This document is a project report on global warming presented by 4 students to the Department of Management Studies at North Maharashtra University in Jalgaon, India. It includes an index listing the chapter topics which are introductions to global warming, its history, the definition of climate change, projections of future global warming, the greenhouse effect, key greenhouse gases, causes and effects of warming. The report provides background information on the science and impacts of global warming.
1) Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane trap radiation in the atmosphere and prevent it from escaping, causing global temperatures to rise.
2) Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Coal and oil release more complex molecules and ash than natural gas.
3) Evidence of global warming includes rising sea levels, coral reef die-off, more extreme weather, and rapid warming in some regions like the Antarctic Peninsula.
Global warming is caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. This traps heat and causes the planet to warm. Effects of global warming include climate change, rising sea levels, changes to water availability, and increased health risks from the spread of diseases. Scientists agree that human activities are the dominant cause of global warming since the mid-20th century based on extensive peer-reviewed research. Ways to prevent further global warming include reducing greenhouse gas emissions through policies, more sustainable energy sources, and changes to transportation and land use.
Global warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere from human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation. These gases trap heat in the lower atmosphere and have caused the planet's average temperature to rise over time, known as global warming. If left unaddressed, global warming will have severe consequences including more extreme weather, higher sea levels, and mass extinction of wildlife. Individual actions like reducing energy usage, waste, and switching to renewable energy can help mitigate the effects of global warming.
Global warming is already occurring due to human-induced climate change and future changes are inevitable. This summer's heat is consistent with long-term warming trends and is one of the hottest on record. Global warming poses serious challenges and is caused by emissions of heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide released primarily by burning fossil fuels. Addressing global warming will require using energy more efficiently, transitioning to renewable energy, reducing dependence on fossil fuels, and developing new technologies.
Global warming poses grave dangers to our future if steps are not taken now to curb it. It is defined as the increase in Earth's temperature caused by human activities that release greenhouse gases. Burning fossil fuels, intensive farming, deforestation, and population growth all accelerate global warming. The consequences include more extreme weather, rising sea levels, spread of diseases, and threats to food and water supplies. To address this, a campaign aims to plant 100 million trees globally by October 2008 through initiatives like Mission Green Earth that encourage individuals to take action against the largest environmental problem.
This document discusses global warming and its causes and effects. It begins by defining global warming as the rising of Earth's temperatures due to more heat being trapped near the surface. It then explains the greenhouse effect, where gases like carbon dioxide and methane absorb and emit infrared radiation, trapping heat. The document lists several human causes of increased greenhouse gases, such as the burning of fossil fuels for energy and transportation. It also discusses how deforestation reduces carbon dioxide absorption. The effects of global warming mentioned include melting glaciers, rising sea levels which can flood low-lying areas, more wildfires, and destruction of forests due to acid rain. The document concludes by suggesting some precautions like using renewable energy, driving efficient vehicles, planting
Global warming is caused by greenhouse gas emissions trapping heat in the atmosphere. It has led to increased average global temperatures by 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit since 1880. Some effects of global warming include more extreme weather, rising sea levels, and threats to plant and animal species. While some recent data shows ice gain in parts of Antarctica, scientists agree this is actually caused by global warming through ocean warming and increased freshwater runoff from melting glaciers diluting sea water and allowing it to freeze more easily. Overall, the scientific consensus remains that global warming poses severe risks to both human and natural systems.
1) Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane trap radiation in the atmosphere and prevent it from escaping, causing global temperatures to rise.
2) Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Coal and oil release more complex molecules and ash than natural gas.
3) Evidence of global warming includes rising sea levels, coral reef die-off, more extreme weather, and rapid warming in some regions like the Antarctic Peninsula.
Global warming is caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. This traps heat and causes the planet to warm. Effects of global warming include climate change, rising sea levels, changes to water availability, and increased health risks from the spread of diseases. Scientists agree that human activities are the dominant cause of global warming since the mid-20th century based on extensive peer-reviewed research. Ways to prevent further global warming include reducing greenhouse gas emissions through policies, more sustainable energy sources, and changes to transportation and land use.
Global warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere from human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation. These gases trap heat in the lower atmosphere and have caused the planet's average temperature to rise over time, known as global warming. If left unaddressed, global warming will have severe consequences including more extreme weather, higher sea levels, and mass extinction of wildlife. Individual actions like reducing energy usage, waste, and switching to renewable energy can help mitigate the effects of global warming.
Global warming is already occurring due to human-induced climate change and future changes are inevitable. This summer's heat is consistent with long-term warming trends and is one of the hottest on record. Global warming poses serious challenges and is caused by emissions of heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide released primarily by burning fossil fuels. Addressing global warming will require using energy more efficiently, transitioning to renewable energy, reducing dependence on fossil fuels, and developing new technologies.
Global warming poses grave dangers to our future if steps are not taken now to curb it. It is defined as the increase in Earth's temperature caused by human activities that release greenhouse gases. Burning fossil fuels, intensive farming, deforestation, and population growth all accelerate global warming. The consequences include more extreme weather, rising sea levels, spread of diseases, and threats to food and water supplies. To address this, a campaign aims to plant 100 million trees globally by October 2008 through initiatives like Mission Green Earth that encourage individuals to take action against the largest environmental problem.
This document discusses global warming and its causes and effects. It begins by defining global warming as the rising of Earth's temperatures due to more heat being trapped near the surface. It then explains the greenhouse effect, where gases like carbon dioxide and methane absorb and emit infrared radiation, trapping heat. The document lists several human causes of increased greenhouse gases, such as the burning of fossil fuels for energy and transportation. It also discusses how deforestation reduces carbon dioxide absorption. The effects of global warming mentioned include melting glaciers, rising sea levels which can flood low-lying areas, more wildfires, and destruction of forests due to acid rain. The document concludes by suggesting some precautions like using renewable energy, driving efficient vehicles, planting
Global warming is caused by greenhouse gas emissions trapping heat in the atmosphere. It has led to increased average global temperatures by 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit since 1880. Some effects of global warming include more extreme weather, rising sea levels, and threats to plant and animal species. While some recent data shows ice gain in parts of Antarctica, scientists agree this is actually caused by global warming through ocean warming and increased freshwater runoff from melting glaciers diluting sea water and allowing it to freeze more easily. Overall, the scientific consensus remains that global warming poses severe risks to both human and natural systems.
Global warming refers to rising global temperatures caused by increased greenhouse gas emissions from human activities like burning fossil fuels. The greenhouse effect occurs naturally but has been exacerbated by human activity, trapping more heat and increasing earth's temperature. If unchecked, the consequences of global warming include extreme weather, rising sea levels, species extinction, health impacts, and economic effects. The document examines the causes and potential future impacts of climate change if actions are or are not taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The document discusses global warming and its causes and effects. It notes that global warming is caused by increased greenhouse gases from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. This has led to rising global temperatures and more extreme weather. Effects include habitat destruction, species extinction, and adverse impacts on human health, water resources, and coastal populations. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, switching to renewable energy, and increasing forests are recommended to mitigate global warming. Individual actions like reducing consumption and spreading awareness can also help address the problem.
