Experimental investigation of flow condensation in 'v' shaped minichanneleSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The Effect of insertion of different geometries on heat transfer performance ...IJMER
Abstract: Under turbulent flow conditions, the increase in heat transfer rate is more significant than that under laminar flow conditions. The turbulent effects become a dominant factor over secondary flow at higher Reynolds number. The turbulent flow can be produced by inserting different geometries in the circular pipe. This study focuses on the various methods or geometries used to produce turbulent geometries and its effect on the heat transfer. The turbulent generators with different geometrical
configurations have been used as one of the passive heat transfer enhancement techniques and are the most widely used in tubes in several heat transfer applications. Insertion of such geometries may lead to increase the friction factor and pressure drop which directly enhances the heat transfer characteristics.
HEAT TRANSFER AUGMENTATION IN STEEL QUENCHING BY SPRAY IMPINGEMENT COOLING ME...BIBHUTI BHUSAN SAMANTARAY
The present article discusses the experimental results on heat transfer characteristics of spray impingement cooling of a stationary steel plate. The eexperimental setup consisted of an electrically heated flat stationary steel plate of dimension 120 mm x 120 mm x 4 mm, spray setup, water supply and air supply unit. The effects of various controlling parameters such as air-water pressures, water flow rate, nozzle tip to target distance and impingement density were determined and analysed. The cooling rates were computed from the time dependent temperature history and used to analyse the parametric effects. The results obtained in the study confirmed the higher efficiency of the spray cooling system and the cooling strategy was found advantageous over the conventional cooling methods available in the open literature.
Experimental investigation of flow condensation in 'v' shaped minichanneleSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The Effect of insertion of different geometries on heat transfer performance ...IJMER
Abstract: Under turbulent flow conditions, the increase in heat transfer rate is more significant than that under laminar flow conditions. The turbulent effects become a dominant factor over secondary flow at higher Reynolds number. The turbulent flow can be produced by inserting different geometries in the circular pipe. This study focuses on the various methods or geometries used to produce turbulent geometries and its effect on the heat transfer. The turbulent generators with different geometrical
configurations have been used as one of the passive heat transfer enhancement techniques and are the most widely used in tubes in several heat transfer applications. Insertion of such geometries may lead to increase the friction factor and pressure drop which directly enhances the heat transfer characteristics.
HEAT TRANSFER AUGMENTATION IN STEEL QUENCHING BY SPRAY IMPINGEMENT COOLING ME...BIBHUTI BHUSAN SAMANTARAY
The present article discusses the experimental results on heat transfer characteristics of spray impingement cooling of a stationary steel plate. The eexperimental setup consisted of an electrically heated flat stationary steel plate of dimension 120 mm x 120 mm x 4 mm, spray setup, water supply and air supply unit. The effects of various controlling parameters such as air-water pressures, water flow rate, nozzle tip to target distance and impingement density were determined and analysed. The cooling rates were computed from the time dependent temperature history and used to analyse the parametric effects. The results obtained in the study confirmed the higher efficiency of the spray cooling system and the cooling strategy was found advantageous over the conventional cooling methods available in the open literature.
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Analytical and Experimental analysis ofthermal characteristics throughTriangu...IJERA Editor
Microscale heat transfer technique is widely intended for best cooling applications in electronic devices as high
heat transfer coefficients are achieved in microscale convection. In present study, analysis of thermal
characteristics has been carried out by analytical calculations along with experimental investigation for a straight
microchannel heat sink of equilateral triangular cross section of 173.21 μm hydraulic diameter with distilled
water as the working fluid. Designed Heater input watts and Reynolds number based on flow rate are varied for
optimized microchannel geometry. Experimental analysis is carried out under constant heat flux condition. The
microchannels are produced on highly accurate micro wire cut EDM. The Reynolds number is varied from 100
to 700. The major intension for this work is to enhance heat transfer coefficient and minimize pressure drop
across microchannel. The Reynolds number, temperature distribution, pressure distribution, heat transfer
coefficient, hydrodynamic entrance length, thermal entrance length, equivalent thermal resistances parameters
are calculated for microchannel heat sink performance analysis. The results of analytical calculations are verified
with experimental investigation. It is found that heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop increases with
increase in Reynolds numbers and decrease in microchannel heat sink hydraulic diameter. Also channel length is
directly proportional to temperature rise
THE EFFECT OF GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS ON HEAT TRANSFER AND HYDRO DYNAMICAL CHA...ijmech
Compact size and high heat transfer coefficient of helical coil heat exchangers causes them to have an
important role in various industrial applications. This paper investigate numerically on the influence of
different parameters such as coil radius, coil pitch and diameter of tube on the hydrodynamic and
heat transfer characteristics of helical double tube heat exchangers using the CFD software which is
based on the principles of heat transfer, fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. The results indicated that
heat transfer augmentation occurs by increasing of the inner Dean Number, inner tube diameter, curvature
ratio and by the reduction of the pitch of heat exchanger coil. By increasing the radius of coils, the
secondary flow effects due to centrifugal forces diminishes and flow of fluid through the coils tends to flow
in a straight path and as a result, the friction coefficient decreases consequently.
