This presentation provides an overview of a civil engineering project on studying crack behavior and settlement with remedial measures for bituminous road failure. The objectives are to investigate the cause of road failure and suggest prevention methods. Site inspection found defects like block cracking and potholes. Laboratory tests including CBR and bitumen penetration were conducted. The results found traffic volume exceeding road capacity and use of substandard maintenance materials as causes. It was concluded that regular road audits and use of proper materials and traffic control can help delay further failures.

1. WELCOME
TO
PRESENTATION
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Shivnagar Vidya Prasarak Mandal's
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, Malegaon Bk.
Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune
2022 – 2023
Presented By:-
Shete Digambar Mahadev
Lakade Prathmesh Hanumant
Raut Tushar Avinash
Navale Om Dhondiba
Guide:-
Prof. Jagtap R.J.

2. TITLE OF PROJECT
“To study of crack behaviour and settlement with
remedial measure for bituminous road failure”

3. CONTENT
• Introduction​
• Objectives
• Case study of project
• Inspection of selected sites
• Tests
• Result
• conclusion
• References

4. INTRODUCTION
• Many of developing countries, therefore, invest huge amount on road
construction, while many developing countries appreciate the necessity
for huge investment in capital development of roads. Only a few give
due importance to the road maintenance.
• It is found more glamorous to embark on new construction than to maintain
what is already in existence. But unfortunately pavement structure can be
destroyed in a single season due to water penetration. Maintenance
activities may be required at intervals throughout the year, but their
frequency varies with traffic, topography and climatic conditions, type of
roads,grading and repairing pot holes and ruts for paved roads.
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5. OBJECTIVES
 To carry out investigation of the selected road by
performing the laboratory experiments.
 To investigate the cause of road failure.
 To suggest the possible method to prevent further failure of
road.

6. 6
Evolution of highway failures and their
maintenance by Golla Rama Kishore at
(2020)
To studied their should be proper design,
and inspection of drainage system is very important in
road system and for the safety of the user If there is
small problem or damage in road it should be taken
into consideration before any serious problem arrive
from the same.
Use of the appropriate design of the roads, avoiding
unnecessary congestion of the roads especially heavy
heavy traffics that were not meant for the roads in the
first place, prompt maintenance of the roads,
application of suitable construction material in the
construction.
Review paper on defects in flexible
pavement and its maintenance by
Zulufqar bin rashid at(2017)
studied the defect in flexible pavement is very
old problem and many research have taken to
solve this problem. Maintenance is set of
activity which includes identification of
problem and planning to resolve them.
The activities include identification of defects
and the possible cause there off,
determination of appropriate remedial
measures; implement these in the field and
monitoring of the results.
Bituminous road failure by Surajo
Abubakar Wada at (2016)
studied pavement deterioration is very serious
problem in our country and it has various
as pavement should be strong enough to
handle the load.
The major reason affecting the pavement
performance is water trapped in the
section. Their should be good drainage
provided to solve this issue of pavement
distress.
Pavement failure investigation by
Vishnu A. Diyaljee at (2013)
studied pavement distress is a major issue in
many parts of our country and it should be
taken in consideration and an important step
should be taken to solve this issue of
pavement distress.
Revealing which is caused due to action of
snow chains on coarse aggregate. Rutting of
mixture due to excessive asphalt mixtures. All
these failure can be reduced or ended by
different solution given in the case study.
Literature Review

7. CASE STUDY OF PROJECT
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Photograph of Selected Site
From pencil chowk to sangha petrol-
pump, MIDC, Baramati
Inspection of selected sites

8. 8
Linear cracking ( longitudinal )
Block cracking
Pot hole
Alligator cracking

9. INSPECTION OF SELECTED SITES
• Road type = Other District Road (ODR)
• Pavement type = Flexible road pavement
• Road distance taken = 500 M
• Road location = From pencil chowk, MIDC, Baramati To Sangh Petrolpump Bhigwan road, MIDC, Baramati.
• Road width = 5 M from center
• No of lane = Two lane road
• Defects found = Block Cracking, Aligator Cracking, Pot Holes.
• Thickness of sub base = 250 mm
• Thickness of base course = 150 mm
• Thickness of bituminous carpet = 40 mm
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10. TEST
• CBR Pentration test
• The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test is a penetration test meant for the estimation of subgrade
strength of roads and pavements.
• The results found by these tests are used with theempirical curves to find the thickness of pavement and
its component layers.
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11. 11
The observation table obtained after performing CBR
penetration test and CBR value at 2.5 mm and 5 mm is
calculated.