Global warming is causing significant changes to the Earth's climate. Glaciers and ice sheets are melting, sea levels are rising, and extreme weather events are becoming more common. The scientific consensus is that human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, have increased greenhouse gas levels and caused most of the warming observed since the mid-20th century. As temperatures continue to rise, the impacts on the environment, plants and animals, weather patterns, and human society will intensify and become more costly. Individual actions to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions can help address the problem.
The document discusses the causes and effects of global warming. It explains that increased air pollutants like methane, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and CFCs in the atmosphere are enhancing the greenhouse effect and trapping more heat, causing global temperatures to rise. Some consequences of rising temperatures include more extreme weather events, rising sea levels that could flood coastal areas, and threats to wildlife and ecosystems. Suggested measures to reduce global warming include decreasing emissions of greenhouse gases through actions by individuals, countries, and on a global scale.
Global Warming (full topic, Causes, impacts,Solution etc.)oDesk
The document discusses global warming and its causes and consequences. It lists the group members and then defines global warming as an increase in average surface temperature due to greenhouse gases from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. It identifies the key causes of global warming as the greenhouse effect, carbon dioxide emissions, methane from livestock, and deforestation. Consequences discussed include damage to the ozone layer, health impacts like more heat waves and worsening pollution, rising temperatures, and ocean acidification harming marine life. It concludes by emphasizing the need to reduce carbon emissions through individual actions like using less energy and transportation.
The document discusses global warming, providing an introduction, history, causes, effects and steps that can be taken. It notes that global warming refers to rising average temperatures since the late 19th century due to increased greenhouse gases from sources like fossil fuel burning and deforestation. Some effects include melting ice caps, more extreme weather, and rising sea levels. Reducing emissions through clean energy and more fuel-efficient transportation can help address the risks of global warming.
Global warming is caused by human-produced greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels. It is causing rising temperatures worldwide and changes to climate patterns that threaten ecosystems and human communities. While reducing emissions could help limit future warming, some impacts are already unavoidable due to past emissions and warming humanity has already caused. Solutions involve transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and carbon sequestration technologies.
The document is a student assignment on global warming. It discusses the causes and effects of global warming, including how human activity like burning fossil fuels is overloading the atmosphere with carbon dioxide and trapping heat. It reviews literature from experts acknowledging the threat of climate change. The assignment analyzes ways to control global warming like reducing energy and fossil fuel use and planting trees. It concludes that while individual efforts may seem small, collective action is needed and successes should be celebrated.
Global warming is caused by the increasing levels of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere from human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and agriculture. This has led to increased global surface temperatures and more extreme weather events. Some of the impacts of global warming include rising sea levels, worsening air pollution and heat waves, changing rain patterns impacting food supply, and increased wildfires and pest outbreaks. Governments and individuals need to take actions like transitioning to renewable energy and reducing emissions to control the problem of global warming.
Global warming refers to the average increase in Earth's temperature caused by both natural and man-made factors such as greenhouse gas emissions. The document discusses the causes and effects of global warming as well as resolutions like the Kyoto Protocol, which aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and individual actions that can be taken to address the issue.
Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect trapping heat in the atmosphere due to increasing levels of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide from human activities since the Industrial Revolution. This has led to a rise in global temperatures and is causing severe consequences like sea level rise, more extreme weather events, and effects on ecosystems. While developing countries contribute less greenhouse gas emissions, they are often the most severely impacted. Recommendations to mitigate global warming include reducing fossil fuel usage, transitioning to renewable energy, and developing new technologies.
this slide was compteted by our group members. they are hazirah, syuzeliana,hafizah, fatimah and me... just as exercise for lsp 402 from e. sofwan..huhu
The Presentation is about Global Warming that is the most top matters which currently discuses in United Nation and all around the world, All countries around the world should work on this subject to prevent global warming and keep the earth gold based on rules and regulations govern by United Nation
This document discusses global warming and its effects through animation. It introduces animation and its history. It then defines global warming and discusses its causes like greenhouse gas emissions and effects like ice melt. It presents information on greenhouse gases and their role in the greenhouse effect. Finally, it discusses the tools and process used to create an animation on global warming and its conclusions.
The document discusses global warming and its causes, effects, and potential solutions. It notes that global warming is happening due to human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, trapping heat in the atmosphere. It is increasing global temperatures and fueling more extreme weather like droughts, heat waves, and hurricanes. While the US has started to address the problem, more action is urgently needed from both government and individuals to transition away from fossil fuels and cut emissions in order to prevent the worst impacts of climate change.
Global warming is caused by increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from human activities like burning fossil fuels. It is already causing changes to the physical, chemical, and biological processes of the Earth that are evident on every continent. If left unaddressed, global warming will have wide-ranging impacts on people, freshwater, oceans, ecosystems, and temperatures worldwide. Solutions include investing in clean energy, green jobs, and smart energy policies to limit pollution while transitioning to more sustainable transportation, housing, and infrastructure.
This document contains a presentation on climate change given in Narvik, Norway. It discusses the shrinking of the Upsala glacier in Patagonia-Argentina over time. It then covers the natural and human causes of climate change, including the greenhouse effect and how excess fossil fuel use has increased greenhouse gases. Key indicators of climate change are outlined as well as the impacts of a warming planet like extreme weather. Solutions proposed include reducing emissions through choices like using renewable energy and recycling. The importance of individual and collective action is stressed.
This document discusses global warming and its impacts. It begins by defining global warming as the theory that human industrialization is increasing greenhouse gases and trapping more heat in the atmosphere. It then discusses some of the potential impacts of global warming, such as rising sea levels flooding coastal cities, more extreme weather events, and species migrating or going extinct. The document ends by suggesting some actions that can be taken to address global warming, such as using wind energy, reducing CO2 emissions, planting trees, and recycling.
Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide trapping heat in the atmosphere. When sunlight reaches Earth, some is absorbed and warms the surface while the rest radiates back out. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb some of this outgoing radiation and reflect it back to Earth, warming the atmosphere in a process known as the greenhouse effect. Major causes of increased greenhouse gases are burning fossil fuels for electricity and transportation, methane from agriculture and livestock, deforestation, fertilizer usage, and increased chemical usage on farms. Effects of global warming include rising sea levels worldwide, more extreme storms, crop failures, species extinction, and destruction of coral reefs.
Presentation in the context of the "World Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation" and the
"3rd World Climate Teach-In Day“ by The Catalan Office for Climate Change.
The document discusses several ways that climate change can be addressed, including through actions by scientists, politicians, and society. It notes that climate change affects food production, water availability, wildlife, and health. It also discusses the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through investments in cleaner technologies and energy sources to stabilize their concentration in the atmosphere. Delaying emission reductions risks more severe climate impacts. The document proposes developing public transit systems and renewable electricity as ways to encourage low-carbon transportation and energy.