HEAT TRANSFER AUGMENTATION OF LAMINAR NANOFLUID FLOW IN HORIZONTAL TUBE INSER...IAEME Publication
In this paper, an experimental study on the heat transfer enhancement and friction factor characteristics for fully developed laminar CuO/distilled-water (DI-water) nanofluid flow through horizontal tube inserted with different geometries of twisted tapes under constant heat flux condition ranged from 4483 to 10000 W/m^2. φ=0.08% and 0.35% volume concentrations of CuO nanoparticles are suspending in distilled water to prepare nanofluid. Twisted types made from copper material with twist ratios Y=2.6 and 5.3 twist ratios, thickness t=1 and 2mm and with semicircular and triangular cuts shape were used to study their effect on twisted tape performance. Results showed that both convective heat transfer in terms of average Nusselt number (Nu) ̅ and friction factor have significantly increasing with inserting twisted tape with nanofluids as working fluid comparing with nanofluids or DI-water in smooth tube case and this enhancement increases as both Reynold number and volume concentration increases.
FLUID FLOW ANALYSIS IN AIR DUCT FLOW WITH AND WITHOUT INTERNAL THREADS USING ...IAEME Publication
Computational heat transfer flow modeling is one of the great challenges in the classical sciences. As with most problems in engineering, the interest in the heat transfer augmentation is increasing due to its extreme importance in various industrial applications. This paper deals with the analysis of heat transfer for fluid flowing through the pipe with and without internal threads using CFD. Using CFD codes for modeling the heat and fluid flow is an efficient tool for predicting equipment performance. CFD offers a convenient means to study the detailed flows and heat exchange processes, which take place inside the tube. Simulations were carried out using commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent version 14.5. Friction factor and Nusselt number for air flowing through the specified tube (internal diameter = 0.005 m, length = 0.1 m) were obtained first for the plain tube and then for the tube with internal threads with pitch 5mm in the Reynolds number range of 2000 to 5000. Finally results will be compared to available experimental and analytical calculations. The data obtained by simulation are matching with the literature value for a plain tube with the discrepancy of less than plus or minus 5% for Nusselt number and for the friction factor.
Enhanced heat transfer for the tube with internal threads has been observed. Heat flux is more uniform all along the tube and decreases uniformly towards the center.
EXPERIMENTATION ON COPPER TUBE WITH INTERNAL THREADING FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER P...Journal For Research
Experimental model has been carried out to study the effect of heat transfer, thermal enhancement factor and friction factor in a smooth copper tube and different test copper tube having internal threads of pitch ( p=3.5mm), with water as a working fluid media. For such experimentation purpose Reynolds number were varied in the range of 4000 to 8000. The copper tube (OD=38mm, ID=25mm, t=6.5mm) was subjected to constant and uniform heat flux. The experimental data obtained from test tube having different surface geometry i.e. by internal threading of different pitch (p=3.5mm) were compared with smooth circular copper tube. The effect of different surface geometry of inside copper tube i.e. by threading with varying pitch on thermal enhancement factor, heat transfer and friction factor were presented. In that experimental we also calculate Nusselt number, Prandtl number, pitch like heat transfer parameter. The heat transfer rate for copper tubes having internal threads was found to be much higher than smooth circular copper tube for a given value Reynolds number. So simply by changing the internal surface geometry the performance of circular section copper tube is improved.
Effect of pitch on heat transfer characteristics of helical coils to be used ...eSAT Journals
Abstract Maintaining temperature and eliminating loss from anaerobic reactor highly improve the production of biogas .To achieve the required temperature inside the reactor supplying hot fluid externally using helical coil heat exchanger is required. Helical coil heat exchangers are widely used in industrial applications because they are more efficient as compared to straight tube type heat exchangers. This paper deals with the effect of pitch variation on the heat transfer characteristics (convective heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt number dean number heat removal rate etc.) of helical coil heat exchangers that can be used for supplying hot fluid to maintain the temperature of the reactor to achieve high biogas production. ANSYS 14.5 was used for the numerical investigation and the present study is done for three different coils of two turns having the same cross section and coil diameter but each coil having a different pitch. Modeling of the study was carried out based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer and implementing the necessary boundary conditions. The results indicate that the heat transfer enhances with increasing pitch of the helical coil but with an increased pressure drop. Keywords—Biogas, Helical coil heat exchanger, Pitch, Heat transfer characteristic
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
CFD Analysis of Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger Using Twisted TapesIJARIIT
In this paper, the three dimensional CFD modeling studies on heat transfer, friction factor and thermal performance
of concentric tube heat exchanger using twisted tapes (Plain, V-cut, , Jagged V-cut) with different twist ratios (y=2.0, 4.0) are
used. Twisted tapes are used to augment the heat transfer by creating turbulence in the fluid flow. Various methods are applied
to increase thermal performance of heat transfer devices such as treated surfaces, rough surfaces, swirling flow devices, coiled
tubes, and surface tension devices. Out of these twisted tape method is used to increase the thermal performance. Twisted tape
inserts on effectiveness of heat exchanger has analyzed for different Reynolds Number. The maximum thermal performance
factor was obtained by the Jagged V-cut twisted tape (H=50) insert compare to other twisted tapes. Simultaneously the friction
factor has been analyzed
An experimental study of heat transfer in plane circular tube fitted with the V-Shaped Aluminum
turbulators is performed for plane circular tube. The objective of this Project work is to analyses heat transfer
coefficient and friction characteristics in a plane circular tube fitted with the V-Shaped Aluminum turbulators.
