1) Poverty is a global challenge affecting nearly all countries. The main causes are increasing population and dwindling natural resources, which will likely lead to wars driven by economic motives as competition for resources intensifies.
2) International organizations like the World Bank and IMF have failed to alleviate poverty and improve lives, instead impoverishing nations through unpayable debts. Their capitalist approaches have not worked to eliminate poverty.
3) Statistics show that over 45% of the world lives on less than $2 per day, and poverty is increasing even in developed countries due to factors like rising food and fuel prices. Globalization has not overcome poverty and has benefited few while leaving over 1 billion people with nothing.
Considered both the future of society, the future of the people, the way of the future of education in a multi-stakeholder, the activities of the order to continue to create "Future Education Consortium" is, in fiscal 2015, such as consumers and companies · NPO / NGO · Students through the co-creation projects by various participants "21 Century Future Enterprise Project", we derive the "social and companies of the future scenario of 2030".
http://miraikk.jp/cat-03/2882
Considered both the future of society, the future of the people, the way of the future of education in a multi-stakeholder, the activities of the order to continue to create "Future Education Consortium" is, in fiscal 2015, such as consumers and companies · NPO / NGO · Students through the co-creation projects by various participants "21 Century Future Enterprise Project", we derive the "social and companies of the future scenario of 2030".
http://miraikk.jp/cat-03/2882
Artigo na edição de Jan-Fev/2010 da FOREIGN AFFAIRS apresenta as provaveis consequencias das mudanças demográficas e sócio-econômicas radicais que estão acontecendo no mundo.
World After Covid-19: Multidisciplinary IdeasDilip Barad
This presentation is prepared for Online Conference by myvedant.com. The conference is organised on 10 May 2020. This presentation reflects views on multiple aspects of human life during covid-19 pandemic and key takeaways from from this pandemic.
The World After COVID-19: An Opportunity For a New BeginningManoj Bhusal
As the COVID-19 pandemic propagates throughout the world, speculations have begun of the post-pandemic world. In this article, I argue that the world after COVID-19 will be a different and difficult one, with unprecedented economic hardships and rampant social anxieties becoming the new normal.
However, the pandemic also offers a chance to reflect and to revise our course, and to come up with an alternative that will be just and fair for the many. I begin the article by offering an assessment of COVID-19’s impact on global power structures and move on to elaborate its possible implications on political processes, particularly on the instruments of democracy and the rule of law.
Drawing from various experiences reported during the pandemic, I argue that the post-pandemic world will be characterized by populism, nationalism, intensified citizen surveillance, and curtailed and compromised individual liberties. The pandemic will also inflict severe damage to globalization, free trade, multilateralism, and development cooperation.
I conclude the article by arguing that most of the problems witnessed during this crisis, however, are systemic, and caused by dysfunctional neoliberal corporate capitalism. In that sense, if there is a political mandate of this crisis – that is to find an alternative to the obsolete and oppressive neoliberal corporate capitalism which has served a few and failed the many.
State of Homelessness in America, January 2011, authored by M William Sermons and Peter Witte of the National Alliance to End Homelessness. Download at endhomelessness.org
Artigo na edição de Jan-Fev/2010 da FOREIGN AFFAIRS apresenta as provaveis consequencias das mudanças demográficas e sócio-econômicas radicais que estão acontecendo no mundo.
World After Covid-19: Multidisciplinary IdeasDilip Barad
This presentation is prepared for Online Conference by myvedant.com. The conference is organised on 10 May 2020. This presentation reflects views on multiple aspects of human life during covid-19 pandemic and key takeaways from from this pandemic.
The World After COVID-19: An Opportunity For a New BeginningManoj Bhusal
As the COVID-19 pandemic propagates throughout the world, speculations have begun of the post-pandemic world. In this article, I argue that the world after COVID-19 will be a different and difficult one, with unprecedented economic hardships and rampant social anxieties becoming the new normal.
However, the pandemic also offers a chance to reflect and to revise our course, and to come up with an alternative that will be just and fair for the many. I begin the article by offering an assessment of COVID-19’s impact on global power structures and move on to elaborate its possible implications on political processes, particularly on the instruments of democracy and the rule of law.
Drawing from various experiences reported during the pandemic, I argue that the post-pandemic world will be characterized by populism, nationalism, intensified citizen surveillance, and curtailed and compromised individual liberties. The pandemic will also inflict severe damage to globalization, free trade, multilateralism, and development cooperation.
I conclude the article by arguing that most of the problems witnessed during this crisis, however, are systemic, and caused by dysfunctional neoliberal corporate capitalism. In that sense, if there is a political mandate of this crisis – that is to find an alternative to the obsolete and oppressive neoliberal corporate capitalism which has served a few and failed the many.
