The document discusses various methods for extracting metals from metal ores. It describes bioleaching as a biological process where bacteria break down ores to produce an acidic solution containing metal ions. Another biological method is phytomining, which involves plants absorbing metal compounds, being burned, and leaving behind ash containing metal oxides. The document also evaluates these biological extraction methods compared to electrolysis and discusses the importance of extracting metals and developing new methods.

1. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Suggest where metals come from and how we
make them into useable objects.
Key words: Extraction, Process, Aluminium, Copper, Ore

2. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Challenge: Create 2 questions where the answer requires the
use of at least two key words in an explanation
Recall 3 steps involved in
treating waste water.
State the equations for
complete and incomplete
combustion.
What is a problem with
incomplete combustion?
Recall how natural gas and oil
are made.
LAST LESSON LAST WEEK
LAST TOPIC
LAST YEAR

3. 11 September 2022
Extracting Metals
from Metal Ores

5. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Suggest a minimum of 2 problems with this during
and after mining has taken place. You must write in
full sentences use a connective.
STRETCH: Explain how this links to recycling.

6. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Metal ores
Most metals must be extracted from
rocks, called ores, in the Earth's crust.
Ores contain the metal, or a compound
of the metal, in a high enough
concentration to make it worth
extracting the metal.
Unreactive metals such as gold are found
in the Earth as the metal itself, but most
metals are found as compounds that
require chemical reactions to extract the
metals.

7. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022

8. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022

9. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Other than
electrolysis, identify
the 2 methods of
extraction.
Describe the
biological methods of
extraction.
Evaluate the
biological methods
and compare to
electrolysis.
C
H
A
L
L
E
N
G
E

10. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022

11. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Bioleaching
Bioleaching is the extraction of specific metals from their ores using
bacteria.
Certain bacteria can break down low-grade ores to produce an acidic
solution containing copper ions. The solution is called a leachate and
the process is called bioleaching.
Iron is more reactive than copper. It can displace copper from the
leachate.
Bioleaching does not need high temperatures but it:
• produces toxic substances, including sulfuric acid, which damage the
environment

12. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Phytomining
Step 1) Plants absorb copper compounds through their roots.
Step 2) The plants are then burned.
Step 3) The copper ions react with oxygen.
Step 4) This produces ash that contains the copper compound/oxide.
Phytomining is slow, but it:
• reduces the need to obtain
new ore by mining
• conserves limited supplies
of more valuable ores with
higher metal content

13. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Describe (in detail)
three methods of
extracting metals
from ores.
Evaluate each of
the methods
(pro’s/con’s)
Explain why
extracting metals
and finding new
ways to do this is
so important.
Challenge: Explain how carbon can be used to extract metals
(hint; reactivity series!)
C H A L L E N G E

14. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Todays
Lesson
Last
Lesson
Last Last
Lesson
State the two biological methods of extracting
copper.
Explain why we treat waste water.
Recall the practical on analysis of water.

15. Extracting Metals from
Metal Ores 11 September 2022
Task: Use all of the information you have to complete the table.