Femtolasik...Indications and limitationsAmr Mounir
This presentation describes all indications and limitations of femtosecond laser surgery.....you can watch the illustrated video presentation in the following link:
https://youtu.be/vCwu-_hpWxA
Femtolasik...Indications and limitationsAmr Mounir
This presentation describes all indications and limitations of femtosecond laser surgery.....you can watch the illustrated video presentation in the following link:
https://youtu.be/vCwu-_hpWxA
Boris Malyugin, M.D., PhD.'s presentation about Malyugin Ring® pearls. The key learning points of the presentation include the step-wise approach in managing small pupils, the main drivers for the decision to use pupil expander device, and the Malyugin Ring® implantation and removal pearls.
It describes about the procedure of Hess charting. it serves as a great tool to understand the concepts involved. Suitable for optometry course. This is not a routine procedure but an important procedure which is used in diagnosis.
A case of dense nuclear cataract has undergone phacoemulsificaton by horizontal chop technique. the pupil was small so Iris retractor was utilized. Intraocular lens was implanted.
Wavefront guided laser surgery - Zyoptic HD ® 2017Bijan Farpour
L'evolution de la chirurgie réfractive au laser permet de faire des traitement " wavefront" personnalisé afin de compenser les imperfections optiques aboutissant a des visions "HD". ( haute définition)
Boris Malyugin, M.D., PhD.'s presentation about Malyugin Ring® pearls. The key learning points of the presentation include the step-wise approach in managing small pupils, the main drivers for the decision to use pupil expander device, and the Malyugin Ring® implantation and removal pearls.
It describes about the procedure of Hess charting. it serves as a great tool to understand the concepts involved. Suitable for optometry course. This is not a routine procedure but an important procedure which is used in diagnosis.
A case of dense nuclear cataract has undergone phacoemulsificaton by horizontal chop technique. the pupil was small so Iris retractor was utilized. Intraocular lens was implanted.
Wavefront guided laser surgery - Zyoptic HD ® 2017Bijan Farpour
L'evolution de la chirurgie réfractive au laser permet de faire des traitement " wavefront" personnalisé afin de compenser les imperfections optiques aboutissant a des visions "HD". ( haute définition)
La chirurgie correctrice au laser peut se faire directement sur la surface oculaire a l'aide du laser excimer. Cette technique n'implique pas la découpe d'un volet et est une excellente alternative pour les patients avec de faibles myopies ou des cornées fines.
La chirurgie de la presbytie n'est pas toujours possible avec le laser. Il faut alors envisager une chirurgie du cristallin claire avec des implants multi-focaux. Ceux-ci permettent de corriger la vision de loin et près de manière définitive.
Blade Free Lasik Surgery India,Price Blade Lasik Surgery Delhi India,Blade Free Lasik Surgery Cost In India Info On Cost Blade Free Lasik Surgery Mumbai Delhi Bangalore India,Blade Free Lasik Surgery Treatment Hospitals India,Blade Free Lasik Surgery Doctors Surgeon India,Blade Free Lasik Surgery Center India
Accommodative and multifocal intraocular lensesBijan Farpour
New generation premium lenses. Accommodative and multifocal intraocular lenses used for cataract surgery and presbyopic lens exchange in modern eye surgery.
La chirurgie des amétropie n'est pas toujours possible avec les laser modernes. On se tourne alors vers les implants qui peuvent corriger de fortes amétropies avec ou sans astigmatismes ou des patients avec des cornées a risques.
Although both PRK and Bladeless Lasik Surgery is very similar in their respective processes, there are still differences between the two. Know what key points differentiates PRK vs Lasik Eye Surgery.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journey
Femto lasik 2017
1. Cataract Surgery
Dr B Farpour
Geneva 2017
www.visionlaser.ch
FEMTO-LASIK or BLADELESS LASIK
Geneva refractive public education lectures
Courtesy of AAO
presentation support
2. Bladeless LASIK
• Light rays enter the eye through
the clear cornea, pupil and lens.
• These light rays are focused
directly onto the retina, the light-
sensitive tissue lining the back of
the eye.
