Management process

1. Guru jambeshwar university
science & technology
Presented By:
Naveen
Roll No. 16105040
MBA (Marketing)
Department - HSB
96608-39808

2. Early Thinking About
Management
Machiavelli And Sun Tzu: Early Strategists
Machiavelli’s Principles:
1.An organization is more stable if members have the right
to express their views and solve their conflicts within it.
2. While on person can begin an organization, it is lasting
when it is left in care of many
3.A weak manager can follow a strong manager

3. • Sun tzu’s principles:
1. When the enemy advances, we retreat!
2. When the enemy halts, we harass!
3. When the enemy seeks to avoid battle, we
attack!
4. When the enemy retreats, we pursue!

4. Why Study Management Theory?
1. Theories provide a stable focus for understanding what we
experience. A theory provides criteria for determining what is
relevant.
2. Theories unable us to communicate efficiently and thus move
into more and more complex relationship with other people.
3. Theories make it possible indeed, challenges us to keep
learning about our world.

5. Evolution of management
1.How people have wrestled with matter of
relationship at particular time
2.this includes scientific management,
classical organization theory , the
behavioral school and management science

6. The Scientific
Management school
• The meaning of scientific management is performing the work
of mgt. in a scientific manner, discarding the traditional
approaches to management and adopting newer.
Fredrick Winslow Taylor is known as the father of scientific
management theory.
According to F.W. Taylor scientific management is the act of
knowing exactly what you want to do and then seeing to it that the
do in the best and the cheapest way.

7. Feature of scientific management :
1. Systematic approach
2. Brings complete mental change
3. Discards traditional management
4. Improves the efficiency of workers
5. Gives due weightage to specialization
6. Useful for large organization
7. Attempts to minimize wastages

8. Principles of Scientific
Management
1. Science, not a thumb of rule
2. Harmony, not discard
3. Cooperation, not individualism
4. Development of each and every person to his/her
greatest efficiency and prosperity

9. Scientific Study of Work
1. Method Study: It refers to identify the most suitable way to do
a particular activity.
2. Motion Study: It refers to conduct the study of motions being
performed by workers and machines while doing job
3. Time Study: It refers to determine the standard time required
to complete a particular activity.
4. Fatigue Study: it refers to determine the duration and
frequency of rest intervals to complete a particular job.

10. F.W. Taylor(1856-1915)
F.W. Taylor rested is philosophy on four basic principles:
1. The development of a true science of management, so that
the best method for performing each task could be
determine.
2. The scientific selection of workers, so that each worker
would be given responsibility.
3. The scientific education and development of the workers.
4. Intimate, friendly cooperation between management and
labor.

11. Contribution of Scientific Management Theory:
The modern assembly line pours out finished products faster
than Taylor could even have imagined. This production miracle is
just one legacy of scientific management.
In addition, its efficiency techniques have been applied to
many tasks in non industrial organizations, such as fast food
service.

12. • The Gilbreths: Frank B. and Lillian M. Gilbreth
made their contribution to scientific moment as a husband and
wife team. Both of them collaborated on the fatigue and
motion studies and focused on way of promoting the individual
worker’s welfare. To them ultimate aim of scientific
management was to help worker to reach their full potential as
human beings.

13. Classical Organization
Theory School
Where scientific management theory was concerned with
increasing the productivity of the shop and the individual worker.
Classical organization theory grew out of the need to find
guidelines for managing such complex organizations as factory.
Henry Fayol is generally hailed as the founder of the classical
organization theory not because he was first to investigate
managerial behavior but because he was first to systemized it.

14. Fayol's 14 Principles of management:
1. Division of work
2. Authority and responsibility
3. Discipline
4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction
6. Subordinate of individual interest to general interest
7. Remuneration to employees

15. 8. Centralisation and decentralisation
9. The Hierarchy or scalar chain
10. Order
11. Equity
12. Stability of staff
13.Initiative
14.Esprit de crops

16. The Behavioral School
A group of mgt. scholars trained in sociology, psychology and
related fields who use their diverse knowledge to propose more
effective ways to manage people in organization.
Hawthorne Effect: The possibility that workers who receive special
attention will perform better because they received that attention,
one interpretation of studies by Elton Mayo and his collegues.

17. Hawthorne Effect of Elton Mayo:
investigate the relationship
between the level of lighting in the work place and worker
productivity.
Divided the employers into two groups – test group and
control group.
Concept of “social man”

18. Management Science
School
Operational Research Team- expertise of mathematicians,
physicists and other scientists.
Operation Research: Mathematical techniques for the
modeling, analysis and solutions of mgt. problems. It also
called mgt. science.

20. Thank You..