This document summarizes various financial investment sectors in India. It discusses financial services, the stock market, mutual funds, gold, bank fixed deposits, the Public Provident Fund (PPF), real estate, postal investments and insurance. It provides overviews of each sector, including their pros and cons, and how they work as investment options. The key sectors covered are the stock market, mutual funds, bank fixed deposits, PPF, real estate, postal investments and insurance.

1. *FINANCIAL SECTORS

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 Financial Services is term used to refer to the services provided
by the finance market, it is also deal with the management of
money.
 It is an interaction of various intermediaries, market instruments,
policy makers, and various regulations to aid the flow of savings
from savers to investors and managing the proper functioning of
the system

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*SHARE MARKET
*MUTUAL FUNDS
*GOLD
*BANK/FD
*PPF
*REAL ESTATE
*POST OFFICE
*INSURANCE

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 A place where share of public listed companies are traded
 It is an organization that provides a marketplace for either
physical or virtual trading shares, bonds and warrants where
investors may buy and sell shares of a wide range of
companies
 Pestle analysis is the tool used in share marketing
 NSE- National Stock Exchange More than 2000 listed stocks
from different sectors
 BSE- Bombay Stock Exchange More than 4000 listed
companies from different sectors
Basic activities in stock market is Buying & Selling

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Pros:-
 Grow with Economy
 Stay ahead of Inflation
 Easy to Buy
 Less amount is required for
investing
 High Liquidity
 Income from price appreciation
& Dividends
 Back by SEBI
Cons:-
 High Risk
 Takes time to research
 Taxes on profitable stock
 Ups and downs in Share
 Competing with institutional
& professional investors
 Common stock holders paid
last
 Cyber Crime

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 A mutual fund is an investment vehicle where many
investors pool their money to earn returns on their capital
over a period.
 This corpus of funds is managed by an investment
professional know as a fund manager or portfolio manger.
 It is his/her job to invest the corpus in different securities
such as bond, stocks, gold & other assets and seek to
provide potential returns.
 The gain or losses on the investment are shared collectively
by the investors in proportion to their contribution to the
fund

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Pros:-
 Liquidity
 Portfolio Diversification
 Cost Benefits from Scale
 Low- Cost Investment
Scheme
 Cost Efficiency
 Tax Savings
 Transparency
Cons:-
 High Costs Associated
 Diversification of Funds
 Fluctuating Returns
 Fund Evaluations
 Exit load

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 A gold fund is type of investment fund that hold assets
related to gold
 They comes in variety of forms
 It may be accessible through a financial institution such as a
commercial bank
 Gold funds offer investors a convenient way to gain
exposure to gold

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Pros:-
 Safe Haven
 Low Long-Term Volatility
 Tangibility
 Portfolio Diversification
 Simple to understand
Cons:-
 Liquidity
 Storage issues
 Taxes
 High Short- Term Volatility
 Speculative
 No Yield

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 Bank is a financial institution which accepts
deposits, pay interest on pre-defined rates, clears
checks, makes loans in financial transactions
 Banking System has evolved from Barbaric Banking
 Fixed Deposit is a way to save money and also
earned a interest
 FD ranging from min 7-14 days to max 10 years
 Interest you can earn is either paid at maturity or
on periodic basis depending on your choice

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Pros:-
 Back Bone of Indian Economy i.e. RBI
 It gives many Services
 Loan against FD
 Flexible
 High Return
 Easy to access
 Minimum Balance options
 Development in rural areas
Cons:-
 Penalties on withdrawal
 Risk of Public Debt
 Chances of Bank Going Bankrupt
 Risk of Fraud and Robberies
 Tax Returns
 Fixed rate of Interest
 Inflation Risk

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 PPF is savings cum tax saving in India
 Main Objective of the scheme is to mobilize small savings
 The Scheme is fully guaranteed by the Central Government
 It is introduced by the government on 12 December 2019,
resulted of the earlier 1968 Public Provident Scheme
 A minimum yearly 500 rupees is required to open & maintain
 Maximum can deposit of 1.5 lac
 There are 3 types of PPF i.e. GPF EPF PPF

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Pros:-
 Safe investment with a certain return
 Low investment amount i.e. 500
 Loan against your PPF account
 Flexibility
 PPF offers tax benefits
 Even minors can open a PPF
Cons:-
 It is long lock in period of 15 years
 Due to lock in period you lose your
liquidity
 Not ideal for large investment
 In high Inflation it may not be able
to protect your invested wealth
 Joint PPF accounts cannot be
opened unless in case of minor

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 It is property consisting land & the buildings on it
 Real Estate is often purchased as an investment
 It is best collateral investment
 Real Estate Regulatory Authority ( RERA) regulation of the real
estate sector and also acts as an adjudicating body
 RERA is different in different state

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Pros:-
 It has unique tax benefits
 Provides a steady Cash Flow
 It lets you use Leverage
 Less Stating Capital
 Its builds Equity
 Hedge against Inflation
Cons:-
 It Requires Money
 Takes a lot of Time
 Long term Investment
 It can be Problematic
 Investing has unique risk
 Its benefits don’t always apply

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 India Post is government operated postal system in
India
 Warren Hastings had taken initiative under East
India Company in 1766
 It is local office where mail is received sorted &
delivered
 Also stamps & other postal materials are sold
 It is the back bone of the country's communication
 Around 1,55,015 post office
 It has maximum branches

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Pros:-
 Low minimum amount i.e. 1000
 High interest rate
 Premature withdrawal Cons:-
 The maximum tenure of a post office
FD is 5 year
 If you opt a premature withdrawal you
may be charged a fee
 Most services are not online
 Interest pay-out is only annually

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 It is an contract in which an individual or entity receives
financial protection or reimbursement against losses from an
company
 Serves as an agency of capital formation
 It compensate specified loss, damage, illness or death in
return for a payment of a premium
 Source of employment

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Pros:-
 Perfect cover for your family after you are
gone
 Benefits of Compensation
 Tax Benefits
 Financial support post retirement
 For smooth business operation
Cons:-
 Tricky term and conditions
 Lengthy legal formalities
 Potential crime incidents
 Lack of investment control
 s

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