Explain in detail how OFDM helps mitigates multipath fading effects..pdf

•

0 likes•2 views

Explain in detail how OFDM helps mitigates multipath fading effects. Thank you! As detailed as possible! Solution Multipath fading is a feature that needs to be taken into account when designing or developing a radio communications system. In any terrestrial radio communications system, the signal will reach the receiver not only via the direct path, but also as a result of reflections from objects such as buildings, hills, ground, water, etc that are adjacent to the main path.The overall signal at the radio receiver is a summation of the variety of signals being received. As they all have different path lengths, the signals will add and subtract from the total dependent upon their relative phases. At times there will be changes in the relative path lengths. This could result from either the radio transmitter or receiver moving, or any of the objects that provides a reflective surface moving. This will result in the phases of the signals arriving at the receiver changing, and in turn this will result in the signal strength varying as a result of the different way in which the signals will sum together. It is this that causes the fading that is present on many signals. Multipath fading can affect radio communications channels in two main ways. This can give the way in which the effects of the multipath fading are mitigated..

Education

Similar to Explain in detail how OFDM helps mitigates multipath fading effects..pdf

Signal processing for underwater acoustic communications

Praveen Kumar Reddy

D__published papers_DSTC2014_ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVITION MULTIPLEXING (UNDE...

Dheyauldeen Najm AlZubaidy

Introduction To Wireless Fading Channels

Nitin Jain

Introduction to wireless fading channels

Manwinder Singh

Ee424 fading

Shraddha Bansal

Characteristics of radio waves

Kundan Kumar

Small Scale Fading.ppt

beni steena

Mobile satellite communication

Tanjarul Islam Mishu

Report underwater-wireless

patna

A Land mobile satellite service (LMSS) is an arm of mobile satellite system (MSS), in which a number of services are its subset. To ensure network availability, high quality of service (QoS), and reduce outage on the channel as a result of channel interferences during propagation, it is important to understand channel behaviour in various transmission environments. Vast literature has been published on the subject of channel models that attempted to improve on impairments in communication links: a large number has focused on narrowband channels than wideband. Due to advances in recent technology wideband modelling of satellite channels becomes necessary, which this research study is focused, particularly model for Land Mobile Satellite (LMS) channel. This study models the complete behaviour of LMS Channel based on the Lutz’s (1989) two-state statistical model but modified with two-state Markov chain for two different transmission environments, namely: shadowing (line-of-sight) and un- shadowing (nonline-of-sight) conditions. In order to reduce the effect of channel outages, satellite diversity approach was employed in addition to the 2-state Markov chain. Simulations of these conditions were performed using MATLAB programming language. The study concludes that satellite diversity reduces outage on the channel, and when mobile terminals have access to two geostationary satellites simultaneously network availability is assured compared to when it has only one satellite link.

MODELLING OF LAND MOBILE SATELLITE CHANNEL TO COUNTER CHANNEL OUTAGE

ijdpsjournal

MODELLING OF LAND MOBILE SATELLITE CHANNEL TO COUNTER CHANNEL OUTAGE

ijdpsjournal

Fading in wireless communication.ppt

pravin patil

Chap 5 (small scale fading)

asadkhan1327

fadingvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

NanaAgyeman13

Modelling of Land Mobile Satellite Channel to Counter Channel Outage

ijdpsjournal

Introduction & Wireless Transmission

Joe Christensen

Lecture on mobile radio environme, nt.ppt

NanaAgyeman13

s3_signal_propagation.ppt

Merwyn Jasper D Reuben

Unit_1_Notes_Mob Comp.pdf

DivyaRasrogi

Satellite Microwave

Engr. Abdul Khaleque

Similar to Explain in detail how OFDM helps mitigates multipath fading effects..pdf (20)

Signal processing for underwater acoustic communications

D__published papers_DSTC2014_ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVITION MULTIPLEXING (UNDE...

Introduction To Wireless Fading Channels

Introduction to wireless fading channels

Ee424 fading

Characteristics of radio waves

Small Scale Fading.ppt

Mobile satellite communication

Report underwater-wireless

MODELLING OF LAND MOBILE SATELLITE CHANNEL TO COUNTER CHANNEL OUTAGE

Fading in wireless communication.ppt

Chap 5 (small scale fading)

fadingvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

Modelling of Land Mobile Satellite Channel to Counter Channel Outage

Introduction & Wireless Transmission

Lecture on mobile radio environme, nt.ppt

s3_signal_propagation.ppt

Unit_1_Notes_Mob Comp.pdf

Satellite Microwave

More from wasemanivytreenrco51

Explain what differential cell affinity is, how this process is accomplished and why it is important for morphogenesis. Solution Morphogenesis is a process through which the organism develops its shape. The spatial distribution of organs and cells that belong to a specific group is controlled by this process. During the stage of embryonic development, the cells are restricted to particular layers (differential affinity) because all of them are joined by the same adhesion molecules. This homotypic cell adhesion keeps all the cells of similar type intact and form boundaries with the cells with different type of adhesion molecules, thus maintaining the organ’s or tissue’s shape..