The experimentations are firstly carried out on the plane circular pipe and heat transfer augmentation were
recorded and then the v-shaped Aluminum turbulators are fitted in the same plane pipe and then again the heat
transfer augmentation is recorded and then both of them is compared. Experimental investigations have been
carried out to study the effects of the V-Shaped Aluminum turbulators on heat transfer, friction and
enhancement efficiency, in a circular tube. We used the V-Shaped aluminum turbulators with the turbulator
element length of 200mm, 160mm and 120mm.We found the heat transfer argumentation.The mean heat
transfer rates obtained from using the V-Aluminum turbulators are 198%, 213% and 241% for turbulator
element Length of 200mm, 160mm and 120 mm respectively. All of the experiments are carried out at the
same inlet conditions with the Reynolds number, based on the tube diameter (Re), in a range of 3000 to
10000
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Zircon (ZrSiO4) is found usually as a constituent in heavy mineral sand assemblages which
include ilmenite, rutile, leucoxene, monazite and garnet in varying proportions. Investigations are
carried out on the zircons recovered as a non magnetic and non conducting heavy mineral from the
entire process for effective utilization. Recovered zircons are used for making zircon bricks and are
fired at different temperatures in an industrial tunnel kiln. Physical, chemical and thermo-mechanical
properties are evaluated. Mineralogical properties are correlated with the thermo-mechanical
properties. The developed bricks are compared with the standards for their suitability in industrial
applications.
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Analytical and Experimental analysis ofthermal characteristics throughTriangu...IJERA Editor
Microscale heat transfer technique is widely intended for best cooling applications in electronic devices as high
heat transfer coefficients are achieved in microscale convection. In present study, analysis of thermal
characteristics has been carried out by analytical calculations along with experimental investigation for a straight
microchannel heat sink of equilateral triangular cross section of 173.21 μm hydraulic diameter with distilled
water as the working fluid. Designed Heater input watts and Reynolds number based on flow rate are varied for
optimized microchannel geometry. Experimental analysis is carried out under constant heat flux condition. The
microchannels are produced on highly accurate micro wire cut EDM. The Reynolds number is varied from 100
to 700. The major intension for this work is to enhance heat transfer coefficient and minimize pressure drop
across microchannel. The Reynolds number, temperature distribution, pressure distribution, heat transfer
coefficient, hydrodynamic entrance length, thermal entrance length, equivalent thermal resistances parameters
are calculated for microchannel heat sink performance analysis. The results of analytical calculations are verified
with experimental investigation. It is found that heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop increases with
increase in Reynolds numbers and decrease in microchannel heat sink hydraulic diameter. Also channel length is
directly proportional to temperature rise
THE EFFECT OF GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS ON HEAT TRANSFER AND HYDRO DYNAMICAL CHA...ijmech
Compact size and high heat transfer coefficient of helical coil heat exchangers causes them to have an
important role in various industrial applications. This paper investigate numerically on the influence of
different parameters such as coil radius, coil pitch and diameter of tube on the hydrodynamic and
heat transfer characteristics of helical double tube heat exchangers using the CFD software which is
based on the principles of heat transfer, fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. The results indicated that
heat transfer augmentation occurs by increasing of the inner Dean Number, inner tube diameter, curvature
ratio and by the reduction of the pitch of heat exchanger coil. By increasing the radius of coils, the
secondary flow effects due to centrifugal forces diminishes and flow of fluid through the coils tends to flow
in a straight path and as a result, the friction coefficient decreases consequently.
HEAT TRANSFER AUGMENTATION OF LAMINAR NANOFLUID FLOW IN HORIZONTAL TUBE INSER...IAEME Publication
In this paper, an experimental study on the heat transfer enhancement and friction factor characteristics for fully developed laminar CuO/distilled-water (DI-water) nanofluid flow through horizontal tube inserted with different geometries of twisted tapes under constant heat flux condition ranged from 4483 to 10000 W/m^2. φ=0.08% and 0.35% volume concentrations of CuO nanoparticles are suspending in distilled water to prepare nanofluid. Twisted types made from copper material with twist ratios Y=2.6 and 5.3 twist ratios, thickness t=1 and 2mm and with semicircular and triangular cuts shape were used to study their effect on twisted tape performance. Results showed that both convective heat transfer in terms of average Nusselt number (Nu) ̅ and friction factor have significantly increasing with inserting twisted tape with nanofluids as working fluid comparing with nanofluids or DI-water in smooth tube case and this enhancement increases as both Reynold number and volume concentration increases.
