Fabric for fun_and_profit
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Fabric is a Python tool for streamlining the use of SSH for systems administration tasks. It allows you to write Python functions to represent tasks and run them on remote servers. The document provides an introduction to Fabric and examples of using it to execute commands on multiple servers, define environments for development and production, and integrate with tools like Vagrant. Fabric allows mixing Python and system calls to perform automated administrative tasks across multiple servers.
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Fabric for fun_and_profit
- 1. Fabric for fun and profit @ jairtrejo Pycon APAC 2013
- 4. We ssh in and out servers all the time
- 5. Fabric is a Python tool for streamlining the use of SSH for systems administration
- 6. @hosts(staging, production) @task def publish(): local('./build') project.rsync_project( remote_dir=DEST_PATH, local_dir=DEPLOY_PATH.rstrip('/') + '/', delete=True ) run(‘./bin/restart-apache’)
- 8. $ pip install fabric
- 9. Tasks
- 10. # fabfile.py from fabric.api import task, local @task def hello(): local('echo "Hello, world"')
- 11. $ fab hello Hello, world
- 12. multi-host
- 13. # fabfile.py from fabric.api import run, task @task def host_type(): run('uname -s')
- 14. $ fab -H localhost,jair@jairtrejo.mx host_type Darwin Linux
- 16. # fabfile.py from fabric.api import run, task, env @task def development(): env.hosts = [ 'fake.jairtrejo.mx', 'demo.jairtrejo.mx'] @task def production(): env.hosts = ['jairtrejo.mx'] @task def host_type(): run('uname -s')
- 17. $ fab production host_type
- 18. Case study: Gift cards
- 19. Huge files
- 20. Download link
- 21. Random URLs
- 23. @task def production(): """ Production server """ env.user = 'pdfs' env.hosts = ['example.com'] # Pdf’s storage env.pdf_base_dir = '/var/www/vhosts/example.com/httpdocs/PDFS/'
- 24. It is just Python
- 25. @task def find_and_rename(listing, source, destination): pdfs = [] with open(listing, 'rb') as csvfile: reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile) for row in reader: name = ‘%s.pdf’ % row[“Client number”] if os.path.exists(os.path.join(source, name)): pdfs.append(name) else: logging.warning("Not found: %s" % name) import logging logging.basicConfig( filename='example.log', level=logging.DEBUG, format="%(asctime)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s", )
- 26. We can mix Python with system calls
- 27. rows = [] for original in pdfs: fname, ext = os.path.splitext(original) hashed, salt = hash_name(fname) hashed += ext hfname = os.path.join(destination, hashed) local( 'cp "%s" "%s"' % (os.path.join(source, original), hfname) ) rows.append( {'original': original, 'salt': salt, 'archivo': hfname}) rows.sort(key=lambda row: row['original'])
- 29. SSH integration
- 30. @task def vagrant(): """ Local dev environment (local Vagrant machine) """ env.user = "vagrant" env.hosts = ["127.0.0.1:2222"] # Vagrant machine's ssh key result = local( "vagrant ssh-config | grep IdentityFile", capture=True) env.key_filename = result.split()[1] # Project directory env.site_dir = "~/src" Via sysadminpy.com
- 31. @task def syncdb(): require("site_dir") with cd(env.site_dir): run("python manage.py syncdb --noinput") run("python manage.py migrate myapp --noinput")
- 32. $ fab vagrant syncdb
- 33. $ fab vagrant -- sudo service couchdb restart
- 34. Task composition
- 35. @task def resetdb(): require("site_dir") run('mysql -u root -pf5dd8Xo -e "DROP DATABASE mydb;" mydb') run('mysql -u root -pf5dd8Xo -e "CREATE DATABASE mydb;"') syncdb()
- 36. $ fab vagrant resetdb
- 37. Silly stuff
- 38. if result.failed: print red("Some tests failed", bold=True) bomb = r""" ,--.!, __/ -*- ,d08b. '|` 0088MM `9MMP' """ print red(bomb) else: print green("All tests passed", bold=True) owl = r""" ,___, [O.o] /)__) -"--"- """ print green(owl)