Explain what differential cell affinity is, how this process is acco.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Entamoeba histolytica is an amoeba responsible for the gastrointestinal disease amebic dysentery. While E. histolytica is found in the environment as both an active trophozoite and as an inactive cyst, virtually all cases of amebic dysentery can be traced to infection with the cyst form of the organism. Speculate on why the active form of the pathogen causes far fewer cases of disease. Solution Mature cysts are more resistant to atmosphere as well as for antibiotics and Immune system than mature organism, upon ingestion of active form of organism which gets killed while if mature cyst enters the human body it remains as it is and later it develops to an active organism which can cause actual disease..

Entamoeba histolytica is an amoeba responsible for the gastrointestin.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Describe briefly each mouth part of the grasshopper. b. Describe how each of the following mouth parts of the moth, flesh fly. and mosquito have been modified in comparison to the grasshopper. Vocabulary used in drawings: lbr = labrum lbm = labium md = mandible mx = maxillae hyp = hypopharyn p = palp: mxp = maxillary palp lbp = labial palp fc = food channel sc = salivary channel clp = lower part of the head capsule (not a mouth part) Parts of labium: bk, hst, lbl Solution Answer: 2a)Mouthparts of grass hoper: 1)Mandibles:A grasshoper has a pair of mandibles on each side of head. the mandibles are the largest and most robust mouthparts of a chewing insect, and it uses them to cut, tear, crush, chew food items. Two sets of muscles move the mandibles in the coronal plane abductor muscles move insects mandibles apart adductor muscles bring them together . This they do mainly in opening and closing their jaws in feeding, but also useful the mandibles as tools, or possibly help in fighting .The mandibles are caudal to the labrum and anterior to the maxillae. 2)LABRUM: A simple plate-like sclerite that serves as a front lip to help contain the food.it is broad ,roughly rectangular shaped. 3)MAXILLAE:—pair of structures lying outside and behind the mandibles. Each of them consist of 5-segmented sensory maxillary palp in addition to other parts. The maxillae are used to manipulate the food before it enters the mouth. paired appendages with the following parts: Forms the broad median lower lip consisting of several parts in addition to a pair of 3-segmented labial palps on either side. The mandibles and the maxillae grind the food by moving it laterally. 5)HYPOPHARYNX: a tongue-like process that helps mix food and saliva.it is found attached to the labrum.The hypopharynx is a somewhat globular structure, located medially to the mandibles and the maxillae. it is membranous and associated with salivary glands. It assists in swallowing the food.....

Describe briefly each mouth part of the grasshopper. b. Describe how.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Contrast the views of Piaget and Bandura on how children develop. Solution Piaget\'s theory of child - cognitive development: According to Piaget, cognitive reversibility is a tangible operation state in which children initially habituate and gain knowledge to understand the things how it works and alter they gain knowledge to return to their original state. Paiget illustrated children’s cognitive development in four stages They are 1. Sensory motor stage 2. Pre-operational stage (2 to7 years of old) 3. Concrete operational (children of 7 to 11 years old) 4. Formal operations (11 to 16 years adolescence stage) Preoperational stage defined as the stage at which children mainly habituate and gain knowledge to speak at the age of 2 to 7 years. In this stage child develops to use symbols initially and finally form enduring and manipulating symbols. In this stage, children do not develop logical thinking or reasoning. In concrete operational stage, children often develop logical thinking and efficient cognitive abilities. Preoperational stage includes the following stages of features such as a. animism; b. artificialism c. transductive reasoning. According Piaget conservation has illustrated as the process in which children at the age of 2 to seven are unable to think logically. But their logical thinking starts at the age of seven to eleven years. The formal operational stage starts after 11 years in which children often learn about mathematical models and apply them to solve a variety of problems. According to Bandura, children learning perspective is mainly associated with anticipated outcomes based on observational learning where environmental cues has specific impact on them. Behavioral cognitive theory: According to Bandura, behavior is resultant response due to complex interplay between environmental cues & inner processes in any species finally attain empirical validity. As per cognitive theories behavioral concern always involves a variety of environmental stimulus and concerned response, it could be voluntary response or reflexive response. These responses are associated with cues. This behavior is mainly based on external rewards through cortico-striatal pathway..