FLUID FLOW ANALYSIS IN AIR DUCT FLOW WITH AND WITHOUT INTERNAL THREADS USING ...IAEME Publication
Computational heat transfer flow modeling is one of the great challenges in the classical sciences. As with most problems in engineering, the interest in the heat transfer augmentation is increasing due to its extreme importance in various industrial applications. This paper deals with the analysis of heat transfer for fluid flowing through the pipe with and without internal threads using CFD. Using CFD codes for modeling the heat and fluid flow is an efficient tool for predicting equipment performance. CFD offers a convenient means to study the detailed flows and heat exchange processes, which take place inside the tube. Simulations were carried out using commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent version 14.5. Friction factor and Nusselt number for air flowing through the specified tube (internal diameter = 0.005 m, length = 0.1 m) were obtained first for the plain tube and then for the tube with internal threads with pitch 5mm in the Reynolds number range of 2000 to 5000. Finally results will be compared to available experimental and analytical calculations. The data obtained by simulation are matching with the literature value for a plain tube with the discrepancy of less than plus or minus 5% for Nusselt number and for the friction factor.
Enhanced heat transfer for the tube with internal threads has been observed. Heat flux is more uniform all along the tube and decreases uniformly towards the center.
EXPERIMENTATION ON COPPER TUBE WITH INTERNAL THREADING FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER P...Journal For Research
Experimental model has been carried out to study the effect of heat transfer, thermal enhancement factor and friction factor in a smooth copper tube and different test copper tube having internal threads of pitch ( p=3.5mm), with water as a working fluid media. For such experimentation purpose Reynolds number were varied in the range of 4000 to 8000. The copper tube (OD=38mm, ID=25mm, t=6.5mm) was subjected to constant and uniform heat flux. The experimental data obtained from test tube having different surface geometry i.e. by internal threading of different pitch (p=3.5mm) were compared with smooth circular copper tube. The effect of different surface geometry of inside copper tube i.e. by threading with varying pitch on thermal enhancement factor, heat transfer and friction factor were presented. In that experimental we also calculate Nusselt number, Prandtl number, pitch like heat transfer parameter. The heat transfer rate for copper tubes having internal threads was found to be much higher than smooth circular copper tube for a given value Reynolds number. So simply by changing the internal surface geometry the performance of circular section copper tube is improved.
Effect of pitch on heat transfer characteristics of helical coils to be used ...eSAT Journals
Abstract Maintaining temperature and eliminating loss from anaerobic reactor highly improve the production of biogas .To achieve the required temperature inside the reactor supplying hot fluid externally using helical coil heat exchanger is required. Helical coil heat exchangers are widely used in industrial applications because they are more efficient as compared to straight tube type heat exchangers. This paper deals with the effect of pitch variation on the heat transfer characteristics (convective heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt number dean number heat removal rate etc.) of helical coil heat exchangers that can be used for supplying hot fluid to maintain the temperature of the reactor to achieve high biogas production. ANSYS 14.5 was used for the numerical investigation and the present study is done for three different coils of two turns having the same cross section and coil diameter but each coil having a different pitch. Modeling of the study was carried out based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer and implementing the necessary boundary conditions. The results indicate that the heat transfer enhances with increasing pitch of the helical coil but with an increased pressure drop. Keywords—Biogas, Helical coil heat exchanger, Pitch, Heat transfer characteristic
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
CFD Analysis of Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger Using Twisted TapesIJARIIT
In this paper, the three dimensional CFD modeling studies on heat transfer, friction factor and thermal performance
of concentric tube heat exchanger using twisted tapes (Plain, V-cut, , Jagged V-cut) with different twist ratios (y=2.0, 4.0) are
used. Twisted tapes are used to augment the heat transfer by creating turbulence in the fluid flow. Various methods are applied
to increase thermal performance of heat transfer devices such as treated surfaces, rough surfaces, swirling flow devices, coiled
tubes, and surface tension devices. Out of these twisted tape method is used to increase the thermal performance. Twisted tape
inserts on effectiveness of heat exchanger has analyzed for different Reynolds Number. The maximum thermal performance
factor was obtained by the Jagged V-cut twisted tape (H=50) insert compare to other twisted tapes. Simultaneously the friction
factor has been analyzed
An experimental study of heat transfer in plane circular tube fitted with the V-Shaped Aluminum
turbulators is performed for plane circular tube. The objective of this Project work is to analyses heat transfer
coefficient and friction characteristics in a plane circular tube fitted with the V-Shaped Aluminum turbulators.
