The document discusses existentialism as a philosophy related to education, highlighting key philosophers like Søren Kierkegaard and Jean-Paul Sartre. It emphasizes that individual existence precedes essence, meaning humans create their own nature through choices, and stresses the importance of personal responsibility in shaping one's life. Educational implications suggest that learning should foster self-awareness and responsibility, encouraging students to understand themselves as unique individuals.

1. EXISTENTIALISM
Philosophy of Education
Reporters:
Almaiz, Jan Cydrick O.
Gregori, Jinky B.
Mongcal, Nathalie B.

2. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students must:
1.Identify the proponents of existentialism
2.Explain the idea of existentialism in education
3.Know the difference between essence and
existence

3. Sӧren Kierkegaard(1813-1855)
Danish philosopher born in
Copenhagen
The father of existentialism
Human existence is always
individual in character, never social

4. Man functions, grows,
develops, makes choices,
suffers, experiences intense
feelings, and faces God as an
individual.
 “Life is not a problem to be
solved, but a reality to be
experienced.”
Sӧren Kierkegaard (1813-1855)

5. Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)
French philosopher and
principal spokesman for the
existentialist movement in
post-war France.
An atheistic existentialist.
Arguably the best known
philosopher of the twentieth
century.

6. Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)
“Existence precedes essence.”
Essence is created by existence;
human nature is a product of
existence.
Man first exists without purpose or
definition, finds himself in the
world and only then, as a reaction
to experience, defines the meaning
of life

7. According to him, since there is no
God or designer to give man a
purpose, it is up to the individual to
choose the life they think best.
We are responsible for everything
we do.
“Man is condemned to be free.”
“The destiny of man is placed within
himself.”
Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)

8. What is EXISTENCE?

11. What is ESSENCE?

13. What is Existentialism?
It is subjective.
Humans possess free will and stand in an
absurd and meaningless world or universe.
Every individual is unique.
 Individuals have to take responsibility for
their own actions and shape their own
destinies.

14. Emphasis on human responsibility and
judgment in ethical matters.
The individual is the sole judge of his or
her own actions.
Human freedom is understood precisely
as the freedom to choose.
What is Existentialism?

15. “Existence precedes essence.”
 Human persons do not possess the
essence; they make choices that create
their own nature.
 Choice is vital and inevitable to human
existence; even the refusal to choose is a
choice
What is Existentialism?

16. “At birth, man lacks human nature, Man
creates himself; what he is, he himself
made. Man is only what he himself wills
himself to be. Man is nothing else but what
he makes of himself…”
(Sahakian and Sahakian, pp. 563- 565)
What is Existentialism?

17. The will enables man to make a conscious
decision of what he will be.
Choice or decision makes one
responsible for the effects of his choice
not only to himself but also to others
since his choice also affects other people.
What is Existentialism?

18. Educational Implication:
Classroom dialogues stimulate awareness
that each person creates self-concept
through significant choices.
What is Existentialism?

19. Aim of Education
To help students understand and appreciate themselves
as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility
for their thoughts, feelings, and actions.
To educate the whole person, not just the mind, since
feeling is not divorced from reason in decision making.
To help the learner become fully his authentic self

20. EVALUATION
1. Which of the following describes existentialism correctly?
a. Emphasizes the existence of an individual as a free ad responsible
agent of society.
b. Emphasizes the creation of the world which is a product of the big
bag theory.
c. Emphasizes how humans used science to prove things came to be.
d. Emphasizes the origin of the world.

21. 2. A Danish Philosopher who known as the Father of
Existentialism
A. Jean-Paul Sartre
B. Soren Kierkegaard
C. John Locke
D. Plato
EVALUATION

22. 3. Differentiate existence and presence.
4. Why it is important to study existentialism?
EVALUATION (answer briefly)