State of Homelessness in America, January 2011, authored by M William Sermons and Peter Witte of the National Alliance to End Homelessness. Download at endhomelessness.org
The anti-globalization movement had its coming-out party in Seattle in 1999, when thousands of activists and trade union members protested against a new round of trade negotiations in the World Trade Organisation. Millions were drawn to these protests because of a preceding anti-WTO statement that was circulated on the internet, and signed by about 1 500 different groups, from churches to militant communists.
Despite global effort it is estimated that about 2.2 billion people still live in poverty, and that approximately 80 of this figure is made up of people living in rural areas. The Sustainable Development Goals SDGs of the 2030 Agenda include as its number 1 goal, the goal to end poverty. However, the report by the World Bank 2018 stated that putting an end to poverty is proving to be one of the greatest human rights challenges the modern world faces.The Sustainable Development Goals SDGs which are an extension of the Millennium Development Goals MDGs was adopted on September 2015 by the United Nations Assembly to fight against poverty and eradicate human deprivation.This paper presents a brief introduction on poverty laws, discusses possible challenges and the way forward. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Sarhan M. Musa "Poverty Laws: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33275.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/33275/poverty-laws-an-introduction/paul-a-adekunte
I NEED A+, 5-6 pages EssayWhitepaper on Food SecurityThekarinorchard1
I NEED A+, 5-6 pages Essay
Whitepaper on Food Security
The members of the United Nations found great value in the whitepaper you provided on population growth. They are now asking you to expand the whitepaper to include global food security as it relates to population growth and poverty. Read the overview and provide an assessment based on the questions below.
I.
Overview
We can define global food security as the effort to build food systems that can feed everyone, everywhere, and every day by improving its quality and promoting nutritional agriculture (1). That said, there are certain practices that can advance this project:
Identifying the underlying causes of hunger and malnutrition
Investing in country-specific recovery plans
Strengthening strategic coordination with institutions like the UN and the World Bank
Encouraging developed countries to make sustained financial commitments to its success
We must bear in mind that more than 3 billion people—nearly one-half of the world’s population—subsist on as little as $2.50 a day, with nearly 1.5 billion living in extreme poverty on less than $1.25 a day. According to the World Health Organization, the United Nations, and other relief agencies, about 20,000 people (mostly children) starve to death in the world every day, for a total of about 7 million people a year. In addition, about 750 million (twice the population of the United States) do not have access to clean drinking water, meaning that some one million people die every year from diarrhea caused by water-borne diseases.
The earth’s population has grown since it reached 7 billion in 2010. It is expected to reach 8 billion in 2025, 9 billion in 2040, and 11 billion by the end of the 21st century (2). If the demand for food is predicted to rise 50% by 2030 and 70% by 2050, the real problem is not necessarily growing enough food, but rather making that amount available to people. Moreover, food illnesses are prevalent, with nearly 600 million reported cases of foodborne diseases each year. These mainly affect children but can also negatively impact the livelihood of farmers, vendors, trade associations, and ultimately, can reduce the Gross Domestic Product (national income) of a country. These issues can impose tremendous human, economic, social, and fiscal costs on countries, so addressing them allows governments to devote more resources to making desperately needed infrastructure improvements that raise the quality of life for everyone.
It is not enough to have adequate supplies of food available. Policies that focus exclusively on food production can exacerbate the problem, particularly if, to satisfy the need for quantity, the quality of the food is left wanting.
Reasons for Food Insecurity
Certainly, poverty and the contributing systemic internal conditions are the driving factors behind keeping adequate food resources from reaching people, but it is only one of several. Others are discussed next.
Inadequate Foo ...
Globalisation and Poverty. Political Economic Digest Series - 11Akash Shrestha
In this series, we’ll be discussing about globalization and poverty. As we discussed in our earlier series, globalization and free trade are among the most prominent issues of discussion in the policy discousrse countries out of dire poverty. However, globalization isn’t free from criticisms or opponents. Critics of today. Globalization has contributed significantly in lifting millions of citizens of the Third World globalization hold globalization responsible for the increasing environmental degradation, consumerism and most of all increasing the gap between rich and the poor. In popular words, “rich are getting richer poor are getting poorer”.
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
We will dig deeper into:
1. How to capture video testimonials that convert from your audience 🎥
2. How to leverage your testimonials to boost your sales 💲
3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
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Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
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Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
1. Press TV Print Page 1 of 6
Fighting poverty, a global challenge
Sun, 31 Aug 2008 18:02:57
By Patricia Khashayar, MD., Press TV, Tehran
The following is an interview with the Executive Director of World Innovation Foundation Charity
(WIFC), Dr. David Hill, on poverty and its causes.
