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1. Facts About
Buddhism
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2. Gautam Buddha
• Founder : Buddhism
• Born : 563 BC at Lumbini in kshatriya clan
• Father : Suddhodhana (saka ruler)
• Mother : Mahanaya died after 7 days of his birth, so he was
brought up by stepmother Gautami
• Wife : Yashodhara
• Son : Rahul

3. Major Events of Buddha's Life
EVENTS SYMBOLS AGE PLACE
Janma (Birth) Lotus & Bull Lumbini
Mahabhinishkramana
(Renunciation)
Horse 29 Buddha's Kingdom
Nirvana/Sambodhi
(Enlightenment)
Bodhi Tree 35 Uruvella (Bodh Gaya)
Dharmachakra
pravartana
(1st Sermon)
Wheel Saranath
Mahaparinirvana
(Death)
Stupa 80 Kusinagar (UP)

4. Teaching Of Buddha
(a) Four Noble Truths (Arya Satya's)
1. The world is full of sorrows (Sabbam Dukkam)
2. The cause of sorrow is desire (Dwadash Nidan)
3. If desires are conquered, all sorrows can be removed
(Nirvana)
4. This can be achieved by following the 8-fold path
(Ashtangika Marga)

5. (b) Eight-fold Path (Ashtangika Marga)
1. Right understanding
2. Right thought
3. Right speech
4. Right action
5. Right means of action
6. Right effort
7. Right mindfulness
awareness
8. Right concentrations
meditation

6. c. Three Jewels (Triratnas)
• Buddha (the enlightened)
• Dhamma (doctrine)
• Sangha (order)

7. (d) Code of Conduct
• Do not covet the property of others
• Do not commit violence
• Do not use intoxicants
• Do not speak a lie
• Do not indulge in corrupt practices
(e) Belief in Nirvana
(f) Belief in Ahimsa

8. Sects of Buddhism
• Vajrayana
Its followers believed that salvation could be attained by
magical power, which they called vajra
The chief divinity of the sect is Taras. Bengal and Bihar
was the main area of concentration.
• Hinayana : The Lesser Vehicle
• Mahayana : The Greater Vehicle

9. Buddhist Scriptures
Hinayana Literature (in Pali)
• Triptikas
1. Vinaya Pitaka rules of monastic discipline for monks
2. Sutra Pitaka collection of Buddha's sermon
3. Abhidhamma Pitaka Philosophies of buddha's teachings

10. Bodhisattvas
1. Vajrapani (holds thunderbolt)
2. Avlokitesvara/Padmapani (lotus bearer)
3. Manjushri (holds books describing 10 paramitas)
4. Kshitigrha (guardian of purgatories)
5. Maitreya (the future Buddha)
6. Amitabha/Amitayusha (The Buddha of heaven)

11. Buddhist Architecture
Buddhism takes credits for
• First human statues to be worshipped
• Stone – pillars depicting the life of Buddha at
Gaya, Sanchi and Bharhut
• Gandhara art and the beautiful images of the Buddha
• Cave architecture in the Barabar hills at Gaya and around
Nashik

12. Buddhist Architecture
• Art pieces of Amaravati and Nagarjunakonda
• Traditional names of Buddhist places
• Stupa relics of Buddha or some prominent monks
• Chaitya Prayer hall
• Vihara Residence

13. Buddhist Universities
Buddhist
Universities
Location Founder
Nalanda Badagaon, Bihar Kumaragupta-I
Vikramshila Bhagalpur, Bihar Dharmapala
Somapuri North Bengal Dharmapala
Jagadal Bengal Ramapala
Odantpuri Bihar Sharif, Bihar Gopala
Vallabhi Gujarat Bhattarka

14. Buddhist Councils
Buddh
ist
Counc
il
yea
r
venue chairma
n
Royal
Patro
n
Developments
1st council 483
BC
Saptaparn
i cave,
Rajgriha
Mahakassaap
a
Ajatashatr
u
Compilation of sutta and vinaya
pitaka
2nd
council
383
BC
Vaishali Sabakami Kalasoka Monks were split into
sthavirmadins & maha
sanghikas
3rd
council
250
BC
Pataliput
ra
Mogaliputta
Tissa
Ashoka Compilation of Abhidhamma
pitaka
4th
council
Ad 72 Kundalva
n,
kashmir
Vasumitra
and
ashwaghosha
Kanishka Division of Buddhists into
Hinayana & Mahayana

15. Importance of Buddhism
• Promotion of trade and commerce
• Stressed upon the Doctrine of Ahimsa
• Improvement in condition of women and down trodden
sections
• Spread of Indian Culture to other parts of Asia
• Promotion of Pali language and education

16. Spread of Buddhism
• Mahayanism in Central Asia, China and Japan, Hinayanism
in Ceylon, Thailand and other parts of south – East Asia
• King Ashoka sent Buddhist missions under his son
Mahendra and daughter Sanghamitra to Srilanka
• Kanishka was the patron of Mahayana Sect of Buddhism

17. Causes of the Decline of Buddhism
• Incorporation of rituals and ceremonies, it originally
denounced
• Reform in Brahmanism and rise of Bhagavatism
• Buddhists took up the use of Sanskrit, started
practicing idol worship, receiving offerings and huge
donation

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