Global warming refers to rising global temperatures caused by increased greenhouse gas emissions from human activities like burning fossil fuels. The greenhouse effect occurs naturally but has been exacerbated by human activity, trapping more heat and increasing earth's temperature. If unchecked, the consequences of global warming include extreme weather, rising sea levels, species extinction, health impacts, and economic effects. The document examines the causes and potential future impacts of climate change if actions are or are not taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The document discusses global warming and its causes and effects. It notes that global warming is caused by increased greenhouse gases from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. This has led to rising global temperatures and more extreme weather. Effects include habitat destruction, species extinction, and adverse impacts on human health, water resources, and coastal populations. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, switching to renewable energy, and increasing forests are recommended to mitigate global warming. Individual actions like reducing consumption and spreading awareness can also help address the problem.
Global warming is causing significant changes to the Earth's climate. Glaciers and ice sheets are melting, sea levels are rising, and extreme weather events are becoming more common. The scientific consensus is that human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, have increased greenhouse gas levels and caused most of the warming observed since the mid-20th century. As temperatures continue to rise, the impacts on the environment, plants and animals, weather patterns, and human society will intensify and become more costly. Individual actions to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions can help address the problem.
The document discusses the causes and effects of global warming. It explains that increased air pollutants like methane, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and CFCs in the atmosphere are enhancing the greenhouse effect and trapping more heat, causing global temperatures to rise. Some consequences of rising temperatures include more extreme weather events, rising sea levels that could flood coastal areas, and threats to wildlife and ecosystems. Suggested measures to reduce global warming include decreasing emissions of greenhouse gases through actions by individuals, countries, and on a global scale.
Global Warming (full topic, Causes, impacts,Solution etc.)oDesk
The document discusses global warming and its causes and consequences. It lists the group members and then defines global warming as an increase in average surface temperature due to greenhouse gases from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. It identifies the key causes of global warming as the greenhouse effect, carbon dioxide emissions, methane from livestock, and deforestation. Consequences discussed include damage to the ozone layer, health impacts like more heat waves and worsening pollution, rising temperatures, and ocean acidification harming marine life. It concludes by emphasizing the need to reduce carbon emissions through individual actions like using less energy and transportation.
The document discusses global warming, providing an introduction, history, causes, effects and steps that can be taken. It notes that global warming refers to rising average temperatures since the late 19th century due to increased greenhouse gases from sources like fossil fuel burning and deforestation. Some effects include melting ice caps, more extreme weather, and rising sea levels. Reducing emissions through clean energy and more fuel-efficient transportation can help address the risks of global warming.
Global warming is caused by human-produced greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels. It is causing rising temperatures worldwide and changes to climate patterns that threaten ecosystems and human communities. While reducing emissions could help limit future warming, some impacts are already unavoidable due to past emissions and warming humanity has already caused. Solutions involve transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and carbon sequestration technologies.
The document is a student assignment on global warming. It discusses the causes and effects of global warming, including how human activity like burning fossil fuels is overloading the atmosphere with carbon dioxide and trapping heat. It reviews literature from experts acknowledging the threat of climate change. The assignment analyzes ways to control global warming like reducing energy and fossil fuel use and planting trees. It concludes that while individual efforts may seem small, collective action is needed and successes should be celebrated.
Global warming is caused by the increasing levels of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere from human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and agriculture. This has led to increased global surface temperatures and more extreme weather events. Some of the impacts of global warming include rising sea levels, worsening air pollution and heat waves, changing rain patterns impacting food supply, and increased wildfires and pest outbreaks. Governments and individuals need to take actions like transitioning to renewable energy and reducing emissions to control the problem of global warming.
Global warming refers to the average increase in Earth's temperature caused by both natural and man-made factors such as greenhouse gas emissions. The document discusses the causes and effects of global warming as well as resolutions like the Kyoto Protocol, which aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and individual actions that can be taken to address the issue.
Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect trapping heat in the atmosphere due to increasing levels of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide from human activities since the Industrial Revolution. This has led to a rise in global temperatures and is causing severe consequences like sea level rise, more extreme weather events, and effects on ecosystems. While developing countries contribute less greenhouse gas emissions, they are often the most severely impacted. Recommendations to mitigate global warming include reducing fossil fuel usage, transitioning to renewable energy, and developing new technologies.
this slide was compteted by our group members. they are hazirah, syuzeliana,hafizah, fatimah and me... just as exercise for lsp 402 from e. sofwan..huhu
The Presentation is about Global Warming that is the most top matters which currently discuses in United Nation and all around the world, All countries around the world should work on this subject to prevent global warming and keep the earth gold based on rules and regulations govern by United Nation
This document discusses global warming and its effects through animation. It introduces animation and its history. It then defines global warming and discusses its causes like greenhouse gas emissions and effects like ice melt. It presents information on greenhouse gases and their role in the greenhouse effect. Finally, it discusses the tools and process used to create an animation on global warming and its conclusions.
The document discusses global warming and its causes, effects, and potential solutions. It notes that global warming is happening due to human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, trapping heat in the atmosphere. It is increasing global temperatures and fueling more extreme weather like droughts, heat waves, and hurricanes. While the US has started to address the problem, more action is urgently needed from both government and individuals to transition away from fossil fuels and cut emissions in order to prevent the worst impacts of climate change.
Global warming is caused by increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from human activities like burning fossil fuels. It is already causing changes to the physical, chemical, and biological processes of the Earth that are evident on every continent. If left unaddressed, global warming will have wide-ranging impacts on people, freshwater, oceans, ecosystems, and temperatures worldwide. Solutions include investing in clean energy, green jobs, and smart energy policies to limit pollution while transitioning to more sustainable transportation, housing, and infrastructure.
This document contains a presentation on climate change given in Narvik, Norway. It discusses the shrinking of the Upsala glacier in Patagonia-Argentina over time. It then covers the natural and human causes of climate change, including the greenhouse effect and how excess fossil fuel use has increased greenhouse gases. Key indicators of climate change are outlined as well as the impacts of a warming planet like extreme weather. Solutions proposed include reducing emissions through choices like using renewable energy and recycling. The importance of individual and collective action is stressed.
This document discusses global warming and its impacts. It begins by defining global warming as the theory that human industrialization is increasing greenhouse gases and trapping more heat in the atmosphere. It then discusses some of the potential impacts of global warming, such as rising sea levels flooding coastal cities, more extreme weather events, and species migrating or going extinct. The document ends by suggesting some actions that can be taken to address global warming, such as using wind energy, reducing CO2 emissions, planting trees, and recycling.
Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide trapping heat in the atmosphere. When sunlight reaches Earth, some is absorbed and warms the surface while the rest radiates back out. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb some of this outgoing radiation and reflect it back to Earth, warming the atmosphere in a process known as the greenhouse effect. Major causes of increased greenhouse gases are burning fossil fuels for electricity and transportation, methane from agriculture and livestock, deforestation, fertilizer usage, and increased chemical usage on farms. Effects of global warming include rising sea levels worldwide, more extreme storms, crop failures, species extinction, and destruction of coral reefs.