Contrast the views of Piaget and Bandura on how children develop..pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Compute the probability of event E if the odds in favor of E are 3/19 14/27 6/11 11/7 P(E) = (Type the probability as a fraction. Simplify your answer) Solution (A) Given odds in the favour of event E are 3/19 Therefore, probability = 3/(3+19) = 3/22 (B) Given odds in favour of event E are 14/27. Therefore, probability = 14/(14+27) = 14/41 (c) Given odds in favour of event E are 6/11. Therefore, probability = 6/(6+11) = 6/17 (d) Given odds in favour of event E are 11/7. Therefore, probability =11/(11+7) = 11/18.

Compute the probability of event E if the odds in favor of E are 31.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Compare and contrast the world population with that of the United States. Is the United States becoming a larger or a smaller part of the world\'s population? Solution According to the results of the 2015 Revision, the world population reached 7.3 billion as of mid- 2015 (table 1), implying that the world has added approximately one billion people in the span of the last twelve years. Sixty per cent of the global population lives in Asia (4.4 billion), 16 per cent in Africa (1.2 billion), 10 per cent in Europe (738 million), 9 per cent in Latin America and the Caribbean (634 million), and the remaining 5 per cent in Northern America (358 million) and Oceania (39 million). China (1.4 billion) and India (1.3 billion) remain the two largest countries of the world, both with more than 1 billion people, representing 19 and 18 per cent of the world’s population, respectively. It is becoming larger part of worlds population. In 2013 its was 4.42% of worlds population..

Compare and contrast the world population with that of the United St.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

8. What protocol is are layers 6 and 7 of the OSI model based on? 1. TCP/IP 2. IPsec 3. FTP 4. PPTP 9. Which network services provides the mapping and translation of domain names to IP addresses? 1. HTTP 2. DHCP 3. DNS 4. FTP 10. With a proxy server enabled on a firewall, the firewall stores web pages where? 1. Local usb drive 2. RAM 3. Local hard drive 4. FTP server 11 The ________ provides definitions for seen layers, which each layer provides services that depend on higher level layers depend on. 2. TCP 3. FTP 4. OSI 5. DNS 12. Which of the ways listed below can firewall security be completely bypassed? (Multiple answers) 1. HTTP sites are never secure 2. E-mail is never secure 3. A computer not owned by the enterprise should never be connected to the enterprise 4. Files from home computers and files from office computers should never commingle. Solution Osi model 6 and 7 layer consist of FTP as the 7 th layer is application layer.This layer is used to access network services. It is useful for remote file sharing. remote printer access etc..

8. What protocol is are layers 6 and 7 of the OSI model based on.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Which statement is true of serous membranes?A) They line closed cavities such as the pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial cavities.B) They are dry and form the epithelia of the skin.C) They cover small areas within the body.D) Their openings are made of stratified squamous epithelial tissue.E) They secrete mucus. Solution A,C and E statements are correct. They are not dry and will not form epithelia of skin. They secrete mucous like substance. They are not made of compound epithelium.they are made of simple epithelium..

Which statement is true of serous membranesA) They line closed cavi.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Which of the following is not included in the calculation of the VIX .pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

What is an Accountable Care Organizations (ACO)? How does an ACO\'s economics work to manage costs and quality? Solution Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) are groups of doctors, hospitals, and other health care providers, who come together voluntarily to give coordinated high quality care to their Medicare patients. An accountable care organization (ACO) is a healthcare organization characterized by a payment and care delivery model that seeks to tie provider reimbursements to quality metrics and reductions in the total cost of care for an assigned population of patients. A group of coordinated health care providers forms an ACO, which then provides care to a group of patients. The ACO may use a range of payment models (capitation, fee-for-service with asymmetric or symmetric shared savings, etc.). The ACO is accountable to the patients and the third-party payer for the quality, appropriateness and efficiency of the health care provided. According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), an ACO is \"an organization of health care providers that agrees to be accountable for the quality, cost, and overall care of Medicare beneficiaries who are enrolled in the traditional fee-for-service program who are assigned to it. Design and Structure There is no single organizational model for developing an ACO. ACOs may be formed and organized by health systems using employed and contracted physicians, by integrated delivery systems, by physician groups (either primary care or multispecialty) or through joint ventures or contractual relationships among providers. Regardless of the organizational structure, an ACO must be physician-led and physician-driven. Physician leadership is critical because an ACO is primarily a vehicle for clinical integration, not financial or risk integration. Only physicians are able to develop, monitor and adjust clinical care protocols that can more efficiently use resources based on documented effectiveness. Qualifying ACOs will be assigned a pool of patients whose care the ACO will be responsible for managing in a cost-effective and clinically appropriate manner. The ACO will need to develop internal mechanisms for monitoring and managing costs and quality that cut across traditional reporting lines and result in a higher degree of clinical interdependence than is typical in a less- integrated medical community. The PPACA states that any of the following groups of providers of services and suppliers that have established a mechanism for shared governance are eligible to participate, in accordance with regulations to be developed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS): ACOs Under Health Reform Section 3022 of PPACA requires HHS to establish a shared savings program under which qualifying ACOs may be eligible for incentive payments. The criteria in the statute, which will need to be further defined by regulation, include: ACOs will be required to measure and report their progress to HHS, includ.

