FIDYA
AS WELL
PAY FIDYA
ONLY
FIDYAH IS ONE *MUDD I.E. 3/4 KG OF FOOD
PREFERENCE GIVEN TO WHEAT OR BARLEY

13. KAFFARA
The Kaffara for each fast is:
To free a slave; OR
To fast for 60 days; OR
To feed 60 poor to their fill or give 1 mudd* to each poor person
IT IS A GREAT SIN TO EAT OR DRINK DURING THE
DAYS OF HOLY RAMADHAN, OR DELIBERATELY COMMIT ACTS
WHICH BREAK THE FAST WITHOUT A JUSTIFIABLE REASON.
ANYONE WHO LEAVES OUT A FAST
PURPOSELY HAS TO GIVE QADHA AS WELL AS KAFFARA
IF A PERSON BREAKS HIS FAST BY A HARAAM ACTS
S/HE WILL HAVE TO GIVE ALL 3 KAFFARA TOGETHER

14.  




QADHA FASTS – WHEN TO KEEP?
ONE MUST KEEP A
QADHA FAST WHEN
ONE BREAKS A FAST
BEFORE / AFTER
FAST TIMING
QADHA FAST HAS TO
BE KEPT IF ONE
SWALLOWS WATER
PUT IN MOUTH TO
FEEL COOL
MUSLIM WILL KEEP
QADHA FASTS
MISSED WHEN ONE
WAS UNBELIEVER
ELDEST SON WILL
KEEP QADHA FASTS
OF HIS FATHER
WHEN THE FATHER
PASSES AWAY
SANE PERSON WILL
NOT KEEP FASTS
THAT WERE MISSED
WHEN INSANE
UNBELIEVER WILL
NOT KEEP FASTS
THAT WERE MISSED
WHEN ONE WAS AN
UNBELIEVER
QADHA FAST HAS TO
BE KEPT IF ONE
BREAKS FAST DUE
TO DANGER TO
ONE’S LIFE
QADHA FAST NOT
NECESSARY FOR AN
ILL PERSON WHO
DIES BEFORE THE
END OF THE HOLY
MONTH

15. FASTING WHEN TRAVELLING
FAST WILL BE
BROKEN WHEN
ONE CROSSES
HOME
BOUNDARY
YOU WILL NOT
FAST AT A
PLACE WHERE
YOU RECITE
QASR SALAAH
A PERSON
WHOSE JOB
IS TO TRAVEL
WILL FAST
E.G. PILOT
YOU WILL
FAST ON THE
DAY YOU REACH
HOME BEFORE
DHOHR TIME
BUT
YOU WILL NOT
FAST ON THE
DAY YOU REACH
HOME AFTER
DHOHR TIME
YOU WILL
NOT FAST IF
YOU TRAVEL
BEFORE
DHOHR TIME
BUT
YOU WILL
FAST IF YOU
TRAVEL AFTER
DHOHR TIME
YOU MUST
NOT FAST ON
THE DAY OF
TRAVEL