12. • Bitumen Penetration Test
(A) Penetration Test of Bitumen
(A) Bitumen is the residue or by-product obtained by the refining of crude petroleum.
A wide variety of refining techniques like straight distillation technique, solvent
extraction technique etc are used to produce bitumen of different consistency and
other desirableproperties.
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13. 13
1.Bitumen Penetration Test
Following is the observation table obtained after performing penetration test on bitumen of
grade VG40 .
The bitumen is softened to a pouring consistency, stirred thoroughly and poured into
containers at a depth at least 15 mm in excess of the expected penetration. The test should be
conducted at a specified temperature of 25°C. It may be noted that penetration value is largely
influenced by any inaccuracy with regards to pouring temperature, size of the needle, weight
placed on the needle and the test temperature. A grade of 40/50 bitumen represents the penetration
value is in the range 40 to 50 at standard test conditions.

14. • Gradation test for GSB
• Following is the observation table obtained after performing gradation of GSB.
• Soils having particles larger than 0.075mm size are termed as coarse grained soils. In these soils more than 50% of
the total material by mass is larger than 75 micron. Coarse grained soils may consist of boulder, cobble, gravel and
sand
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15. RESULT
• After completion of the project work it can be drawn that, There should not be any delay in maintenance. Patching
must be done promptly and properly. It requires skill close supervision and good quality patching material. The
material which is used for maintenance is having quite difference in results so it can create major problem in future
for that maintained road. So we can use standard material is used for the maintenance purpose.
• According to the traffic survey conducted, the vehicles travelling on the selected road are 1700/km/hr but
according to IRC and MORTH the capacity of ODR are 1200/km/hr. This could the main reason for the failures of
road. But this condition is unavoidable different steps should taken to control or to divert the traffic and prolong or
avoid the failures. For proper maintenance of the road regular audit should be carried out.
• The authorities should operate an action against the road failures by taking proper maintenance procedures using
decent materials, machineries and skilled workers and supervisors to establish an effective maintenance. The
respective authorities should construct the roads with proper planning and designing, required fund, best quality
materials, adequate workers, professionals, technical and skilled inspectors and manager to make the roads
serviceable according to design years of the road.
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16. CONCLUSION
• Following conclusions can be drawn from the project work.
• According to traffic survey conducted, the vehicle travelling on the selected road site are
1700/km/hr. but as per the IRC and MORTH, the capacity of ODR should be 1200/km/hr.
• Heavy traffic could be one of the main reason of failure of road.
• Maintanance of road is done by Nagarparishad authority of Baramati consistently.
• To avoid further failure or to delay the failure of road, regular road audits will play important role.
• Material used for the maintanance work has CBR value 24.65 % And water absorption value 10.65 and
penetration value 46.
• To reduce the traffic volume on the roads the time restricted heavy vehicles can be allowed.
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17. REFERENCES
• A.M. Naik. “Evaluation of flexible pavement failure”. International research journal of
engineering and technology, Vol 5,August 2018.
• Caltrans. “Flexible pavement rehabilitation manual, California department of
transportation,Sacramento” June 2001.
• Dr. R. Smith, T. Freeman, Dr. O. Pendelton . “Pavement Maintenance Effectiveness”.
Strategichighway research program, National research council Washington DC 1993.
• G.R Kishore, K. Ramu. “Evolution of highway failure and their maintenance”.
Internationalresearch journal of engineering and technology ,Vol 07,July 2020.
• H.E.E. Khaing, Dr. T.T. Htwe. “Study on failure and maintenance of flexible
pavement”. International journal of scientific engineering and technology research, Vol
03,June 2014.
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18. THANK YOU
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