Presentation in the context of the "World Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation" and the
"3rd World Climate Teach-In Day“ by The Catalan Office for Climate Change.
The document discusses several ways that climate change can be addressed, including through actions by scientists, politicians, and society. It notes that climate change affects food production, water availability, wildlife, and health. It also discusses the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through investments in cleaner technologies and energy sources to stabilize their concentration in the atmosphere. Delaying emission reductions risks more severe climate impacts. The document proposes developing public transit systems and renewable electricity as ways to encourage low-carbon transportation and energy.
A land degradation assessment and mapping method. A standard guideline propos...csfd
Brabant Pierre, 2010. A land degradation assessment and mapping method. A standard guideline proposal. Les dossiers thématiques du CSFD. N°8. November 2010. CSFD/Agropolis International, Montpellier, France. 52 pp. - Arable land is a vital resource for humankind. Cultivation of this land generates food to meet the daily needs of the world’s population. This land is limited and the area is constantly shrinking—2 ha/inhabitant in 1900 versus 0.4 in 2010—due to the impact of human activities and population growth. Arable land is not a naturally renewable resource on the time scale of human evolution and is invaluable as it cannot be manufactured. This land therefore has to be properly managed. It is thus essential to understand the actual land degradation status so as to be able to draw up protection, restoration and/or sustainable management policies.
Land Degradation Neutrality and adaptation to climate changeNAP Events
Presentation by: Lorena Santamaria Rojas
3.4 Synergy between climate change adaptation and other issues
The session will introduce approaches for facilitating synergy and inter-linkages in the implementation of climate change adaptation actions in the context of the formulation and implementation of NAPs, and relevant actions on biodiversity and desertification/land degradation. It will discuss the existing arrangements and opportunities, including capacity-building, and how can countries build on these to explore synergy between the three issues. It will also include practical experiences from countries.
This document discusses some of the negative effects of climate change, including:
1) Changing patterns of crop yields with countries like India potentially losing 50% of agricultural land due to desertification.
2) Rising sea levels which have risen 3.3mm between 1993-2006 and could rise 88cm by 2100, putting low-lying coastal areas and cities at risk of flooding.
3) Retreating glaciers as most world glaciers are retreating due to rising temperatures, which could affect ocean currents and temperatures in northern Europe if Arctic melting diverts the Gulf Stream.
This document discusses Bangladesh's experience with climate change impacts and adaptation strategies. It provides background on the vulnerability of Bangladesh's deltas to sea level rise, cyclones, and flooding. It then outlines several autonomous and planned adaptation approaches used in Bangladesh, including coastal afforestation, embankments, transitional shelters, and housing elevated on stilts. The document recommends prioritizing mangrove planting, implementing tidal river management, encouraging accommodative settlement patterns, and facilitating planned resettlement to safer areas. It stresses the importance of community participation and cultural acceptance for successful adaptation.
Biodiversity and climate change - Avenues for adaptations by Sarath Ekanayake discusses how biodiversity in Sri Lanka provides essential services but is threatened by climate change, and outlines strategies to help biodiversity adapt. Sri Lanka has a great diversity of ecosystems and species, and biodiversity underpins the country's economy, food/water security, and tourism. However, climate change is causing issues like increased flooding and drought that impact forests, agriculture, and human-wildlife conflict. The document recommends identifying vulnerable biodiversity, reducing non-climate pressures, and enhancing resilient landscapes through actions like conserving forests, controlling fires, and accommodating wildlife in urban areas to help biodiversity adapt to climate change impacts.
National strategies on integrating climate change adaptationNAP Events
This document summarizes Cambodia's approach to mainstreaming climate change adaptation into development planning. It outlines key milestones in Cambodia's climate change policy, including establishing a National Climate Change Committee in 2006 and launching a Climate Change Strategic Plan in 2013. The strategic plan aims to integrate climate change responses into national and sectoral development plans over the short, medium and long term. It also describes Cambodia's process for operationalizing the strategic plan through institutional strengthening, research, and mainstreaming climate change considerations into areas like planning, budgeting, monitoring and evaluation, and legal frameworks at both the national and sub-national levels.
This was a presentation done at a working session meeting by the African Group of Negotiators (AGN), United National Economic Commission for Africa/African Climate Policy Centre (UNECA/ACPC), Africa Development Bank (AfDB), The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and AfricaInteract with support from International Development Research Centre (IDRC) for the agriculture and gender negotiators and experts to prepare the AGN submission to the upcoming 44th session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) scheduled to take place from 16 to 26 May 2016 in Bonn, Germany.
Forests and Climate Change: Linking Adaptation and MitigationCIFOR-ICRAF
There are two approaches to combating climate change, adaptation and mitigation, and forests can contribute to both. Too often these two approaches are treated as separate strategies. In this presentation, titled “Forests and Climate Change: Linking Adaptation and Mitigation”, CIFOR and CIRAD scientist Bruno Locatelli explains the possible synergies between adaptation to and mitigation of climate change.
The document discusses climate change impacts observed in Mauritius such as rising temperatures and sea levels. It outlines studies conducted on climate change and key adaptation projects funded by the AAP and AFB to mainstream adaptation. These projects focus on coastal protection, disaster risk reduction, and climate-resilient development. Upcoming projects include a climate change observatory and strengthened efforts in coastal management, agriculture, and climate negotiation.
Muyambi Benda FORTUNATE "Land degradation assessment in the IGAD Region - Its...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document summarizes a land degradation assessment in the IGAD region of Africa. Several key factors that contribute to land degradation are analyzed using earth observation data, including vegetation cover, rainfall erosivity, population density, soil erodibility, and slope length. Maps are produced showing vegetation condition, rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, terrain slope, and a combined land degradation index. The assessment finds that 45% of the IGAD region is affected by considerable land degradation, with the most extensive areas located in eastern and northern parts of the region. Several hotspot areas are also identified for more detailed analysis.
Kenya climate change_adaptation_preparednesscenafrica
Africa has contributed very little to global warming, but it will be severely affected by climate change. This study examines Kenya's vulnerability to climate impacts and its preparedness to address them. It finds that Kenya's economy and livelihoods depend heavily on natural resources and are very sensitive to climate fluctuations, making it highly vulnerable. Climate change is already causing problems like more frequent droughts and the spread of diseases to new areas. Future economic costs to Kenya could reach 3-5% of GDP annually by 2030-2050 due to climate impacts. While Kenya has begun developing policies and institutions to address climate change, its framework remains inadequate. Strong, coordinated national policies and institutions are still needed to prepare Kenya for the challenges of climate
Presentation by Thomas Rosswall,
Chair, CCAFS Independent Science Panel to the International Conference on Food Security in Dry Lands (FSDL). 14 November 2012, Doha, Qatar.
