The document discusses the extraction of pectin from orange peels, detailing the methodology, experimental observations, and results related to pectin yield in relation to pH and solvent type. It was found that ethanol provided a higher yield of pectin compared to acetone, and as pH increases, the yield decreases. The document highlights the applications of pectin, including its use in cosmetics and medicine.

1. PRESENTED BY:
Mr. Vivek Bhargude
Mr. Laxmikant Bodke
EXTRACTION OF PECTIN FROM ORANGE PEELS
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
D Y PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,PUNE
1

2.  Introduction
 Objectives
 Pectin
 Literature Survey
 Experimental Setup
 Methodology
 Experimental Observations
 Experimental Result
 Applications
 References
Contents
2

3.  Orange is most commonly grown fruit in the world
 From peels of Oranges “D-Limonene oil” & “Pectin” is extracted
 Outer part of peel is source of “D-limonene Oil”
 Inner Part of peel known as “Albedo” is source of Pectin
Introduction
3

4.  Extraction of Pectin from Orange Peel
 To Study the Effect of pH on Yield of pectin
 To Study the effect of solvent on extraction of pectin
Objective
4

5.  Pectin is complex polysaccharide mainly contain
“D-galacturonic acid”
 Pectin Contains “neutral sugars” (xylose, galactose & arabinose )
which is present in Side Chains.
 It was first isolated in 1825 by Henri Braconot.
Pectin
5

6. Structure of Pectin
Figure : (a) A repeating segment of pectin molecule and functional groups: (b)
carboxyl; (c) ester
6

7. 7
o Apples - 1-1.5%
o Apricots - 1%
o Cherries - 0.5-3.5%
o Carrots approx. - 1.4%
o Citrus peels - 30%
Typical levels of pectin in plants are:

8. Properties of Pectin
Common Name Pectin
Odour No particular Odour
State Semi Solid
Chemical Formula C6H10 O7
Average Molecular weight 194.1394
IUPAC name (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-
tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic
acid
Traditional name β – D- galactopyranuronic acid
CAS Register number 9000-69-5
8

9. Literature Survey
Sr.
No
Paper Title Author Journal name Description
1. Separation of oil & pectin
from orange peel and
Study of effect of pH of
extracting medium on
yield on pectin
Mr.Shekhar
Pandharipande
Mr.Harshal makode
Journal of
Engineering
Research &
Studies
E-ISSN0976-7916
In this Paper , author
concluded that Distillation
give more yield.
2. Recycling of Orange Peel
as Pectin- A Valuable
Product
Prof.P.B.Dehankar
Prof.N.S.patil
International
Journal of
Informative &
Futuristic
Research
IJIFR/V2/E9/018
1.The maximum yield for
Extraction of Pectin from
Orange Peel is given by
“Ethanol”
2.Optimize the different
parameter i.e. solvent & pH
9

10. Literature Survey
Sr.
No
Paper Title Author Journal name Description
3. A Review on Pectin :
Chemistry due to General
Properties of Pectin & its
Pharmaceutical Uses
Mr.Allwyn Sundar
Raj
Open Access
Scientific Reports
1.This Review Discuss the
importance & properties of
pectin.
2.Application of pectin
4. Extraction of pectin from
citrus fruit peel and use
as natural binder in
paracetamol tablet
Khule, N.R.,N.B.
Mahale, D.S.
Shelar
Scholar Research
Library
1.This paper gave the detail
study of pectin.
2.It gave the study of
various parmeters.
10

11. Methodology Material
Collection
Drying
Grinding
DistillationExtraction
Local Juice
Centres
} Pre-treatment
11

12. 12
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Simple Distillation
setup

13. Mother Liquor
+
Citric Acid
Water Bath
Heating
Filtration
Precipitation of
pectin
Flow Sheet For Extraction
Orange Peel
Sample
Filter Cake Ethanol
CentrifugeJelly PectinDryingDRY PECTIN
13

14.  Simple Distillation Process
Experimental Observations
14
Sr. no. Observation Quantity
1 Distilled Water 225 ml
2 Amount of Orange peels added 25 gm
3 Distillate obtained(Oil) 20 ml
4 Mother Liquor obtained 125 ml