Q. Poverty has become a global challenge, affecting nearly all world countries, what are the main
causes of this international problem?
A. According to Mollie Orshansky who developed the poverty measurements for the US
government, "to be poor is to be deprived of those goods and services and pleasures which
others around us take for granted."
But this is a sedate definition for the majority of the worlds poor and where in the developing
world can one consider poverty to be a daily battle just for human survival.
That is the big difference in perceptions here between the rich capitalistic west and around half
the population of the world. I can tell you now that things will not get any better by continuing to
adopt the 'West's' capitalist system to defeat poverty in the developing East and where it will
cause immense harm both in human misery and global wars eventually.
The reason I say this is really common sense, for as the population of the world increases to
between 9 billion and 12.5 billion people by 2050, and as the world's basic natural resources to
sustain life dwindles to an acute situation, wars are inevitable under the dictum of the capitalist
market system.
In this respect, nations only go to war basically for economic reasons if you read into the causes
of wars and the underlying objectives for those who started them. The first and second world
wars were economic wars and the latter was definitely fuelled by poverty in Germany and the
imperialistic aspirations of Japan (economics, in other words).
Therefore, the right economic mechanisms will either destroy the human experience forever or
allow the human experience to live on for thousands of millenniums to come. But I have to say
that most probably, this greatest decision of human existence will be determined in this present
century as the effect of depleting non-renewable natural resources meets head on with 9-12.5
billion people to be fed, clothed and housed.
Q. Many international organizations and companies have attempted to fight poverty and improve
the quality of life in the world, what do you think of such approaches? How successful have these
efforts been?
A.Overall and presently, the World Bank, the IMF and IFC have failed the world's poor and in
doing so, have hardly improved the lives of half the population of the world. Indeed, these
institutions have impoverished the world's poor through un-repayable national debts with their
massive repayments structures that alleviate nothing.
For all-in-all, the post application process of the Bretton Wood's thinking has totally failed the
poor of the world and where the executing institutions need abolishing and replacing with ones
that in the future have successful outcomes. This is where a new system should be created and
http://www.presstv.com/pop/print.aspx?id=68059 9/6/2008
2. Press TV Print Page 2 of 6
totally focused on social relief and justice, not pandering to the calls of the profit driven private
sector capitalist market that permeates the present world.
For as Friends-of-the-Earth state, "The World Bank Group has steadily increased its support of
the private sector over the years and its private sector lending arm, the International Finance
Corporation (IFC), is an increasingly important facilitator of private investment in the developing
world. A part of the World Bank Group whose mission as a development institution is to promote
development and alleviate poverty, IFC's lending to the private sector is often at odds with this
mission."
To put poverty into perspective, it pervades all countries both rich and poor.
Q. Could you provide us with some statistics showing the prevalence of this global issue? How
many countries are affected by it?
A. In this respect, I give hereafter a mere present-day snapshot of the global problem relative to
poverty and where all nations suffer from this iniquity. Therefore the capitalist system according
to current information available does not work in the interests of the elimination of poverty and
where therefore a better system has to be found, and quickly!
Unfortunately, this highly needed 'change' thinking will not come from the present
'establishment/status quo' thinking of the 20th century economic class, but from 'independent'
revolutionary thinking of this present century.
1.World Poverty- According to the World Bank, in 2008 there are still 987 million people living on
US $1 a day or around 15 percent of the world's population. Adding to this, a further 2 billion
people still live on US $2 dollars a day that combined together equate to 45 percent of the
world's population. But taking into account inflation since the 1 and 2 dollar arbitrary poverty line
was introduced by World Bank economist Martin Ravallion, poverty has not declined in real terms
and is in fact increasing.
This is indifference to what the World Bank et al are telling the world. In this respect, a dollar
today is only worth 55 percent of what it was in 1998 or the equivalent present day worth of US
$1.82. Therefore, the primary statistics released by the World Bank with regard to poverty are
totally flawed and very wide off the mark. Considering this therefore, global poverty is far greater
today than it was a mere decade ago and the trends are not encouraging for the future.
2. USA- According to Education News Colorado on 18th June 2008, more kids are now living in
poverty than in 2000, but more alarmingly they now live at extreme levels of poverty.
According to the author JS Hacker in his book, "The great risk shift: The new insecurity and the
decline of the American dream", 58.5 percent, of all Americans will spend at least one year
beneath the poverty line at some point between ages 25 and 75.