This document summarizes key points about climate change adaptation from a paper by Dr. Sarah Ahmed. It discusses the vulnerability of developing countries to climate change impacts, the need to enhance adaptive capacity. Adaptation measures include policy, technology, monitoring, and risk sharing. Estimates suggest adaptation will cost $86-100 billion annually by 2015. Accurate cost information is essential for policymaking but difficult to obtain. The document then outlines India's National Action Plan on Climate Change and its focus on both mitigation and adaptation through various missions and sectors. Adaptation costs in India are estimated to be 0.88-2.17% of GDP from 2004-2007.
Climate change adaptation and mitigation measures - MadridAlessandro Faia
Presentation by students off IE University's Master in Global Environmental Change for the Biari (Brown International Advanced Research Institute) international workshop on world cities and climate change, held from 31 May to 2 June in Madrid.
Climate change mitigation and adaptation 2011ver2cenafrica
This document provides an overview of Module Three which focuses on climate change and agriculture. It defines key concepts related to climate change impacts, vulnerability, adaptation, and mitigation. It discusses how climate change negatively impacts agriculture globally and regionally through changes in temperature, precipitation, and increased frequency of extreme weather events. Adaptation and coping strategies for agriculture are discussed. The module also covers agricultural innovations and systems for adapting to and mitigating climate change impacts.
Effect of climate change crop production in the worldkwanigasuriya
The document discusses the impacts of climate change on agriculture. It notes that climate change is causing higher temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, more extreme weather events, and increased carbon dioxide and ozone levels. These changes threaten global food production by reducing crop yields. Higher CO2 increases plant growth but lowers nutrient levels. More heat waves, droughts and floods from climate change negatively impact crops and livestock. The document recommends investments in agricultural adaptation and mitigation efforts like renewable energy to address food security challenges from climate change.
Theme 4 - Climate Change Mitigation and AdaptationCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Christopher Martius, Henry Neufeldt, Glenn Hyman and Laura Snook focuses on the objectives and structure of the climate change adaptation and mitigation program of the FTA Research Program, their evolution over time, the major accomplishments and the main obstacles and challenges.
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE (ADAPTATION) – THE NEEDS FOR HARMO...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document discusses the need to harmonize disaster risk reduction with climate change adaptation and mitigation. It provides examples of how combating land degradation through initiatives like WILD can both reduce vulnerabilities from natural hazards (adaptation) and support carbon sequestration (mitigation). The document advocates for integrated approaches that combine disaster risk reduction with both adaptation and mitigation efforts.
Global warming, its consequences and possible steps to be taken.Victor Pricopie
Global warming is caused by human activity according to the scientific consensus. 97% of climate studies from 1991-2011 that expressed a position on the cause of global warming supported the view that it is human-caused. National science academies have called on world leaders to cut global emissions. Multiple lines of evidence show the climate is warming, with most additional energy since 1970 going into ocean warming. Future climate change will differ by region and include rising sea levels and changes in precipitation patterns as well as likely expansion of deserts. Effects on humans include threats to food security and loss of habitat.
The document discusses the causes and effects of global warming. It notes that global warming is caused by increasing greenhouse gas emissions from human activities like burning fossil fuels. If left unaddressed, global warming will have severe consequences by 2050, including the spread of diseases, more frequent and intense hurricanes and droughts, economic damage, and rising sea levels from melting polar ice caps that could displace millions of people. Youth are urged to take actions like using renewable energy, driving electric vehicles, planting trees, and conserving energy to help prevent the worst impacts of global warming.
The document discusses several topics related to climate change:
1) Recent years have been the hottest on record with rising global temperatures and melting Arctic sea ice. The majority of Americans believe that climate change is occurring.
2) Significant efforts and investments totaling over $1 trillion per year will be needed to transition economies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and stabilize the climate.
3) Failure to curb emissions could lead to catastrophic impacts like 6°C of warming by 2100 and major sea level rise from melting ice sheets that would displace millions of people globally.
The document discusses global warming and its causes, effects, and potential mitigation measures. It notes that global warming is primarily caused by human greenhouse gas emissions, especially carbon dioxide from fossil fuel combustion. Effects of rising temperatures include melting ice sheets and glaciers, sea level rise, stronger storms, and shifting animal and plant ranges. Proposed mitigation approaches center on reducing greenhouse gas emissions by transitioning to cleaner energy sources and more efficient transportation and industry. Adaptation strategies are also needed to address impacts that can no longer be avoided.
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1) Global warming is caused by increased greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere like glass in a greenhouse. This has led to rising global temperatures and impacts that are already being felt.
2) Impacts of global warming include melting ice caps and glaciers, rising sea levels, changes in weather patterns, and effects on plants and animals like coral bleaching and penguin population declines.
3) Individuals can help address global warming by calculating their carbon footprint, reducing energy use, supporting renewable energy and policies that encourage energy efficiency and carbon neutrality. Reducing greenhouse gases is important to mitigate further global temperature increases and impacts of climate change.
Global climate change and us environmental law power point presentation fi...Sam Bleicher
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Global warming refers to the long-term rise in Earth's average temperature due to human activities like burning fossil fuels. Since pre-industrial times, human activities have increased Earth's average temperature by about 1 degree Celsius. It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land. The greenhouse effect occurs naturally and makes Earth habitable, but human emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are enhancing the effect and causing global warming. Continued emissions will lead to more extreme weather, higher sea levels, and other damaging impacts. Addressing global warming will require international cooperation on clean energy and adaptation efforts.
Global warming refers to the long-term rise in Earth's average temperature due to human activities like burning fossil fuels. Since pre-industrial times, human activities have increased Earth's average temperature by about 1 degree Celsius. It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean, and land. The greenhouse effect occurs naturally and makes Earth habitable, but human emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are enhancing the effect and causing global warming. Continued emissions will lead to more extreme weather, higher sea levels, and other damaging impacts. Addressing global warming will require international cooperation on clean energy and adaptation efforts.
Global warming refers to the long-term rise in Earth's average temperature due to human activities like burning fossil fuels. Since pre-industrial times, human activities have increased Earth's average temperature by about 1 degree Celsius. It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land. The greenhouse effect occurs naturally and makes Earth habitable, but human emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are enhancing the effect and causing global warming. Continued emissions will lead to more extreme weather, higher sea levels, and other damaging impacts. Addressing global warming will require international cooperation on clean energy and adaptation efforts.
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Global warming is caused by human activities that increase carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere such as burning fossil fuels. This traps heat and is causing average global temperatures to rise faster than ever recorded in history. If emissions are not reduced, scientists project temperature increases of 3-9 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100. Some effects of global warming include more extreme weather, worsening health issues like allergies and asthma, species extinction as animals' habitats change, rising sea levels as glaciers and ice sheets melt, and more. However, technologies already exist to help curb emissions through cleaner energy and transportation. Small individual actions and policy changes can all help address this urgent problem.
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Global warming is caused primarily by human emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane. These emissions are warming the planet at an unprecedented rate, leading to consequences like rising sea levels, more extreme weather, and species extinction. While some skeptics deny the science or argue the impacts will not be severe, most scientists warn that immediate action is needed to reduce emissions and avoid catastrophic climate change. Individual actions to reduce our carbon footprints and support political solutions can help address the global climate crisis.