The experimentations are firstly carried out on the plane circular pipe and heat transfer augmentation were
recorded and then the v-shaped Aluminum turbulators are fitted in the same plane pipe and then again the heat
transfer augmentation is recorded and then both of them is compared. Experimental investigations have been
carried out to study the effects of the V-Shaped Aluminum turbulators on heat transfer, friction and
enhancement efficiency, in a circular tube. We used the V-Shaped aluminum turbulators with the turbulator
element length of 200mm, 160mm and 120mm.We found the heat transfer argumentation.The mean heat
transfer rates obtained from using the V-Aluminum turbulators are 198%, 213% and 241% for turbulator
element Length of 200mm, 160mm and 120 mm respectively. All of the experiments are carried out at the
same inlet conditions with the Reynolds number, based on the tube diameter (Re), in a range of 3000 to
10000
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Zircon (ZrSiO4) is found usually as a constituent in heavy mineral sand assemblages which
include ilmenite, rutile, leucoxene, monazite and garnet in varying proportions. Investigations are
carried out on the zircons recovered as a non magnetic and non conducting heavy mineral from the
entire process for effective utilization. Recovered zircons are used for making zircon bricks and are
fired at different temperatures in an industrial tunnel kiln. Physical, chemical and thermo-mechanical
properties are evaluated. Mineralogical properties are correlated with the thermo-mechanical
properties. The developed bricks are compared with the standards for their suitability in industrial
applications.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FLOW CONDENSATION HEAT TRANSFER IN RECTANGULAR ...IAEME Publication
Condensation heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops in horizontal rectangular minichannel was measured using the specially designed aluminium test section with hydraulic diameter of 2mm. The data are reported for steam is a
refrigerant and water as a coolant. The experimental investigation was carried out mass flux range of 88.89 kg/m2
s to 177.78 kg/m2 s, vapour quality ranges from 20-80% and a saturation temperature of 100°C.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
ENHANCEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER IN SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER WITH TABULATOR ...IAEME Publication
The present work reported the use of variant twisted tapes fitted in a double pipe heat exchanger to improve the fluid mixing that leads to higher heat transfer rate with respect to that of the plain-twisted tape. Heat transfer, flow friction and thermal enhancement factor characteristics in a double pipe heat exchanger fitted with plain and variant twisted tapes using water as working fluid are investigated experimentally. Tests are performed for laminar flow ranges. The experimental data for a plain tube and plain-twisted tapes are validated using the standard correlations available in the literature. Two different variant twisted tapes which include V cut-twisted tape and Horizontal wing cut-twisted tape with twist ratios of y = 2.0, 4.4 and 6.0 are used. In addition, the variation of heat transfer coefficient of copper–nanofluids with different of Reynold's number and volume concentration of nanoparticles in plain tube without twisted tape.
Numerical Investigation of Boiler Tubes for Performance of Heat Transfer Enha...IJERA Editor
The convective heat transfer of flow in corrugated channels has been investigated using a commercial CFD tool. Heat transfer enhancement of corrugated tube was mainly taken into consideration. Performance of corrugated geometry of the tube was studied by varying its influencing geometrical parameters like number of rifling, height of rifling, length of pitch of rifling for a particular length. The effects of the different geometry of the corrugation, such as circular, rectangular and triangular geometry and heat transfer were determined for flow through tube heat exchanger. The change in corrugation shape gave substantial change in heat transfer rate. The result reveals the effect on corrugation effect on heat transfer rate. The result shows that the heat transfer increased when compared with existing inner plan wall water tube
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
THERMO HYDRAULICS PERFORMANCE OF TURBULENT FLOW HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH SQUARE ...IAEME Publication
This paper describes the experimental study of square ducts with inserts. Experiments are conducted for air with uniform heat flux condition. The top wall surface is made rough with metal ribs of square section. The roughened wall is uniformly heated and other walls are insulated. The heat transfer coefficient enhances square channel at injection of different inserts. The performance of the geometry under investigation has been evaluated .The heat transfer coefficient of air is increase by 46% than plane square ducts with inserts. The heat transfer and pressure drop measurements have been taken in separate sections .
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF LAMINAR NANOFLUID FLOW IN MICRO CHANNEL HEAT SINKS IAEME Publication
The effect of using nanofluids on heat transfer and aerodynamics characteristics in rectangular shaped micro channel heat sink (MCHS) is numerically investigated for Reynolds number range of (100-400 ) and different value of heat flux (50 , 100, 150 ) / . In this study,the MCHS performance using tow type of nanofluid with volume
fraction 10% was used as a coolant is examined. The three-dimensional steady, laminar flow and heat transfer governing equations are solved using The computational fluid dynamics code (FLUENT). The MCHS performance is evaluated in terms of temperature profile, heat transfer,velocity profile, pressure drop and friction factor.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER USING CUO/WATER NANO-FL...IAEME Publication
Heat transfer enhancement using nano-fluids has gained significant attention over the past few years. Nano-fluids are potentially applicable as alternative coolants for many areas such as electronics, automotive, air conditioning, power generation and nuclear applications. Several published researches have concluded that the use of nano-fluid effectively improved the fluid thermal conductivity which consequently enhanced heat transfer performance.
A Detailed Review on Artificial Roughness Geometries for Optimizing Thermo-Hy...IJMER
It is well known fact that the heat transfer coefficient between the absorber surface of solar air collector & flowing fluid i.e. air can be improved by providing artificial roughness geometry on heat transfer surface (absorber surface).In this way the Thermal efficiency is increased. But at the same time due to roughness geometry pumping power of solar air collector in increased due to fictional losses in duct. So it necessary to examine the shape, size & flow pattern of various roughness elements to get maximum efficiency with minimum frictional losses. Therefore the selection of roughness geometry has to be based on the parameter that takes into account both Thermal & Hydraulic (friction) performance i.e. Thermo-hydraulic Performance of Solar air collector. Number of roughness elements has been investigated on heat transfer & friction characteristics of solar air collectors. In this paper, reviews of various artificial roughness elements used as passive heat transfer techniques, in order to improve Thermo-hydraulic performance of solar air collectors is reviewed & presented. Correlations developed by various researchers with the help of experimental results for heat transfer & friction factor for solar air collector by taking different roughness geometries are given & these correlations are useful to predict the Thermo-hydraulic performance of solar air collector having roughened ducts. The objective of this paper is also the awareness of effect of various types’ roughness geometries on heat
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
2. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Management ICCTEM -2014
17 – 19, July 2014, Mysore, Karnataka, India
investigated the condensation in horizontal smooth and micro finned copper tubes having a diameter of 9 mm, were
successively flattened in order to determine changes in flow field characteristics as a round tube is altered into a flattened
tube profile. Refrigerants R134a and R410A was investigated mass flux range of 75 to 400 kg m-2 s-1 and a quality ranges
from 10–80%. The experimental results showed, increasing mass flux and vapour quality increases the heat transfer
coefficients due to the flattened tube may alter the flow field in a manner that increases the heat transfer without
changing the flow field configuration.
