Existentialism, as outlined by Sartre, posits that 'existence precedes essence,' meaning individuals exist first and define themselves later. The philosophy emphasizes personal freedom and the responsibility of individuals to shape their essence through choices, highlighting the anguish that comes with this awareness. Sartre addresses the concept of despair as recognizing our lack of control over others' actions, and critiques quietism for ignoring this existential struggle.

1. Existentialism
and Humanism

2. “ Existence precedes essence ”
Main concept ofexistentialism
Theexistence ofaperson is
prior tohis orher essence.

3. As a traditional philosophy,
essence precedes existence.
It wouldn’t exist without
knowing what it’s for.
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As a Sartes’ philosophy,
existence precedes essence
We exist first, then we define
ourselves later.

4. encounters himself,
“ Man first of all exists,
surgesupintheworld
-anddefineshimself
afterward”
And only the individual can
define his or her essence.

5. Anguish is the awareness of our own freedom.
the individual's action will affect and shape
mankind
"In fashioning myself, I
fashion Man”

6. Sartre talks about the dilemma of the young
man choosing between staying home with
his mom and joining the French resistance
to explain abandonment.

7. What is despair?
Despair = the awareness that we
cannot control the actions of other.

8. Sartre’s response :
Quietism is itself a form of ignoring
despair. It says “Let other do what I
cannot .

9. This is an objections raised against
Existentialism.
Because Existentialism denies a priori values
and says that every choice is equally.

10. Thank you for
your attention.