What is an Accountable Care Organizations (ACO) How does an ACOs .pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

True or false: A selective force (such as antibiotics) must be present for DNA mutations to occur. Solution Answer: False Reason: Selective forces are not going to exert any impact on the alterations of genome mainly via causing DNA mutations. For example, antibiotics are going to cause change in the RNA structure or change in enzyme moieties inside the cells of microbial species result in inhibition of growth without causing damage or random change (mutation) in the DNA. Natural selection always trying to eliminate any deleterious alleles in the host cells but do not cause any selective DNA mutation when taking antibiotics.

True or false A selective force (such as antibiotics) must be prese.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

The receptors in the feedback loop regulating ADH secretion are osmor.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

The UV spectrum of the hot B0V star is significantly below the continuum level due to a large number of absorption lines caused by highly ionized heavy elements. Can you explain why the B0V star, rather than the cooler stars, has all those lines? http://i67.tinypic.com/2u9hn2v.jpg Solution In B0V stars have these emission and absorption lines due to radiative recombination between Hydrogen and Helium ions with electrons and other excitd metal ions present withine the star. Hot and young stars are able to ionize the gas around them which then produces emission spectra. This region is known as H|| region. This occurs only around hot stars as UV photons are required to ionize hydrogen atoms..

The UV spectrum of the hot B0V star is significantly below the conti.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Q2 For any drosophila population, what is the proportion of live ho.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Prove asymptotic upper and lower hounds for each of the following specified otherwise, assume that in each case, T(n) = 1 (or any small constant) for small value You may assume that n = c^k for some constant c that you choose. Make your bounds as tight as (No need to specify the origin of your guess.) T(n0 = 8T(n/3) + n^1.83838383... T(n) = T(n - 1) = 1/n T(n) = 16T(n/2) + (n log n)^4. T(n) = 2T(n/2) + n/lg n. T(n) = T(n - 1) + T(n - 2) + 1 with base case of T(1) = 1 and T(2) = 2 Solution A statement are often outlined as a declaratory sentence, or a part of a sentence, that\'s capable of getting a truth-value, like being true or false. So, as an example, the subsequent area unit statements: George W. Bush is that the forty third President of the us. Paris is that the capital of France. Everyone born on Monday has purple hair. Sometimes, a press release will contain one or a lot of alternative statements as elements. contemplate as an example, the subsequent statement: Either Ganymede may be a moon of Jupiter or Ganymede may be a moon of Saturn. While the on top of sentence is itself a press release, as a result of it\'s true, the 2 elements, \"Ganymede may be a moon of Jupiter\" and \"Ganymede may be a moon of Saturn\", area unit themselves statements, as a result of the primary is true and therefore the second is fake. The term proposition is typically used synonymously with statement. However, it\'s typically accustomed name one thing abstract that 2 totally different statements with an equivalent which means area unit each aforementioned to \"express\". during this usage, nation sentence, \"It is raining\", and therefore the French sentence \"Il pleut\", would be thought-about to specific an equivalent proposition; equally, the 2 English sentences, \"Callisto orbits Jupiter\" and \"Jupiter is orbitted by Callisto\" would even be thought-about to specific an equivalent proposition. However, the character or existence of propositions as abstract meanings continues to be a matter of philosophical dispute, and for the needs of this text, the phrases \"statement\" and \"proposition\" area unit used interchangeably. Propositional logic, conjointly referred to as linguistic string logic, is that branch of logic that studies ways that of mixing or neutering statements or propositions to create a lot of difficult statements or propositions. change of integrity 2 easier propositions with the word \"and\" is one common approach of mixing statements. once 2 statements area unit joined along side \"and\", the advanced statement fashioned by them is true if and as long as each the element statements area unit true. owing to this, associate argument of the subsequent kind is logically valid: Paris is that the capital of France and Paris contains a population of over 2 million. Therefore, Paris contains a population of over 2 million. Propositional logic for the most part involves learning logical connectives like the words \"and\" and \"or\" and therefo.