15. 15
 Extraction Process ( Solvent – Ethanol)
Experimental Results
Solution of PH pH1 pH 1.5 pH 2 pH 3
Volume taken for extraction (ml) 100 100 100 100
Amount of Orange peels added (g) 10 10 10 10
Water bath temperature (0 C) 80 80 80 80
Time for Water bath (min) 15 15 15 15
Volume obtained after filtration (ml) 85 60 69 74
Volume of Ethanol added (ml) 45 30 35 37
Centrifuge (rpm) 4500 4500 4500 4500
Centrifuge time (min) 20 20 20 20
Weight of Jelly pectin obtained (g) 20.3 12 10 5
Weight of Dried Pectin Obtained (g) 4.5 2.2 1.1 0.2
% Yield of Pectin 45 22 11 2

16. 16
45
22
11
2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 1.5 2 3
PectinYield(%)
pH
Pectine Yied (%)
Pectine Yied (%)
Graph -Pectin Yield vs pH for Ethanol Solvent

17. 17
 Extraction Process ( Solvent – Acetone)
Experimental Results
Solution of PH pH1 pH 1.5 pH 2
Volume taken for extraction (ml) 100 100 100
Amount of Orange peels added (g) 10 10 10
Water bath temperature (0 C) 80 80 80
Time for Water bath (min) 15 15 15
Volume obtained after filtration (ml) 89 75 60
Volume of Acetone added (ml) 45 38 30
Centrifuge (rpm) 4500 4500 4500
Centrifuge time (min) 20 20 20
Weight of Jelly pectin obtained (g) 12.2 5 -
Weight of Dried Pectin Obtained (g) 1.5 0.4 -
% Yield of Pectin 15 4 -

18. 18
Calculations
Orange Peels- 25 g
Water – 225 g
Mother liquor – 125 g
Cake – 90 g
Oil – 20 g
Distillation
1
Sol. For
extraction – 100
g
Orange Peels- 10
g
Cake-20 g
Mother Liquor – 85 g
Loss – 15 g Loss – 5 g
Extraction
2
Mass Balance

19. 19
Mother liquor -85 g
Ethanol – 45 g
Jelly – 20.3 g
Waste sol- 109.7 g
Precipitation
Jelly – 20.3 g Pectin- 4.5 g
Moisture – 15.8 g
Drying
3 4

20. 20
15
4
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1 1.5 2
Yield(%)
pH
Pectin Yield (%)
Pectin Yield
Graph -Pectin Yield vs pH for Acetone Solvent

21. 21
45
22
11
15
4
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 1.5 2
Yield(%)
pH
Solvent vs Yield (%)
Ethanol Solvent
Acetone Solvent
Graph -Solvent vs Yield (%)

22. 22
Jelly Pectin

23. 23
 Gelling agent
 Stabilizer
 Cosmetics product
 Medicine
Applications of Pectin

24. 24
 Cosmetic product
 Hand cleaners
 Solvent for cleaning
Applications of D-Limonene oil

25. 25
 Study reveal that pectin is obtained from Citrus pill
 Study of pH showed that as pH increases yield of Pectin
decreases.
 As Experimental result shows that Ethanol gives better Yield of
Pectin than Acetone.
Conclusion

26. References
[1] Dehankar.P.B, Patil.N.S, Recycling of orange peels as a Pectin- A valuable Product,
,IJIFR/V2/E9/018,ISSN-2347-1697 , VOL.2 ISSUE9
[2] Shekhar Pandharipande, Harshal Makode. Separation of oil and pectin from orange peel and
study of effect of ph of extracting medium on the yield of pectin, Journal of Engineering Research
and Studies.
[3] Allwyn Sundar Raj, A Review on Pectin : Chemistry due to General Properties of Pectin & its
Pharmaceutical Uses, , Open Access Scientific Reports
[4] Khule, N.R.,N.B. Mahale, D.S. Shelar. Extraction of pectin from citrus fruit peel and use as
natural binder in paracetamol tablet. Scholar Research Library.
26

27. Prepared By -
Yogesh Chaudhari
Roshan Mulchandani
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