Thirty-seven million Americans live in poverty according to the US Census Bureau, the "Income,
Poverty and Health Insurance Coverage Report" for 2007, US Census Bureau, 26th August 2008
(quoted by Press TV on 27th August 2008).
3. Pakistan- According to the Asian Development Bank in its report of August 2008, the number
of poor in Pakistan grew since 1999 from 32 percent of the population to 40 percent of the
population in 2002.
4. Chile- According to the Inter-American Bank of Development's report of August 2008, food
prices internationally were up 68 percent between January 2007 and March 2008 and where if
food prices remain high in Chile, the nation's poverty rate will increase from 12.3 percent to 17.2
http://www.presstv.com/pop/print.aspx?id=68059 9/6/2008
3. Press TV Print Page 3 of 6
percent.
5. Peru- Due to high international food prices poverty will rise from 44.2 to 49.5 percent of the
population according to the August 2008 report by the Inter-American Bank of Development.
6. Canada- A report in late 2007 by The United Way of Greater Toronto stated that 30 percent of
Toronto families, amounting to about 93,000 households, were living in poverty. A similar study
in 1990 showed that about 16 percent of families were in the same situation and therefore a 14
percent increase in a mere 17 years.
7. Mexico- Latin American News Agency quoted on 18th August 2008 that 8 million additional
Mexicans had been pushed into poverty over the last two years due to the soaring fuel prices and
their impact on food prices. At least 18.5 million Mexicans now live in extreme poverty.
8. Scotland, UK- More than 1million Scottish households will face fuel poverty before the end of
the year after two energy firms announced huge increases in the price of gas and electricity -
Media comment on 22nd August 2008.
9. United Kingdom-There are 900,000 more people living in severe poverty than there were in
1997. The gap in infant mortality between the poorest and richest households has grown -
George Osborne, Conservative Party shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer, August 2008.
10. India- In July 2008 after the collapse of the World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations,
India's commerce minister Kamal Nath stated that India is a country where 700 million people
live on a maximum of 2 dollars a day and where 300 million people of these live on 1 dollar a
day, equating together to 87 percent of the total population of India.
11. China- Although China has gone through an unprecedented economic miracle, achieved in a
single generation, there are still 300 million Chinese living on a maximum of USD2 a day and
2/3rds of this number on only USD1 a day - BBC interview late 2007.
Q. How has Globalization influenced poverty? Has it succeeded in overcoming the problem or has
it worsened the situation?
A. Indeed, according to the environmental activist Lorna Salzman, for the millions squatting in
hovels daily (over 1 billion people), they derive NOTHING from globalization. It is infuriating to
realize that globalization is a total scam for the vast majority of the world's people.
In terms of the poor and what a capitalist predicts for their future, James D. Wolfensohn stated
in 1999 when he was President of the World Bank, that out of the 6 billion people living on our
planet, 3 billion live on less than two dollars a day. By the end of the next fifteen years (2015),
these will be 4 billion out of 8 billion (living on the same amount). In other words, the UN's
Millennium Development Goals of halving poverty by 2015 was defunct before it even began.
These two statements in many ways say everything to me in terms of future world poverty
adopting the dictates of capitalism, as we have on the one hand the environmental activist and
on the other hand the head of the institution that is charged to reduce poverty. Both say
basically that capitalism and globalization will do nothing for the poor, other than to further
impoverish them or keep the status quo.
But overall I have made some basic observations,
1. Capitalism harnesses self-interest in a helpful and sustainable way but only for those who can
pay. The poor therefore have no part in this inequitable system.
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2. Capitalism increases inequality. In modern times, China and India are experiencing this social
problem already.
3. Capitalism is a system that uses people to make a very small minority rich beyond their
wildest dreams and a world that suffers through that process. Indeed, although capitalism gives
the people a wage, it has no real human conscience and where people are always at the whims
of the rich who employ them. As world population grows and the Earth's natural finite resources
depletes forever, one does not have to be an Einstein to see that the present capitalist system
will eventually fail human development with catastrophic effects.
Indeed, the capitalist system has made the very few enormously rich but left half the world
conversely poor. This can be seen in that the richest 5 percent of the world's countries generated
64 percent of the world's output and income in 2007. Therefore, world income and wealth is
distributed very unequally and where the bottom 95 percent of countries earned only 36 percent
of world GDP last year.
Indeed, only a minority of people become rich through capitalism and where the vast remainders
of people live in comparative poverty. Considering the ramifications of this, it cannot be right for
either the sustainability of our planet or the very survival of the human experience itself in the
long term.