Prove asymptotic upper and lower hounds for each of the following sp.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

pls show details.thx 1. Consider the vectors v1 (a Find the projecti.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Please create an infographic for medical fraud! Thank you so much! Please create an infographic for medical fraud! Thank you so much! Solution causing unintended injury or illness. Duplicate medical records and overlays can also lead to reimbursement losses, reductions in medical data integrity, administrative inefficiencies, resource drains, liability concerns, and perhaps most significantly, compromised care delivery and threats to patient safety. Adding fuel to the fire, the biggest threat to the creation of duplicates and overlays in healthcare is when a hospital adopts an electronic health record system (EHR) and these numbers threaten to grow exponentially as hospitals share more information through Integrated Delivery Networks (IDNs) and Health Information Exchanges (HIEs). The continued threat that duplicate medical records and overlays place on patient safety and hospital liability causes unintended injuries and illnesses from patient data matching errors. Despite the absence of patient identification industry standards and a lack of national leadership on mandating unique patient identifiers, the healthcare industry is increasingly deploying modernized patient identification technologies that are drastically reducing the number of duplicate medical records and overlays to help secure patient safety, reduce the overall cost of care delivery, and improve medical data integrity Technologies such as iris biometrics for patient identification and smart cards are rising stars of securing patient data matching accuracy and provide healthcare providers with competitive advantages to help stop duplicate medical records and overlays. This Infographic on the effect that duplicate medical records and overlays have on the healthcare industry is a stark reminder that this problem still persists and negatively impacts patient safety, medical data integrity, and the cost of care delivery but modern patient data matching tools are available to help prevent their creation and keep patients safe..

Please create an infographic for medical fraud! Thank you so much.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

Internet Programming. For event-driven architecture, how does polling work? Solution Answer:- Event-driven Architecture : The service-oriented architecture (SOA), combining the intelligence and proactiveness of event- driven architecture with the organizational capabilities found in service offerings. Before event-driven SOA, the typical SOA platform orchestrated services centrally, through pre- defined business processes, assuming that what should have already been triggered is defined in a business process. This older approach does not account for events that occur across, or outside of, specific business processes. Prototypical Service-oriented Architecture : The prototypical service-oriented architecture paradigm contains four essential elements: 1) multiple low-level system events that, separately do not appear to have any relationship but through pattern detection by comparing these many events some unusual or less obvious correlation becomes clear. 2) some amount of data enrichment by infusion of related information to each event to more clearly illustrate how the many events are related. 3) a trigger condition which when not met, the business-level event is not created, but when the trigger condition is met, the higher-level business event is created. 4) some human or automated process that is invoked when the trigger event is reached. Multiple low-level system events: 1) The human intelligence processes and gathers these relationships faster than current artificial computational capability 2) The engine uses preponderant causal vector rate-of-change propagation to code the relationship among the events and establishes a partial order in which it validates the causality perceived between multiple occurrences. 3) Multiple low-level system events are processed by the Causal Vector Engine and compared against these rules to trigger higher-level Business Events 4) a Service Component Architecture (SCA). Like any SCA component, the program accesses a mediation flow through exports that it provides, and the mediation flow forwards messages to other external services via imports. 5) Once the developers have coded the custom binding for both export and import, they can start to focus on the mediation flow component. 6) In the WebSphere Integration Developer assembly editor, this is done by the JMS Custom Binding Mediation Component where each operation on the flow component\'s interface is represented by a request and a response . 7) Service Data Objects (SDO) framework provides a unified framework for data application development. With SDO, developers do not need to be familiar with any specific API in order to access and utilize data. Business-level trigger condition : A business-level trigger condition enables the service-oriented architecture, architecture to establish real-time customer intelligence, marketing automation and customer loyalty solutions, among other features..

