Fabric-让部署变得简单

Fabric

Lo (Eric Lo)
http://lxneng.com
lxneng@gmail.com
twitter: @lxneng

Sunday, August 29, 2010

About
Fabric is a Python library and command-
line tool for streamlining the use of SSH
for application deployment or systems
administration tasks

capistrano in python
单学经
统

Fabric is two things

Api for streamlining the use of ssh for
app development or system management
tasks

Command-line interface for calling
python methods


Install

sudo easy_install fabric


Example
vim fabfile.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
from fabric.api import env, run

env.hosts = ['xxx.com']
env.user = 'eric'
def du():
run("du -sh /home/eric")

Erics-MacBook:~ eric$ fab du
[xxx.com] run: du -sh /home/eric
[xxx.com] out: 942M
/home/eric

Done.
Disconnecting from xxx.com... done.


Deploy my rails app
Erics-MacBook:~ eric$ cd NetBeans_Workspace/lxneng
Erics-MacBook:lxneng eric$ touch fabfile.py
Erics-MacBook:lxneng eric$ vim fabfile.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

from fabric.api import env, run, cd, local, put

env.hosts = ['192.168.1.5']
env.user = 'eric'
DEPLOY_PATH = '/var/www/'
APP_NAME = 'lxneng'
APP_PATH = '%s%s'%(DEPLOY_PATH, APP_NAME)
DATABASE_CONF_PATH = '/srv/conf/database.yml'


pack & upload

def pack_code():
    local('tar czf /tmp/%s.tgz .'%APP_NAME)

def upload_code():
    put('/tmp/%s.tgz'%APP_NAME, '/tmp/')
    with cd(APP_PATH):
        run('tar xzf /tmp/%s.tgz'%APP_NAME)


config & restart
def conf():
    run("cp %s %s/config/"%(DATABASE_CONF_PATH, APP_PATH))
    run("ln -nfs /srv/photos %s/public/photos"%APP_PATH)
    with cd(APP_PATH):
        run("rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production")

def restart():
    run("touch %s/tmp/restart.txt"%APP_PATH)


Deploy
def deploy():
    pack_code()
    upload_code()
    conf()
    restart()


define roles
env.roledefs = {
‘testing’: [‘192.168.1.5’],
‘staging’: [‘.........’],
‘production’: [‘......’, ‘........’],
‘database’: [‘........’]
}

def testing():
env.hosts = env.roledefs[‘testing’]
env.user = ‘testuser’
# ...

def deploy():
# deploy code here

fab testing deploy

Fabric Commands
• require: Make sure that certain environment variables
are available.
• prompt: Display a prompt to the user and store the input
in the given variable. Validation is optional.
• put: Upload ﬁles to the remote host(s).
• get: Download a ﬁle from a remote host.
• run: Run a shell command on the remote host(s).
• sudo: Run a root privileged shell command command on
the remote host(s).
• local: Run a command locally.

Fabric Contrib Commands
• rsync_project: Synchronize a remote directory with the current project
directory via rsync.
• upload_project: Upload the current project to a remote system, tar-
gzipping during the move.
• exists: Return True if given path exists.
• first: Given one or more file paths, returns first one found, or None.
• upload_template: Render and upload a template text file to a remote host.
• sed: Run a search-and-replace on filename with given regex patterns.
• comment/uncomment: Attempt to (un)comment out all lines in filename
matching regex.
• contains: Return True if filename contains text.
• append: Append string (or list of strings) text to filename.
• confirm: Ask user a yes/no question and return their response as True /
False.

Fabric Decorators
• hosts: Deﬁnes on which host or hosts to execute the wrapped
function.
• roles: Deﬁnes a list of role names, used to look up host lists.
• runs_once: Prevents wrapped function from running more than
once.

@hosts('user1@host1', 'host2', 'user2@host3')
@runs_once
def my_func():
pass

@roles('web')
def my_other_func():
pass

app
fabﬁle
fabﬁle http://gist.github.com/472566


Reference

Fabric documentation http://fabfile.org/

Pythonic Deployment with Fabric 0.9

Fabric: A Capistrano Alternative


Q&A

Thank You


Fabric-让部署变得简单

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