• The retina converts light rays into
impulses, sent through the optic
nerve to your brain, where they
are recognized as images.
• 70% of the eye's focusing power
comes from the cornea and 30%
from the lens.
2
How the eye works
Eye anatomy
4. Bladeless LASIK
Refractive errors
• Inability to see clearly is often caused by refractive error.
• Four types of refractive error:
Myopia (nearsightedness)
Hyperopia (farsightedness)
Astigmatism
Presbyopia
4
5. Bladeless LASIK
• In myopia (nearsightedness),
there is too much optical
power in the eye.
The distance between the
cornea and the retina may be
too long or the power of the
cornea and the lens may be
too strong.
• Light rays focus in front of the
retina instead of on it.
• Close objects will look clear,
but distant objects will appear
blurred.
5
Refractive errors: myopia
Myopia, or nearsightedness
6. Bladeless LASIK
• In hyperopia (farsightedness),
there is too little optical power.
The distance between the
cornea and the retina may be
too short.
• Light rays are focused behind
the retina instead of on it.
• In adults (but not children),
distant objects will look clear,
but close objects will appear
blurred.
6
Refractive errors: hyperopia
Hyperopia, or farsightedness
7. Bladeless LASIK
• In astigmatism, the cornea is
curved unevenly — shaped
more like a football than a
basketball.
• Light passing through the
uneven cornea is focused in
two or more locations.
• Distant and close objects may
appear blurry.
7
Refractive errors: astigmatism
Astigmatism occurs when light passes
through football-shaped cornea.
8. Bladeless LASIK
• Presbyopia is an age-related condition in which
your eyes gradually lose the ability to see things up
close, because the lens of the aging eye can no
longer change shape.
• When we are young, the lens in our eyes is flexible
and is able to change focus easily between near
and far objects, like an autofocus on a camera.
• At around age 40, this flexibility begins to gradually
decrease, making it more difficult to see objects up
close, unless the eye has nearsightedness.
8
Refractive errors: presbyopia
9. Bladeless LASIK
What is refractive surgery?
• Refractive surgery is a group of outpatient surgical procedures used to
alter how your eye focuses light rays on the retina, thereby improving
vision and reducing dependence on glasses and contact lenses.
• In most cases, refractive surgery affects the shape of your cornea to
redirect how light is focused onto the retina. Popular procedures include
LASIK, LASEK and PRK.
9
Refractive
surgery
procedure on
the cornea
10. Bladeless LASIK
What is refractive surgery?
• Most refractive surgery is performed on the cornea and affects only
the front of your eye, while the rest of your eye will change naturally
as you age.
• In some cases, refractive surgery procedures don’t reshape the
cornea; instead, the eye’s natural lens is either replaced or
enhanced by an implantable lens that helps correct vision.
10
12. Bladeless LASIK
What is laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)?
• LASIK is an outpatient refractive surgery used to treat
nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) and
astigmatism.
• LASIK involves:
creating a thin, hinged flap in the cornea, which is then gently folded
back to expose the internal structure of the cornea;
using an excimer laser to precisely sculpt the exposed cornea to correct
your refractive error; and
immediately repositioning the thin flap following the laser application and
allowing it to heal naturally.
12
13. Bladeless LASIK
What is LASIK?
• For myopia, your corneal tissue is removed centrally in a lenticular
(lens-like) pattern, thereby flattening the central cornea and
reducing the eye’s focusing power to correct your refractive error.
• For hyperopia, your corneal tissue is removed around the edges,
thereby steepening the central cornea and increasing the eye’s
focusing power.
• For astigmatism, your corneal tissue is removed in a precise
elliptical pattern that steepens the cornea where it is too flat and
flattens the cornea where it is too steep, thereby accurately
correcting your refractive error.
13
14. Bladeless LASIK
• Traditional LASIK uses a microsurgical instrument called a
microkeratome to create the flap in the cornea.
• Femto-LASIK uses a specific type of laser, called a femtosecond
laser, to create the corneal flap.
14
How is FEMTO-LASIK or
BLADELESS LASIK different?