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NORTH MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY - JALGAON
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
B.B.M 1ST YEAR
PROJECT -2010
GLOBAL WARMING
GUIDED BY: MR. CHETAN KULKARNI SIR.
PRESENTED BY:
1) SACHIN CHAUDHARI.
2) NEHA KOTKAR.
3) DIPAK SHELAKE.
4) PRANITA WAYKODE.
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NORTH MAHRASHTRA UNIVARCITY, JALGAON.
This is certify that SACHIN P CHAUDHARI, NEHA P KOTKAR, DIPAK B SHELKE, PRANITA U
WAYKODE has carried out the investigation & satisfactorily delivered a Seminar on topic
GLOBAL WARMING
This is a record of his own work carried out under my supervision & guidance during the
academic year 2009-2010 in the partial fulfillment of BACHOLER OF BUISNESS
MANAGMENT
As per requirement of
NORTH MAHRASHTRA UNIVARCITY
PROJECT GUIDE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
Mr.Chetan Kulkarni Dr.SEEMA JOSHI
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INDEX
Sr. PARTICULAR Page
No No
1 INTRODUCTION
2 HISTORY
3 DEFINITION CLIMATE CHANGE
4 GLOBAL WARMING IN THE FUTURE
5 GREEN HOUSE EFFECT
6 CARBONE DIOXIDE
7 OZEN GAS.
8 TYPES OF GLOBAL WARMING CAUSES
9 OBJECTIVE OF GLOBLE WARMING
10 EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
11 WHAT CAUSES GLOBAL WARMING?
12 CONCLUSION
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CHAPTER NO.1. INTRODUCTION
Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's
near-surface air and the oceans since the mid-twentieth century and its
projected continuation. Global surface temperature increased 0.74 ±
0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the 100 years ending in 2005. The
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that
anthropogenic (human-sourced) greenhouse gases are responsible for
most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the
twentieth century, and natural phenomena such as solar variation and
volcanoes probably had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times
to 1950 and a small cooling effect from 1950 onward. These basic
conclusions have been endorsed by more than 40 scientific societies
and academies of science, including all of the national academies of
science of the major industrialized countries.
Climate model
projections summarized in
the latest IPCC report
indicate that global surface
temperature will probably rise a further 1.1 to 6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F)
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during the twenty-first century. The uncertainty in this estimate arises
from the use of models with differing climate sensitivity, and the use of
differing estimates of future greenhouse gas emissions. Some other
uncertainties include how warming and related changes will vary from
region to region around the globe. Although most studies focus on the
period up to 2100, warming is expected to continue beyond 2100, even if
emissions have stopped, because of the large heat capacity of the
oceans and the lifespan of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
• Pictured left: 1999-2008 Mean temperatures: This figure shows the
difference in instrumentally determined surface temperatures between
the period January 1999 through December 2008 and "normal"
temperatures at the same locations, defined to be the average over the
interval January 1940 to December 1980. The average increase on this
graph is 0.48 °C, and the widespread temperature increases are
considered to be an aspect of global warming.
The ice of the Polar Regions furnishes clues to the makeup of Earth‟s
ancient atmosphere. Ice cores that scientists have bored from the ice
sheets of Greenland and Antarctica provide natural records of both
temperature and atmospheric greenhouse gases going back hundreds
of thousands of years. Layers in these ice cores created by seasonal
snowfall patterns allow scientists to determine the age of the ice in each
core. By measuring tiny air bubbles trapped in the ice and properties of
the ice itself, scientists can estimate the temperature and amount of
greenhouse gases in Earth‟s past atmosphere at the time each layer
formed. Based on this data, scientists know that greenhouse gases have
now risen to levels higher than at any time in the last 650,000 years.
Greenhouse gases are rising, and temperatures are following. Before
the late 1800s, the average surface temperature of Earth was almost
15°C (59°F). Over the past 100 years, the average surface temperature
has risen by about 0.7 Celsius degrees (1.3 Fahrenheit degrees), with
most of the increase occurring since the 1970s. Scientists have linked
even this amount of warming to numerous changes taking place around
the world, including melting mountain glaciers and polar ice, rising sea
level, more intense and longer droughts, more intense storms, more
frequent heat waves, and changes in the life cycles of many plants and
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animals. Warming has been most dramatic in the Arctic, where
temperatures have raised almost twice as much as the global average.
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CHAPTER NO.2. HISTORY
First Person who Claim
Syante Arrhenius (1859_1927) was a Swedish scientist that was firstly
claims that fossil fuel consumption is the main reason for the global
warming in 1896.it not only enhances the global warming but also leaves
poisonous particles in the air. He provided the world with the clear
evidence for the relationship in carbon dioxide and atmosphere wit hi
theories and experiments. He proposed that the calculated average
temperature of the earth is 15 Centi garde but the process that involves
vaporization and infra red absorption has increase it this phenomena is
known as green house effect.
Wrong assumption
After this the topic about global warming is forgotten for a long period of
time and at that time that natural forces are more strong than human
influences like solar activity and ocean circulation. On the same time
they also thought that the oceans were such great ocean sink that would
automatically minimize our pollution. And water vapor is considered to
be most influential greenhouse gas.
1940 to 1970 Research
Charles keeling is the person who used the most modern technologies
available to produce concentration curves for atmospheric carbon
dioxide. These are those curves which are one of the major reasons of
global warming. The curve showed a downward trend of global annual
temperature from 1940 to 1970.
Impact of Global Warming
As we see that the climate are change almost everywhere. The hottest
years which are recorded on a record book took place in the 1980 or
after so on. Lakes and rivers are thawing earlier each spring. Animal and
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plants are moving to higher elevations. Arctic is heating up twice as fast
as any place else in the world and also polar bears are going hungry.
Pacific lands are in danger that their some of their parts are swallowed
by the sea. If the people not stop to reduce the greenhouse gases
emission pumped up in the atmosphere
Prediction of Experts about Global warming
They predicted that if all this happen continuously so the planets
average temperature could raise anywhere .Sea level is also rise due to
this. Heat rays are more intense and attacking fires occurs often.
Disease can be spread wide with the carrier mosquitoes. Global
warming can bring extra intense and extreme weather conditions.
Leading mountain ranges will melt fast. And living world would be living
at the risk.
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CHAPTER NO.3. DEFINITION CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate change is any substantial change in Earth‟s climate that lasts for
an extended period of time. Global warming refers to climate change
that causes an increase in the average temperature of the lower
atmosphere. Global warming can have many different causes, but it is
most commonly associated with human interference, specifically the
release of excessive amounts of greenhouse gases. (EPA, 2006)
Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
water vapor, and fluorinated gases, act like a greenhouse around the
earth. This means that they let the heat from the Sun into the
atmosphere, but do not allow the heat to escape back into space. The
more greenhouse gases there are, the larger the percentage of heat that
is trapped inside the earth‟s atmosphere. The earth could not exist in its
present state (that is, with life) without the presence of some naturally
occurring greenhouse gases, such as CO2, CH4, and water vapor.