In this respect, it is not good for industrialized nations also and where David Brady stated in his
paper, "Did Economic Globalization Cause Greater Earnings Inequality in Affluent Democracies?"
that he presented to the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association in late 2007,
that the analysis of 18 affluent democracies from the 1960s to the present day demonstrate that
globalization significantly increased earnings inequality.
Q. How can we end poverty? Are there any practical ways which can help communities combat
this global challenge?
A. When we discuss capitalism and its link with poverty we have to read one of the most
authoritative and 'independent' modern-day reports undertaken on the subject. In this respect,
the report is from the New Economics Foundation (NEF) based in the United Kingdom. First
published in 2006 its title is, "Growth isn't working: the uneven distribution of benefits and costs
from economic growth". It reported that the world economy is giving less to the poorest in spite
of the ongoing global poverty campaign.
In this respect, the report commented that the worlds poorest have seen a 73 percent drop in
share of benefits from growth in the last decade. Indeed, according to the NEF, globalization is
failing the world's poorest, as their share of the rewards of growth plummet and where added to
this the accelerating climate change hurts the poorest most.
The NEF report revealed that the share of benefits from global economic growth reaching the
world's poorest people is actually shrinking, while they continue to bear an unfair share of the
costs.
According to the figures contained in the report, growth was less effective at passing on benefits
to the poorest in the 1990's than it was even in the 1980's, but where also it concluded in an age
of rising climate chaos, this would definitely deteriorate the future prospects for the poor even
further.
Calculations in the NEF report exposed also that between 1990 and 2001 for every US$100 worth
of growth in the world's income per capita, just US$0.60 found its way to the poor and
contributed to reducing poverty for those living on less than a dollar a day.
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This analysis equated to 73 per cent less than in the 1980's, the so called 'lost decade for
development', when US$2.20 in every US$100 worth of growth contributed to reducing poverty
for those living on less than a dollar a day.
Indeed, to achieve a single dollar of poverty reduction in the 1990's it took US$166 of extra
global production and consumption with enormous environmental impacts that hurt the poorest
most. As an example the upheaval from climate change.
The NEF report stated that the belief that global economic growth is the only way of reducing
poverty for the world's poorest people is the self-serving rhetoric of those who already enjoy the
greatest share of the world's income. Indeed, based upon the global distribution of income in
1993, even if the benefits of global growth were distributed evenly, it would benefit someone in
the richest 1 percent of the world's population 120 times more than someone in the poorest 10
percent.
Overall NEF stated that, "Our obsession with growth and our relentless pursuit of a global system
which creates ever greater dependency on it has put us on the road to perdition. This confronts
us with an artificial and unnecessary choice between the moral imperative of poverty eradication
and the practical necessity of environmental sustainability. We need policies aimed directly at
reducing poverty and ensuring environmental sustainability, leaving growth as a by-product.
That means a new global economic system which will allow, foster and support such policies at
the national level."
The problem is that the growth dictum places the economies of the developed world as
motivating models of economic development for the rest of the world to follow. But to duplicate
these standards of living, in an environmental understanding, is fundamentally invalid. Indeed,
for everyone in the world to sustain themselves at the present EU level of consumption, the
world would require twice the resources of the biosphere, an impossibility. Indeed, if we all
consumed at the rate of the USA, we would require the resources of five biospheres to sustain
ourselves, another impossibility.
Therefore, we are really fooling ourselves in believing that between 9 and 12.5 billion people by
2050 can live at this level. Unfortunately, our politicians do not tell us this and by not doing so
they create the conditions that will eventually create enormous conflict throughout the world.
I say this with no relish and can only hope that our leaders eventually see our present system of
development for what it really is, a recipe for human disaster on a momentous level and where
human extinction awaits us all.
According to the NEF report, "Orthodox economics tells us that a rising tide lifts all boats, or that,
rather than sharing the cake more evenly, it is better to bake a larger one. Ironically now,
however, sea levels really are rising, as a result of global warming and driven by the pollution
from economic growth. And millions of the poor have no boats at all to rise in. Where the cake is
concerned, the massed ranks of orthodox economists are yet to find the ingredients, or even a
recipe, to bake a spare planet to share among the world's population."
Q. In your opinion, what are the most important strategic initiatives that should be pursued on
national and international levels to confront poverty?
A. Relying on growth to deliver the world's poorest people out of poverty is both economically
and ecologically inept in even the short-term. For as NEF's figures exposed, poverty could be
reduced without growth by undertaking more effective distribution with what we already have. In
this respect, by redistributing just 1 percent of the income of the richest 20 percent of the
world's population would have the same rewards as world growth of 20 percent without
redistribution.
http://www.presstv.com/pop/print.aspx?id=68059 9/6/2008