Internet Programming. For event-driven architecture, how does pollin.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

\"PCAOB\" Please respond to the following: Go to the PCAOB Website. Next, analyze the role of the PCAOB to protect the public. Based on your analysis, give your opinion as to whether you believe they possess enough of the requisite power to be effective in accomplishing their mission. Provide support for your opinion. Solution The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board is a nonprofit corporation set up to protect investors and the public interest by providing informative, accurate, and independent audit reports and to oversee the audits of public companies and broker-dealers. ROLE OF PCAOB 1.It explore ways to improve its audit requirements and their implementation by audit firms, while preserving the intended benefits. 2. It helps to inform a current standards setting project dealing with firms’ systems of quality controls. 3. helps in setting standard for the project on the supervision of other auditors that strengthen the standards in that area. 4.looks after auditing requirements that will aid users and investors of financial statements to make informed decisions and assist in restoring the confidence 5.The ultimate mission of PCAOB is to protect public interest and to protect investors by overseeing whether set out norms are being adhered to or not. OPINION There has been a period of extreme economic stress, triggered and then compounded by a meltdown of financial system.PCAOB shall succeed in meeting its goal by Improving the transparency of the financial condition of registered accounting firms .Another way to enhance transparency is to improve the reporting model for financial statements which would contribute to the investor’s understanding of the financial statements and the audit process..

PCAOB Please respond to the followingGo to the PCAOB Website..pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

pleaase I want manual solution for Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++, Third Edition By Clifford A. Shaffer because my question from this book.page270 ,question 7.4 The implementation for Mergesort given in Section 7.4 takes an array as input and sorts that array. At the beginning of Section 7.4 there is a simple pseudocode implementation for sorting a linked list using Mergesort. Implement both a linked list-based version of Mergesort and the array-based version of Mergesort, and compare and analyze their running times. Solution Linked list: #include #include struct node { int data; struct node* next; }; struct node* SortedMerge(struct node* a, struct node* b); void FrontBackSplit(struct node* source, struct node** frontRef, struct node** backRef); void MergeSort(struct node** headRef) { struct node* head = *headRef; struct node* a; struct node* b; if ((head == NULL) || (head->next == NULL)) { return; } FrontBackSplit(head, &a, &b); MergeSort(&a); MergeSort(&b); *headRef = SortedMerge(a, b); } struct node* SortedMerge(struct node* a, struct node* b) { struct node* result = NULL; if (a == NULL) return(b); else if (b==NULL) return(a); if (a->data <= b->data) { result = a; result->next = SortedMerge(a->next, b); } else { result = b; result->next = SortedMerge(a, b->next); } return(result); } void FrontBackSplit(struct node* source, struct node** frontRef, struct node** backRef) { struct node* fast; struct node* slow; if (source==NULL || source->next==NULL) { *frontRef = source; *backRef = NULL; } else { slow = source; fast = source->next; while (fast != NULL) { fast = fast->next; if (fast != NULL) { slow = slow->next; fast = fast->next; } } *frontRef = source; *backRef = slow->next; slow->next = NULL; } } void printList(struct node *node) { while(node!=NULL) { printf(\"%d \", node->data); node = node->next; } } void push(struct node** head_ref, int new_data) { struct node* new_node = (struct node*) malloc(sizeof(struct node)); new_node->data = new_data; new_node->next = (*head_ref); (*head_ref) = new_node; } int main() { struct node* res = NULL; struct node* a = NULL; push(&a, 15); push(&a, 10); push(&a, 5); push(&a, 20); push(&a, 3); push(&a, 2); MergeSort(&a); printf(\"\ Sorted Linked List is: \ \"); printList(a); getchar(); return 0; } Time complexity:o(nlogn) Array : #include #include void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r) { int i, j, k; int n1 = m - l + 1; int n2 = r - m; int L[n1], R[n2]; for (i = 0; i < n1; i++) L[i] = arr[l + i]; for (j = 0; j < n2; j++) R[j] = arr[m + 1+ j]; i = 0; // Initial index of first subarray j = 0; k = l; while (i < n1 && j < n2) { if (L[i] <= R[j]) { arr[k] = L[i]; i++; } else { arr[k] = R[j]; j++; } k++; } while (i < n1) { arr[k] = L[i]; i++; k++; } while (j < n2) { arr[k] = R[j]; j++; k++; } } void mergeSort(int arr[], int l, int r) { if (l < r) { int m = l+(r-l)/2; // Sort first and second halves mergeSort(arr, l, m); mergeSort(arr, m+1, r); merge(arr, l, m, r); } } void printArray(int A[], i.

pleaase I want manual solution forData Structures and Algorithm An.pdf

wasemanivytreenrco51

More from wasemanivytreenrco51 (20)