252
J.R.Thome et al., [3] investigated condensation in horizontal tubes, the simulation was developed to predict the
trend. The trend was based on heat transfer coefficient as a function of vapour quality and mass velocity. The results
showed, at the lowest flow rate of 30 kg m-2 s-1 the flow was in the stratified regime from inlet to outlet and the heat
transfer coefficient falls off slowly with decreasing vapor quality due to surface tension. Zhongyu Guo N. K. Anand,
[4] experimentally studied condensation for R-410A in a Rectangular channel. A two-phase loop to measure the
condensation heat transfer coefficient was designed, built, and calibrated. The test section was 3 m long horizontal
rectangular brass (63% Cu, 37% Zn by mass) tube 12.7 mm wide and 25.4 mm high. The results showed that average
condensation heat transfer coefficient decreases with a decrease in vapour quality due to the liquid phase increases with
increasing condensation M. M. Rahman, et al., [5] experimentally investigated condensation heat transfer enhancement
through inner grooved copper tubes in a heat exchanger. Experiment was conducted at mass flux variations of 200 to 600
kg/m2 and the vapor qualities ranged from 90% at the inlet to 20% at the outlet and R-22 was used as the working fluid.
The result showed that, condensation heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop are found to be increased as the mass
flux is increased due to increasing in flow mean velocity. S.N. Sapali and Pradeep A.Patil [6] experimentally investigated
two phase heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops of R-404A for different condensing temperatures in a smooth
(8.56 mm ID) and micro-fin tube (8.96 mm ID). The experiment was performed at average saturated condensing
temperatures ranging from 35°C to 60°C. The mass fluxes are at a range of 90 and 800 kg m-2s-1. The experimental
results showed that, the average heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop increases with mass flux but decreases with
increasing condensing temperature.
Todd M. Bandhauer and Akhil Agarwal Srinivas Garimella [7] developed a model for predicting heat transfer
during condensation of refrigerant R134a in horizontal micro channel was presented. The result showed that, the heat
transfer coefficient increases with increasing vapour quality and mass flux due to increase of shear stress and thin liquid
film that reduces the thermal resistance. Melanie Derby et al., [8] experimentally investigated condensation heat transfer
of R134a in 1mm square, triangular, and semi-circular mini-channels. The results showed, for all three test sections heat
transfer coefficients increased with increasing mass flux and vapour quality due to experimental uncertainties or an effect
of the relative magnitude of surface tension, shear, and gravity forces. A.S. Dalkilic, S. Wongwises [9] conducted an
experiment to investigate the condensation on zeotropic refrigerants over the wide range of mass flux in horizontal tubes.
The results showed that, heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing in the mass flux and quality in annular flow
due to increased shear stress and thinner liquid film than in other flow regimes. Al-Hajeri et al., [10] investigated the heat
transfer performance during condensation of R-134a inside helicoidal tubes. The refrigerant side heat transfer coefficient
and overall heat transfer coefficient decrease as the saturation temperature increases due to surface tension effect.
Gil Goss júnior et al., [11] performed experiments on heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop during
condensation of R-134a inside parallel micro channels. The heat transfer coefficient is independent of the mass velocity.
The dependence of heat transfer coefficient on the vapor quality is not clear for vapor quality greater than 0.6. It is
important to note that, the fluid pressure is directly proportional to the mass velocity and the heat transfer coefficient
increases with the rise in pressure, and the opposite occurs due to the effect of mass flow rate. Somchai wongwises,
Maitree polsongkram [12] the two phase heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of pure HFC-134a condensing inside
a smooth helically coiled concentric tube in tube heat exchanger are experimentally investigated. The experimental result
showed that, pressure drop is increased with increasing vapour quality and mass flux due to increase of mass flux will
increase the vapour velocity. Hence, the shear stress at the interface of the vapour and liquid film increases as a result
pressure drop increases.
2. FABRICATION OF MINICHANNEL CONDENSER
A aluminum bar of cross section (150mm X 50mm) is fabricated for single rectangular minichannel of hydraulic
diameter 2mm and length of 96mm was cut on top and bottom sides of the rectangular block as shown in Fig.1(a), (b).
The top and bottom of the rectangular block was covered with the help of cover plates. Two cover plates are provided
with two drilled holes for the inlet and outlet of the working fluid and coolant. The channel plate and cover plate is
tightened by using bolt and nuts. The entire shape of the test specimen was machined by C.N.C milling machine.
3. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Management ICCTEM -2014
17 – 19, July 2014, Mysore, Karnataka, India
253
(a) Rectangular channel for
refrigerant side
(b) Rectangular channel for
coolant side
Fig.1: (a), (b): Fabrications of rectangular channel test section
Table 1: Specification of the test specimen
Rectangular channel geometry
Width Depth Hydraulic
diameter
Length
3mm 1.5mm 2mm 96mm
3. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Fig.2: Experimental Setup
The experimentation involves two cycles they are refrigerant cycle and coolant cycle. The refrigerant cycle
consists of pump, digital pressure gauge and thermocouple. In this refrigerant cycle, two major components are arranged
in series as shown in Fig.2 and they are preheater and minichannel condenser. The experimentation was carried out using
steam is a refrigerant and water as a coolant in the condenser. The preheater is completely insulated with the glass wool.
Fig.2 shows the test line assembled for the experimental investigation of flow condensation in single rectangular
minichannel. The booster pumps are used to circulate the refrigerant and coolant through the test line. The generated
vapour is condensed in the test section. The five thermocouples are inserted between the refrigerant and the coolant side
in the test section as shown in Fig.2. The properties like temperature, pressure and flow rate are measured at various
points during testing. Finally the condensate from the condenser was measured using the chemical burette.
4. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Management ICCTEM -2014
17 – 19, July 2014, Mysore, Karnataka, India
254
4. OPERATING PARAMETERS
Table 2: Operating Conditions
Sl.N
o
Saturati
on
tempera
ture
(°C)
Saturation
pressure
(bar)
Mass
flow
rate of
water
Mass
flow
rate
of
coola
nt
Inlet
Vapour
quality
g/s
1
100 1.01325
0.8
1
0.2/0.4/
0.6/0.8
2 0.6
0.2/0.4/
0.6/0.8
3 0.4
0.2/0.4/
0.6/0.8
5. DATA REDUCTION
The total heat input to the preheater is given by.
5. (1)
Where,
m- Mass flow rate of the water (kg/sec)
hfg - latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg)
Cp - Specific heat of water (kJ/kg °C)
Tsat - Saturated temperature of water (°C)
Tinlet - Inlet cold water temperature (°C)
- Dryness fraction
Heat absorbed by cooling water (Q c) is given by;
6. (2)
Where,
mc - Mass flow rate of coolant (kg/s)
Cp - Specific heat of cooling water (kJ/kg °C)
Tco - Outlet coolant temperature (°C)
Tci - Inlet coolant temperature (°C)
Heat transfer coefficient is given by;
h=
7. ! (3)
Where,
Qc- Heat absorbed by coolant (W)
Ts - Saturated temperature of water (°C)
Twavg - Average wall temperature (°C)
A - Surface area of the channel (m2)
= (w + 2 a) × L
w - Width of the channel (m)
a - Depth of the channel (m)
L - Length of the channel (m)
8. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Management ICCTEM -2014
17 – 19, July 2014, Mysore, Karnataka, India
6.1 Effect of inlet vapour quality on heat transfer coefficient
255
6. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS
Fig.3: Effect of mass flux and inlet vapour quality on heat transfer coefficient
Fig.3 shows the effect of mass flux and inlet vapour quality on the heat transfer coefficient for a given
condensation temperature of 100°C. In rectangular channel cross section, heat transfer coefficient increased with a
increase in vapour quality due to the increase in shear stress at the wall surface and thinning of the liquid film that
decreases the thermal resistance and also heat transfer coefficient increased with the increasing mass flux due to an
increase in flow mean velocity.
6.2 Effect of wall temperature along the channel length for Rectangular cross section
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Fig.4: (a), (b), (c), (d): Effect of wall temperature along the rectangular channel length for varying mass flux
9. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Management ICCTEM -2014
17 – 19, July 2014, Mysore, Karnataka, India
256
Fig.4 (a), (b), (c), (d) shows the variation of wall temperature along length of the rectangular channel. From the
initial observation of the result, it clearly indicates there is a decrease in the trend of the wall temperature along the
channel length. In addition to that it is evident from the Fig.4 the highest wall temperatures was found at highest mass
flux of 177.78 kgm-2s-1. This trend was observed for all the vapour quality. This is due to the low temperature gradient on
the coolant side and increase in the Reynolds number. This increase in the Reynolds number is due to increase in the
mass velocity of refrigerant.
6.3 Effect of mass flux on pressure drop for Rectangular channel
Fig.5: Effect of mass flux on the pressure drop for rectangular channel
The effect of mass flux on the frictional pressure drops during the condensation as shown in Fig.5. The Fig.5
represents the relationship between the frictional pressure drop and the averaged inlet vapour quality at a fixed saturation
temperature of 100°C. The two phase frictional pressure drop is obtained by subtracting pressure at the inlet and outlet
manifold of the channel. It can be seen that frictional pressure drop is increased with increasing vapour quality due to
higher velocity of vapour flow causes more shear stress at the interface of the vapour and liquid film as a result pressure
drop increases.
