The document provides an overview of export, including its definition as goods produced in one country being shipped to other markets. It discusses the history and process of export, identifying key actors like exporters, banks, and customs agencies. The document outlines reasons for exporting like increasing sales and diversifying sources of revenue. It also examines advantages and disadvantages as well as direct and indirect methods of export. Barriers to export and factors to consider in the export decision-making process are presented. Country-level export data is given to facilitate comparisons.

1. Export
Radek Danč

2. Summary
 Introduction of export
 History
 Process and actors
 Why export?
 Advantages of exporting
 Disadvantages of exporting
 Ways of exporting
 Barriers
 Making decision
 Comparison of countries

3. What is export?
 Goods produced in one country are shipped to other
markets
 Ship the goods and services out of the port of a
country
 Foreign demand for goods produced by home country

4. Additional information
 Export vs. Import Exporter X Importer
 For many industries of all sizes, small, medium and big
 Domestic producer foreign consumers
 The most common way of serving international markets

5. History
 The oldest branches of economic thought
 Major component
 Regularly discussed and disputed two views of int. trade
 recognizes the benefits of international trade
 certain domestic industries (or laborers, or culture) could be
harmed by foreign competition.

6. Process
 Methods of export include a product or good or
information being
 mailed hand-delivered,
 shipped by air or vessel,
 uploaded to an internet site,
 downloaded from an internet site.
Exports also include the distribution of information
that can be sent in the form of an email, an email
attachment, a fax or can be shared during a telephone
conversation

7. Actors
 Exporter (individuals or businesses)
 Banks
 Ministry of Foreign Trade
 Customs Administration
 Customs Transport Agent

8. Why export?
 Increase Sales
 extend the market (increase in Global Competition)
 respond to overseas buyers
 lengthen a product´s life cycle
 Minimize competitive risks
 Diversify sources of sales and supplies
 Avoid changing domestic conditions
 turn to different markets

9. Advantages of export
Enhance domestic competitiveness
Increase sales and profits
Gain global market share
Exploit corporate technology and know-how
Extend the sales potential of existing products
Stabilize seasonal market fluctuations
Enhance potential for corporate expansion
Sell excess production capacity
Gain information about foreign competition

10. Disadvantages of export
Develop new promotional material
Subordinate short-term profits to long-term gains
Incur added administrative costs
Allocate personnel for travel
Wait longer for payments
Modify your product or packaging
Apply for additional financing
Obtain special export licenses

11. Ways of Exporting
Direct exporting
 The exporting company
may create a separate
export department to
enable its own staff to
concentrate on
Indirect exporting
developing new markets
abroad  Is an independent firm that acts as
the export department of the
company
 A combination export manager
 A manufacturer´s export agent

12. Direct exporting
 Representatives, distributors, or retailers who are
located outside the exporter´s home country
 Direct exports are goods and service
Direct selling through distributors
Direct selling through foreign retailers and end users
Direct selling over the Internet

13. Indirect exporting
 selling goods to or through an independent
domestic intermediary
customers foreign markets

14. Barriers
 Trade barriers are defined as:
 government laws
 regulations protect domestic products
 policy from foreign competition
or stimulate exports
 practices
Strategic
Tariffs
Subsidies

15. Barriers
 Strategic
 international agreements limit trade in, and the
transfer of, certain types of goods and
information
 Tarrifs
 tax placed on a specific good or set of goods
exported from or imported to a country
 Subsidies
 subsidize an industry or company from
government

16. Making the export decision
 What does the company want to gain from exporting?
 Is exporting consistent with other company goals?
 What demands will exporting place on the company's key resources
 management and personnel
 production capacity
 Finance
 Are the expected benefits worth the costs, or would company
resources be better used for developing new domestic business?

17. Country comparison: Exports
Rank Country Exports / $
1. China 1,904,000,000,000
2. United States 1,497,000,000,000
3. Germany 1,408,000,000,000
4. Japan 788,000,000,000
5. France 587,100,000,000
32. Czech Republic 138,500,000,000
55. Colombia 56,220,000,000

18. THANK YOU
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