The document provides an overview of various financial sectors including stock markets, banking, mutual funds, real estate, gold, public provident fund, post office savings, and life insurance, detailing their pros and cons. It highlights the importance of a robust financial sector in a healthy economy and how different investment options provide varying degrees of risk and returns. Additionally, it notes changing investment preferences among the Indian populace due to the pandemic.

1. SECTOR PRESENTATION
Financial Sectors
Prepared By- Abhilash Dutta
The Assam Kaziranga University

2. Introduction
Meaning of Financial Sectors:
The financial sector is a section of the economy made up of firms and institutions that provide financial
services to commercial and retail customers.
"A strong financial sector is a sign of a healthy economy.”

3.  The stock market is where ownership shares of publicly traded companies are
bought and sold.
 Pestle analysis is the tool used in share marketing
 NSE- National Stock Exchange More than 2000 listed stocks from different
sectors
 BSE- Bombay Stock Exchange More than 4000 listed companies from
different sectors
 Basic activities in stock market is Buying & Selling

4. CONS
PROS & CONS OF STOCK MARKET
PROS
PROS CONS
1.High Chances of Return
2.Regulated by SEBI
3.Multiple Options Available
4.Digitalization
5.Ownership Benefits
1.Highly Volatile
2.High Risk Involved
3.Huge Market Knowledge
4.No Tax Benefit
5.Insider Trading

5. Banking Sector
Bank is a financial institution which accepts deposits,
pay interest on pre-defined rates, clears checks, makes
loans in financial transactions
Financial Intermediation:
Connects funds with borrowers, fostering economic growth and stability.
Payment Services:
Ensures financial accessibility through secure transactions and reliable services.
Risk Management:
Maintains stability by diversifying portfolios, ensuring economic resilience and adaptability.

6. CONS
PROS
PROS CONS
1.Interest Returns (5% to 7%)
2.No Tax Benefits
3. Penalties for Premature
Withdrawal
PROS & CONS OF BANKING SECTOR
1.Safety and Security
2. Fixed and Assured Return
3. Loan Facility
4. Easy Liquidity
5. Digitalization

7. MUTUAL
FUNDS
A mutual fund is an investment vehicle where many investors pool their money to earn returns on their capital over a period
This corpus of funds is managed by an investment professional know as a fund manager or portfolio manger.
It is his/her job to invest the corpus in different securities such as bond, stocks, gold & other assets and seek to provide
potential return.
The gain or losses on the investment are shared collectively by the investors in proportion to their contribution to the fund

8. CONS
PROS
PROS CONS
1.Subject to Market Risk
2. Fluctuating Return
3. No Tax Benefit
4. High Commission Charges
5. Lesser Control over Investment
PROS & CONS OF MUTUAL FUND
1.Moderate Returns
2. Regulated by SEBI
3. Moderate Liquidity
4. Professional Assistance
5.Multiple options available

9. REAL
ESTATE
Real estate investing refers to the purchase of property as an investment to generate
income rather than using it as a primary residence. In simple terms, it can be
understood as any land, building, infrastructure and other tangible property which is
usually immovable but transferable.
Real Estate Regulatory Authority (RERA)
regulation of the real estate sector and also acts
as an adjudicating body RERA is different
in different state

10. CONS
PROS
PROS CONS
1.Low Returns (6-7%)
2.Geographical Differences
3.No Tax Benefits
4.Brokerage Charges
5.Low Liquidity
PROS & CONS OF REAL ESTATE
1.Secondary Income
2. Loan Facility
3.Inflation Cover
4.Wealth Creation

11. GOLD
Due to some influencing factors such as high liquidity and
inflation-beating capacity, gold is one of the most preferred
investments in India. Gold investment can be done in many forms
like buying jewelry, coins, bars, gold exchange-traded funds, Gold
funds, sovereign gold bond scheme, etc.
Digital gold is a new age investment instrument that allows you to
invest in 24 Karat, 999.9 purest gold, which is then stored in
MMTC-PAMP's secure vaults under your ownership. If you wish to
take possession of the same, you can redeem digital gold for 24
Karat, 999.9 purest gold coins and gold bars.

12. CONS
PROS
PROS CONS
PROS & CONS OF GOLD
1.Inflation Cover
2. Loan Facility
3. Protection Against
Uncertainty
1.Low Returns
2.Low Liquidity
3.Storage Issue
4.Lesser Resale Value
5.No Tax Benefit

13. Public Provident Fund

14. CONS
PROS
PROS CONS
PROS & CONS OF PPF
1.Fixed and Assumed Return
2.Safety and Security
3.Government Backbone
4.Moderate Return
5.Minors Can Also Invest
1.Locking Period of Seven
Years
2.Limited Withdrawal Options

15. Post Office Savings
 Indian Post offers diverse investment
options to cater to the varying needs of
different investors.
 All Post office savings schemes guarantee
returns as they are backed up by the
government of India.
 Moreover, most of the post office
investment schemes are tax-exempt under
Section 80C, i.e. tax Rs. exemption up to
1,50,000 is allowed.

16. CONS
PROS
PROS CONS
PROS & CONS OF Post Office Savings
1.Safety
2. Accessibility
3.Low Risk
4. Fixed Deposits
5.Recurring Deposits
1.Lower Returns
2.Limited Liquidity
3.Inflation Impact
4.Taxation
5. No ATM or Online Transactions
6.Technology Lag

17. Life Insurance
Life Insurance is a contract between an
insurance policy holder and an insurer, where
the insurer promises to pay a sum of money
to the beneficiary when the insured person
dies or after a pre-determined period in
exchange for the premiums paid by
policyholder

18. CONS
PROS
PROS CONS
PROS & CONS OF LIFE INSURANCE
1.Higher Premium for Higher Age
2. Tricky term & conditions
1.High Returns
2.Additional Bonuses
3.Tax Benefits
4.Moderate Liquidity
5.Life Cover

19. Banking is the sector on top of the list of mutual fund holdings. Whereas, most of the Indian
citizens (near about 62%) preferred insurance as an investment as it has low risk and a
great death benefit. Pandemic has also changed the investing preferences of the people now
people want to get secure future for their family after his/her death. On the other hand,
Mutual funds are also growing in India as it has lower risk and handled by qualified finance
managers. In the end, we can say that whole financial sector is in dynamic phase which has
infinite number of investing opportunities for the investors.