6.4 Comparison with correlation
Fig.6: Comparison with condensation correlation for rectangular channel
From the Fig.6 it is observed that experimental data are compared with the existing condensation correlation
Chato (1962) developed for both the mini and macro scale. The correlations serve as tools for general comparison;
specific comparisons are not possible as the following correlations were developed for uniformly cooled circular and non
circular tubes. The correlation developed by the Chato (1962) was best predicted with the obtained experimental data.
7. CONCLUSION
The flow condensation heat transfer coefficient can be measured in horizontal single rectangular channel test
specimen with hydraulic diameter of 2mm. The test was carried by varying mass flux 88.88 kg/m2s, 133.33 kg/m2s and
177.78 kg/m2s and vapour quality ranges from 0.2 to 0.8 at a fixed saturation temperature of 100 °C. The experimental
10. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Management ICCTEM -2014
17 – 19, July 2014, Mysore, Karnataka, India
result was obtained, as the mass flux and vapours quality increases there is an increase in condensation heat transfer
coefficient and pressure drop. And the obtained experimental data was best predicted with the existing correlation.
257
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Am appreciate Mr. VILAS WATVE, Assistant professor in AIT, chickmagalur and Mr. MANU S, Assistant
professor in SSIT, Tumkur for providing me them valuable guidance and my greatfull parents for their support.
NOMENCLATURE
m-Meter
w-Watt
Tsat - Saturation temperature
mc- Mass flow rate of coolant in (kg/s)
Cp- Specific heat of coolant in (kJ/kg °c)
Tco and Tci -Outlet and inlet temperature of coolant in (°c)
Re-Reynolds number
Co-Condensation number
Dh-Hydraulic diameter (m)
hf - Inlet enthalpy of the water in to the sink(kJ/kg)
hfg -Latent heat of vaporization(kJ/kg)
Qa=I*V is the heat to the heater (w)
Qc-Heat removed by refrigerant in (w)
A- Area of surface in (m2)
a- Depth of the channel in (m)
L- Length of the channel in (m)
8. REFERENCES
Book
[1] Jeong Seob Shin Moo Hwan Kim, “An Experimental Study of Flow Condensation Heat Transfer Inside
Circular and Rectangular Mini-Channels”, Heat Transfer Engineering, Vol. 26:3, 2005, pp. 36-44.
Journal paper
[2] M.J. Wilsona, T.A. Newella, J.C. Chatoa, C.A. Infante Ferreira, “Refrigerant charge, pressure drop, and
condensation heat transfer in flattened tubes”, International Journal of Refrigeration Vol.26, 2003, pp. 442–451.
[3] J.R.Thome,J.ElHajal, A. Cavallini, “Condensation in horizontal tubes, part 2: new heat transfer model based on
flow regimes”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Vol.46, 2003, pp.3365–3387.
Research paper
[4] Zhongyu Guo N. K. Anand, “Condensation of R-410A in a Rectangular Channel”, HVACR Research,
Vol.5:2, 1999, pp. 97-122.
International conference paper
[5] M. M. Rahman, Malaysia Y. M. Ling, Malaysia G.W.Soon, Malaysia, “An Experimental Investigation of
Condensation and Evaporation Heat Transfer of R-22 inside Internally Grooved Copper Tubes”, ICCBT-F-(04),
2008, pp.35-48.
Journal Paper
[6] S.N. Sapali, Pradeep a.Patil, “two-phase condensation heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops of R-404a for
different condensing temperatures in a smooth and micro-fin tube”, International Journal of Engineering Science
and Technology Vol.1(2), 2009, pp.43-58.
[7] Todd M. Bandhauer, Akhil Agarwal Srinivas Garimella, “Measurement and Modeling of Condensation Heat
Transfer Coefficients in Circular Microchannels”. http://www.asme.org/terms/Terms_Use.cfm.2006.
11. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Management ICCTEM -2014
17 – 19, July 2014, Mysore, Karnataka, India
258
[8] Melanie Derby, Hee Joon Lee , Yoav Peles , Michael K. Jensen, “Experimentally investigated Condensation heat
transfer in square, triangular, and semi-circular mini-channels”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
Vol.55, 2012, pp 187–197.
[9] A.S. Dalkilic, S. Wongwises, Intensive literature review of condensation inside smooth and enhanced tubes,
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Vol.52, 2009, pp. 3409–3426.
Book
[10] M.H. Al-Hajeri, A.M. Koluib, M. Mosaad and S. Al-Kulaib Heat transfer performance during condensation of
R-134a inside helicoidal tubes Energy Conversion and Management Vol.48, 2007, pp. 2309–2315.
Proceeding paper
[11] Gil goss júnior, stefano frasson macarini, júlio césar passos, “heat transfer and pressure drop during condensation
of R-134a inside parallel micro channels”, Proceedings of the ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint
Conference AJTEC2011 March 13-17, 2011, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
Books
[12] Somchai Wongwises , Maitree polsongkram, Condensation heat transfer and pressure drop of HFC-134a in a
helically coiled concentric tube-in-tube heat exchanger, Fluid Mechanics, Thermal Engineering and Multiphase
Flow Research Lab.(FUTURE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Mongkut's University of
technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.