This document discusses ethical hacking and system administration. It defines hacking and different types of hackers such as black hats, white hats, and gray hats. Ethical hacking is described as penetration testing done with permission to help strengthen security. The roles and skills of a system administrator are outlined, including installing, maintaining, and troubleshooting systems and networks. Career opportunities in ethical hacking and system administration are global across many industries.

1. ETHICAL HACKING AND
SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION
By Rajan Maharjan

2.  Hacking
 Types of Hackers
 Ethical Hacking
 System Administrator
 Administration includes
 Skills and Prerequisites
 Career in ethical hacking and system
administration

3.  Hacking is unauthorized use of computer
and network resources.
 According to Computer Crime Research
Center:“It is act of gaining access
without legal authorization to computer
or computer network.”

4.  Dec 04 2013
Hackers Compromise 2 Million
Facebook, Twitter and Gmail Accounts
http://mashable.com/2013/12/04/hackers-facebook-twitter-gmail/
 Jan 29 2014
GoDaddy Admits Hacker’s Social
Engineering Led It To Divulge Info In
@N Twitter Account Hack
http://techcrunch.com/2014/01/29/godaddy-admits-hackers-social-engineering-
led-it-to-divulge-info-in-n-twitter-account-hack/
 Record-breaking DDoS attack in
Europe hits 400Gbps
http://news.cnet.com/8301-1009_3-57618762-83/record-breaking-ddos-attack-
in-europe-hits-400gbps/

5. The term hacker has dual usage in modern
days but was defined in early days as:
HACKER noun
1.A person who enjoys learning the details of
computer systems and how to stretch their
capabilities—as opposed to most users of
computers, who prefer to learn only the
minimum
amount necessary.
2. One who programs enthusiastically or who
enjoys programming rather than just theorizing
about programming.

6. TYPES OF HACKERS
 Black hats :– highly skilled, malicious,
destructive “crackers” ; offensive
 White hats – skills used for defensive
security analysts ; defensive
 Gray hats – offensively and defensively;
will hack for different reasons, depends
on situation.

7. ETHICAL HACKING
 Ethical hacking ,also known as penetration
testing or white-hat hacking with the
permission of the target.
 involves the same tools, tricks, and
techniques that hackers use, i.e, by
duplicating the intent and actions of
malicious hacker.

8. Ethical Hackers
 Trustworthy security professional
 Applies hacking skills for defensive purpose
 Has very strong programming skill and system
understanding
 Firewalls: configurations, and operation of
intrusion detection systems.
 License to hack
 The International Council of E-Commerce
Consultants (EC-Council) provides a professional
certification for Certified Ethical Hackers (CEH).

9. ETHICAL HACKING PROCESS
1. Preparation
 Identification of target – website, mail server
etc.
 Signing of contract
 Agreement on protection against any legal
issue.
 Contracts to clearly specify limits and
dangers of the test.
 Total time for testing.
 Key people made aware of testing.

10. ETHICAL HACKING PROCESS CONTD..
2. FOOTPRINTING
 Collecting required information about target:
DNS server. IP ranges. Administrative
contacts. Problem reveled by administrator.
3. ENUMERATION AND FINGERPRINTING
 Operating system enumeration. Identification of
services/open port.
3. IDENTIFICATION OF VULNERABILITIES:
 Vulnerabilities Insecure configuration. Weak
passwords. Insecure programming. Weak
access control.

11. SYSTEM ADMINISTRATOR
 A system administrator, or sysadmin, is a
person who is responsible for the upkeep,
configuration, and reliable operation of
computer systems; especially multi-user
computers, such as servers.
Network administrator
Database administrator
System Engineer
IT Engineer

12. ROLES OF SYSADMIN
 Installing, maintaining and troubleshooting
workstations, servers, OSs, software applications and
other computing systems
 Creating user accounts and assigning user
permissions
 Security and Firewall Setup
 Creating backup and retrieval policies and assigning
bulk storage
 Creating System and network monitoring systems
 Updating systems upon release of new OSs or software

13. ROLES OF SYSADMIN CONTD..
 Strategic planning for service and system outages
 Light programming or scripting System-related project
management
 User training and management High-level technical
knowledge and technical support experience
 Hardware and software system security, such as
protection against hardware theft and abuse,
malware/spyware and unauthorized use of systems
and components, including firewall and intrusion
detection system(IDS)

14. DESIRED TRAITS AND SKILLS
 Deep understanding of system and netwoking
 Cloud Technology
 Linux
 Virtualization
 Routing Protocols and Layers (IP,TCP, OSPF)
 Scripting ( bash, python, powershell etc)
 Database administration
 Certifications ( MCSE,RHCE, CCNA, CEH etc ) *
 Problem solving ability
 Multitasking
 Patience

15. CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
 Local and global opportunities
 Software Companies
 Banks
 ISPs
 Department of IT in all companies
 Freelancing
 Lot more

16. THANKYOU ALL!
ANY QUESTIONS?
razanwidz@gmail.com
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