Existentialism is a philosophical movement that emphasizes individual existence, freedom and choice. Some key ideas include: (1) existence precedes essence, meaning humans define their own essence through their actions rather than having a predetermined essence; (2) authenticity refers to living in accordance with your freely made choices rather than what others expect; (3) anxiety arises from realizing one's freedom and responsibility to define oneself. Existentialism influenced many artists and writers in the mid-20th century.