LASIK refractive
surgery procedure
15. Bladeless LASIK
• A preoperative eye exam includes measurements to give the
surgeon the necessary information to perform the procedure:
Refractive error measurement
Pupil evaluation and measurement
Tonometry: measurement of your eye’s intraocular pressure
15
How is Femto-LASIK performed?
Slit lamp exam
16. Bladeless LASIK
• Corneal topography: mapping the surface details of the cornea
• Corneal keratometry: measurement of the form and curvature
of the cornea
• Corneal pachymetry: measurement of corneal thickness
16
How is Femto-LASIK performed?
Pachymetry
measures corneal
thickness.
17. Bladeless LASIK
• Prior to the LASIK procedure, your eye(s) are prepped for surgery
and treated with anesthetic drops.
17
How is Femto-LASIK performed?
18. Bladeless LASIK 18
How is Femto-LASIK performed?
Your ophthalmologist (Eye M.D.) uses a laser to create a thin, hinged
flap of corneal tissue.
19. Bladeless LASIK 19
How is Femto-LASIK performed?
Once the flap is lifted to one side . . .
. . . a different laser is used to
apply laser energy for a few
seconds to a minute or so to
reshape the exposed surface of
your cornea.
20. Bladeless LASIK
• The tissue flap from your cornea is placed back into its original
position, where it adheres naturally, protecting the treated area
and restoring the smooth front surface of your eye.
20
How is Femto-LASIK performed?
21. Bladeless LASIK
• After the procedure, the reshaped cornea focuses light more
accurately on the retina.
21
How is LASIK performed?
23. Bladeless LASIK
Considerations for Femto-LASIK surgery
• Femto-LASIK is a less invasive procedure than intraocular surgery.
• The procedure and visual recovery are quick, and discomfort is
typically minimal.
23
24. Bladeless LASIK
Considerations against Femto-LASIK surgery
• Femto-LASIK is not recommended for patients with thin corneas.
• Femto-LASIK is not recommended for patients with keratoconus
(irregular protrusion of the cornea), or other corneal diseases.
• Femto-LASIK is not recommended if myopia, hyperopia or
astigmatism is beyond the approved parameters of the procedure.
• Femto-LASIK is not recommended for patients with significant
systemic medical illnesses that may severely affect healing.
• Femto-LASIK is not recommended for patients with severe dry eye.
• After Femto-LASIK, you may be restricted from certain occupations.
24
25. Bladeless LASIK
Risks and possible side effects of Femto-LASIK surgery
• Overcorrection or undercorrection (with a possible need for retreatment)
• Reduced contrast vision (sharpness)
• Poor night vision
• Glare, halos, starburst, ghosting of images
• Corneal infection
• Light sensitivity
• Dry eyes
• Flap complication (either during or following surgery)
• Loss of vision
• Regression of initial surgical effect
25
26. Bladeless LASIK
To be a candidate for Femto-LASIK, you should:
• be at least 18 years of age;
• not be pregnant or nursing;
• be free of any eye disease;
• have a stable eye prescription over the past year; and
• have a refractive error within the approved range of correction.
26
27. Bladeless LASIK
Is refractive surgery right for you?
• Advanced surgical procedures, like Femto-LASIK, are creating more
opportunities for people who want to be less dependent on glasses
or contacts.
• Surgery may not entirely eliminate your need for corrective lenses.
Glasses or contacts may still be needed for activities such as fine or
detailed work, reading and perhaps night driving.
27
28. Bladeless LASIK
Is refractive surgery right for you?
• A large part of the success of any
refractive surgery depends on your
understanding of the procedure and
your expectations.
• Since refractive surgery is an elective
procedure, you have the opportunity
and responsibility to become fully
informed about its risks and benefits.
• Your ophthalmologist will explain the
specific technique, its benefits, as
well as possible risks and side effects
associated with your case.
28
29. Bladeless LASIK
• With the help of your ophthalmologist, it’s ultimately your responsibility to
weigh the risks and side effects of a procedure with the benefits it has to
offer.
• If you decide refractive surgery is right for you, you may join millions of
people who have reduced their dependence on glasses or contacts.
29
Discuss options and questions with your ophthalmologist