Without any greenhouse gases no heat would be trapped in atmosphere,
so the earth would be extremely cold. (NASA, 2002)
Naturally occurring greenhouse gases (not fluorinated gases) are good
in naturally occurring amounts; it‟s when people start contributing
excessive amounts of them that greenhouse gases become a problem.
With excessive greenhouse gas buildup, the earth‟s atmosphere warms
to unnatural temperatures which causes, among other things, sea level to
rise. Global warming also causes sea surface temperatures to raise,
precipitation patterns to change, etc... (NASA, 2002)
Earth has seen a violent past and has seen life forms disappearing from
its surface, but that was due to natural forces. But now, humans are
creating a catastrophe known as global warming that will wipe out all the
life forms in future if it is not stopped now. Global warming definition can
be understood by following the average temperature of earth‟s surface in
the last hundred years. An average temperature has risen dramatically
since the industrial revolution clearly showing that global warming is not a
natural phenomenon but is a man made disaster. It is the responsibility of
every one on earth to understand global warming definition and act to
prevent its onslaught.
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CHAPTER NO.4. GLOBAL WARMING IN THE FUTURE
The globally averaged surface temperature of the Earth has increased
during the past century by about 0.7°C. Most of the increase can be
attributed to the greenhouse effect, the increase in the atmospheric
concentration of carbon dioxide that is emitted when fossil fuels are
burned to produce energy. The book begins with the important distinction
between weather and climate, followed by data showing how carbon
dioxide has increased and the incontrovertible evidence that it is caused
by burning fossil fuels (i.e., coal, oil, and natural gas). I also address the
inevitable skepticism that global warming arouses and offer a number of
responses to the global warming skeptics. After dealing with the skeptics,
I analyze both the current and future effects of global warming. These
future effects are based on scenarios or “storylines” put forth by the
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. In closing, I address
the controversial (and grim) suggestion that we have already passed the
“tipping point,” which is the time after which, regardless of our future
actions, global warming will cause considerable hardship on human
society. I intend this book to be approachable for all concerned citizens,
but especially students of the sciences and engineering who will soon be
in a position to make a difference in the areas of energy and the
environment. I have tried to frame the debate in terms of what the
engineering community must do to help combat global warming. We
have no choice but to think in terms of global environmental constraints
as we design new power plants, factories, automobiles, buildings, and
homes. The best thing for scientists to do is to present what we know,
clearly separating what is known from what is suspected, in a non-
apocalyptic manner. If matters are clearly and passionately presented to
the public, we must be prepared to accept the will of the people. This
presents the scientific community with an enormous responsibility,
perhaps unlike any we have had in the past.
1. GREEN HOUSE EFFECT
2. CARBONE DIOXIDE
3. OZEN GAS.
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GREEN HOUSE EFFECT
The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring process that aids in
heating the Earth's surface and atmosphere. It results from the fact that
certain atmospheric gases, such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and
methane, are able to change the energy balance of the planet by
absorbing longwave radiation emitted from the Earth's surface. Without
the greenhouse effect life on this planet would probably not exist as the
average temperature of the Earth would be a chilly -18° Celsius, rather
than the present 15° Celsius.
As energy from the Sun passes through the atmosphere a number
of things take place (see Figure 7h-1). A portion of the energy (26%
globally) is reflected or scattered back to space by clouds and other
atmospheric particles. About 19% of the energy available is absorbed by
clouds, gases (like ozone), and particles in the atmosphere. Of the
remaining 55% of the solar energy passing through the Earth's
atmosphere, 4% is reflected from the surface back to space. On
average, about 51% of the Sun's radiation reaches the surface. This
energy is then used in a number of processes, including the heating of
the ground surface; the melting of ice and snow and the evaporation of
water; and plant photosynthesis.
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CARBONE DIOXIDE
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is emitted in a number of ways. It is emitted
naturally through the carbon cycle and through human activities like the
burning of fossil fuels.
Natural sources of CO2 occur within the carbon cycle where billions of
tons of atmospheric CO2 are removed from the atmosphere by oceans
and growing plants, also known as „sinks,‟ and are emitted back into the
atmosphere annually through natural processes also known as
„sources.‟ When in balance, the total carbon dioxide emissions and
removals from the entire carbon cycle are roughly equal.
Since the Industrial Revolution in the 1700‟s, human activities,
such as the burning of oil, coal and gas, and deforestation, have
increased CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere. In 2005, global
atmospheric concentrations of CO2 were 35% higher than they were
before the Industrial Revolution.
Humans are significantly increasing the amount of carbon dioxide
released to the atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels (such as
coal, oil, and natural gas), solid wastes, and wood and wood products to
heat buildings, drive vehicles, and generate electricity. At the same time,
the number of trees available to absorb carbon dioxide through
photosynthesis has been greatly reduced by deforestation, the
widespread cutting of trees for lumber or to clear land for agriculture.
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OZEN GAS
Ozone is an unstable form (activated, allotrope) of oxygen that is
contained the air, in fact is a gas that is generated in natural form in the
atmosphere, product of diverse climatic and environmental conditions,
and has a scent similar to the one of the "wet earth".
The ozone hole, however, is not the mechanism of global warming.
Ultraviolet radiation represents less than one percent of the energy from
the sun—not enough to be the cause of the excess heat from human
activities. Global warming is caused primarily from putting too much
carbon into the atmosphere when coal, gas, and oil are burned to
generate electricity or to run our cars. These gases spread around the
planet like a blanket, capturing the solar heat that would otherwise be
radiated out into space. (For more detail on the basic mechanism of
global warming, see carbon dioxide FAQ.)
Both of these environmental problems do, however, have a common
cause—human activities that release gases into and alter the
atmosphere. Ozone depletion occurs when chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs)—formerly found in aerosol spray cans and refrigerants—are
released into the atmosphere. These gases, through several chemical
reactions, cause the ozone molecules to break down, reducing ozone's
ultraviolet (UV) radiation-absorbing capacity.
Read more:
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_ozone_gas#ixzz1m4AK5IIZ
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CHAPTER NO.5. TYPES OF GLOBAL WARMING CAUSES
Carbon Dioxide
Humans create an excessive amount of greenhouse gases, including
carbon dioxide, or CO2. Every time something burns, carbon dioxide is
released into the atmosphere. Fossil fuels, which are used to fuel cars
and airplanes, are the primary source of carbon dioxide emissions.
Plants and trees store carbon dioxide, and when trees are destroyed to
build houses and buildings, carbon dioxide is released back into the
atmosphere, increasing global warming. Plant life in the oceans store
carbon dioxide, but because of the increased temperatures, underwater
plants are dying off as well, reports A Cooler Climate.com in "What
Causes Global Warming? Learn The Major Human Causes Of Climate
Change."
Methane
Methane gas is much more potent than carbon dioxide, and this gas is
created when bacteria break down organic matter that is free of oxygen,
according to "National Geographic" in "Causes of Global Warming." The
process occurs during human and animal digestive processes and is
released into the air. Increased farming leads to increased methane gas
levels. Rice paddies, landfills and gas leaks are also primary sources of
methane gas pollution. Calthrates are frozen pieces of ice that lie in the
ocean, and when temperatures rise, they melt and release methane into
the water, reports "National Geographic."
Nitrogen Oxide
The growing need to produce more food has led to increased use of
modern technology, and to drastically speed growth and production of
their crops, farmers typically use nitrogen fertilizers. Nitrogen oxides trap
more than 300 times the amount of heat than carbon dioxide does in a
process that happens every time soil is fertilized. In fact, studies have
proven that modern farming practices have affected global warming
more than modern transportation, reports A Cooler Climate.com.
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Other Causes
Other causes of global warming that are less significant include CFCs
HCFCs (chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons), organic
compounds caused by refrigeration and aerosols, which contribute to the
hole in the ozone layer. While the concentrations of these gases are
smaller, they are much more toxic to the environment than carbon
dioxide, reports A Cooler Climate.com.
Electrical pollution
Burning Fossil fuels
Chemicals
Light consumption
Watching TV
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CHAPTER NO.6. OBJECTIVE OF GLOBLE WARMING
Carbon dioxide (CO2) - a natural gas, essential for all life on earth. It's
absorbed by plants as they grow, and emitted by all life forms when they
die (or are burnt as fuel). Other than water vapor, it's the most common
'greenhouse gas'.
Greenhouse gases (GHG) - including carbon gases like CO2 and
methane, they are vital in the Earth's atmosphere in certain quantities
because they help trap and retain some of the sun's heat (the
'greenhouse effect'). This makes life as we know it possible on Earth -
without it the world would be mostly frozen. But too much is dangerous
too...
Carbon cycle - the natural processes that emit and absorb carbon gases
across the globe, keeping overall levels stable, and our climate suitable
for an abundance of life Human activity - over the past 150 years, the
world's industrialized nations have unwittingly upset the delicate balance
of the carbon cycle by burning huge amounts of fossil fuels
(concentrated carbon, like coal, oil, gas), as well as breeding vast
numbers of methane-producing livestock, and cutting down the forests
that naturally absorb CO2 from the air.
The extra carbon in the atmosphere has been raising global
temperatures.
Global warming - doesn't mean we'll all have warmer weather in future.
As the planet heats, climate patterns change, with more extreme and
unpredicted weather across the world - some places will be hotter, some
colder. Some wetter, others drier.
We know the planet has warmed by an average of nearly 1ºC in the past
century. Might not sound much, but small rises can create big problems
for people and wildlife.
2º is too much - a rise of just 2ºC means:
severe storms and floods in some countries, droughts in many more
seas become more acidic, coral and krill die, food chains are destroyed
no Arctic ice in summer - not just bad news for polar bears, it also means
global climate warms faster. Tipping points and feedback effects - as the
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earth warms, the impacts can fuel each other and accelerate, causing
runaway, irreversible changes.
For instance, polar ice reflects sunlight away from the Earth. When it
melts (and Arctic sea ice is already predicted to be mostly gone in
summer by 2020), more heat will be absorbed. And thawing permafrost
releases trapped methane, just as drying forests and warming oceans
emit their stores of CO2, all further increasing the greenhouse effect.
Beyond 2º - scientists predict possible rises of up to 6º this century if we
don't drastically cut greenhouse gas emissions.
We barely want to think about what this would mean. Rainforests dying.
The melting of the ancient ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica.
Dramatic sea level rises. And people and animals suffering along the
way. That's why we must act now.
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CHAPTER NO.7. EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING
Global warming is affecting all parts of the earth in different manners.
Global warming makes the sea rise and when due to global warming sea
rise it covers many low land island and this is one of the main problems
for all creatures of islands like plants animal and people in island. The
water on islands covers the plants and in result it damage or die the
most of them. When the plant die so animal have no source of food also
with their habitat so when they don‟t get food so they also start die
because of shortage of food. When plants and animal dies so people
also lose two major sources of food. As a result of all this they also have
to leave their area where they live for a long time and this is called break
in a food chain or break food reaction, one thing happen after this other
thing happens and its lead to another and so on.
Ocean on the other hand is also gets damaged by global warming
problems as well. Most of the things which are happening in the ocean is
also due to global warming.
The main thing happening in the warm waters of oceans, which is the
major cause of global warming is the change of directions of water.
Algae is like a producer which we can see floating in the top of the water
which make food for the other creature which are inside the ocean and
consumer of algae is small fish, crab, some whales and other animals.
Due to global warming algae are fewer and number of animal in a sea is
greater so its create a problem.
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CHAPTER NO.8. WHAT CAUSES GLOBAL WARMING?
Scientists have spent decades figuring out what is causing global
warming. They‟ve looked at the natural cycles and events that are
known to influence climate. But the amount and pattern of warming
that‟s been measured can‟t be explained by these factors alone. The
only way to explain the pattern is to include the effect of greenhouse
gases (GHGs) emitted by humans.
To bring all this information together, the United Nations formed a group
of scientists called the International Panel on Climate Change, or IPCC.
The IPCC meets every few years to review the latest scientific findings
and write a report summarizing all that is known about global warming.
Each report represents a consensus, or agreement, among hundreds of
leading scientists.
One of the first things scientists learned is that there are several
greenhouse gases responsible for warming, and humans emit them in a
variety of ways. Most come from the combustion of fossil fuels in cars,
factories and electricity production. The gas responsible for the most
warming is carbon dioxide, also called CO2. Other contributors include
methane released from landfills and agriculture (especially from the
digestive systems of grazing animals), nitrous oxide from fertilizers,
gases used for refrigeration and industrial processes, and the loss of
forests that would otherwise store CO2.
Different greenhouse gases have very different heat-trapping abilities.
Some of them can even trap more heat than CO2. A molecule of
methane produces more than 20 times the warming of a molecule of
CO2. Nitrous oxide is 300 times more powerful than CO2. Other gases,
such as chlorofluorocarbons (which have been banned in much of the
world because they also degrade the ozone layer), have heat-trapping
potential thousands of times greater than CO2. But because their
concentrations are much lower than CO2, none of these gases adds as
much warmth to the atmosphere as CO2 does.
In order to understand the effects of all the gases together, scientists
tend to talk about all greenhouse gases in terms of the equivalent
amount of CO2. Since 1990, yearly emissions have gone up by about 6
billion metric tons of “carbon dioxide equivalent” worldwide, more than a
20% increase.
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CONCLUSION
Recommendations
The world is temporarily affected by hot and cold climate periods. The
industrial revolution which started in 1875 changed weather conditions.
The world has a tendency to warm up.
The industrialization and the increasing population density are forcing
governments to consume more fossil fuels and are affecting the artificial
greenhouse gases' fluctuation.
Even if the usage of fossil fuels could be prohibited, greenhouse gases
extant in the atmosphere are going to remain for hundred years.
The emission of greenhouse gases can't be
Signature of
Guide.
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