International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Low Profile CombinedArray Antenna for Wireless Applicationdbpublications
In wireless communication, micro strip antenna is used for various applications such as Wireless local area network, Bluetooth, Cordless Telephones and ISM band. Here a low profile microstrip antenna is to be designed. The antenna is constructed with FR4 substrate having relative permittivity of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. The unique (symmetric) array design enhances the narrow bandwidth and gain. The design results in extended WLANin X-band applications. Using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software package, the antenna is simulated and dimensions are adjusted to achieve the desired resonant frequencies for desired operation.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Size Reduction and Gain Enhancement of a Microstrip Antenna using Partially D...IJECEIAES
Microwave engineers have been known to designedly created defects in the shape of carved out patterns on the ground plane of microstrip circuits and transmission lines for a long time, although their implementations to the antennas are comparatively new. The term Defected Ground Structure (DGS), precisely means a single or finite number of defects. At the beginning, DGS was employed underneath printed feed lines to suppress higher harmonics. Then DGS was directly integrated with antennas to improve the radiation characteristics, gain and to suppress mutual coupling between adjacent elements. Since then, the DGS techniques have been explored extensively and have led to many possible applications in the communication industry. The objective of this paper is to design and investigate microstrip patch antenna that operates at 2.4 GHz for Wireless Local Area Network WLAN IEEE 802.11b/g/n, ,Zigbee, Wireless HART, Bluetooth and several proprietary technologies that operate in the 2.4 GHz band. The design of the proposed antenna involves using partially Defected Ground Structure and circular/cross slots and compare it to the traditional microstrip patch antenna. The results show improvement in both the gain of 3.45 dB and the S11 response of -22.3 dB along with reduction in the overall dimensions of the antenna. As a conclusion, the performance of the antenna has been improved through the incorporation with the DGS and slots structures regarding the S11 response and the gain. The proposed antenna become more compact. Finally, the radiation pattern of proposed antenna has remained directional in spite of adding slots on the ground plane.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Low Profile CombinedArray Antenna for Wireless Applicationdbpublications
In wireless communication, micro strip antenna is used for various applications such as Wireless local area network, Bluetooth, Cordless Telephones and ISM band. Here a low profile microstrip antenna is to be designed. The antenna is constructed with FR4 substrate having relative permittivity of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. The unique (symmetric) array design enhances the narrow bandwidth and gain. The design results in extended WLANin X-band applications. Using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software package, the antenna is simulated and dimensions are adjusted to achieve the desired resonant frequencies for desired operation.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Size Reduction and Gain Enhancement of a Microstrip Antenna using Partially D...IJECEIAES
Microwave engineers have been known to designedly created defects in the shape of carved out patterns on the ground plane of microstrip circuits and transmission lines for a long time, although their implementations to the antennas are comparatively new. The term Defected Ground Structure (DGS), precisely means a single or finite number of defects. At the beginning, DGS was employed underneath printed feed lines to suppress higher harmonics. Then DGS was directly integrated with antennas to improve the radiation characteristics, gain and to suppress mutual coupling between adjacent elements. Since then, the DGS techniques have been explored extensively and have led to many possible applications in the communication industry. The objective of this paper is to design and investigate microstrip patch antenna that operates at 2.4 GHz for Wireless Local Area Network WLAN IEEE 802.11b/g/n, ,Zigbee, Wireless HART, Bluetooth and several proprietary technologies that operate in the 2.4 GHz band. The design of the proposed antenna involves using partially Defected Ground Structure and circular/cross slots and compare it to the traditional microstrip patch antenna. The results show improvement in both the gain of 3.45 dB and the S11 response of -22.3 dB along with reduction in the overall dimensions of the antenna. As a conclusion, the performance of the antenna has been improved through the incorporation with the DGS and slots structures regarding the S11 response and the gain. The proposed antenna become more compact. Finally, the radiation pattern of proposed antenna has remained directional in spite of adding slots on the ground plane.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Compact Dual Band Elliptical Microstrip Antenna for Ku/K Band Satellite App...IJECEIAES
This paper presents an original elliptical microstrip patch antenna is proposed for Ku/K band satellite applications. The proposed antenna has a simple structure, small size with dimensions of about 10×12×1.58 mm³. The antenna has been designed and simulated on an FR4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness of 1.58 mm. The design is simulated by two different electromagnetic solvers. The results from the measured data show that the antenna has two resonant frequencies that define 2 bandwidths, defined by a return loss of less than -10 dB, and are: (14.44 GHz, 829 MHz) and (21.05 GHz, 5126 MHz),with the gain 5.59 dB and 5.048 dB respectively. The proposed antenna can be used in many applications such as in satellite, and wireless communications.
Multi Slot Uwb Antennas to Minimize the Interferences from Wlan & X-Band Appl...IOSRJECE
In this paper designs of different UWB patch antennas with two rejected bands are given. The reference antenna consists of a rectangular patch etched on FR4- epoxy substrate with 50 Ω feed line and relative permittivity 4.4.. The simulated bandwidth with return loss (RL) ≥10 dB is 3.42–11.7 GHz. The rejected bands here are the WLAN and X-bands, achieved by inserting slots in the patch and the feed. The simulation results of the antennas indicate higher gain at the pass bands while a sharp drop at the rejected bands is seen. The second (reference) antenna consists of a hexagonal patch etched on FR4- epoxy substrate with 50 Ω feed line and relative permittivity 4.4,shows better return loss and rejection of the bands. The high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) is used to design and simulate the antennas behaviour over the different frequency ranges. Measurements confirm the antenna characteristic as predicted in the simulation with a slight shift in frequencies.
Bandwidth Enhancement of Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna with parallel r...IJERA Editor
Many applications require very broadband antenna, but the narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna restricts its wide usage. The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip patch antenna. For this purpose, we cut three rectangular parallel slots in the proposed antenna. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass epoxy FR4 having εr=4. 4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared with that of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies 4.49 GHz and 4.90 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the WLAN applications and IMT-band frequency operations. The designed antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 19.7%. This is approximately six times higher than that in a conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 3%) having the same dimensions.
Planar Internal Antenna Design for Cellular Applications & SAR AnalysisIJERD Editor
This paper presents a new design of direct-fed Multi band printed Planar Internal Antenna (PIA), for
cellular applications. The PIA antenna is composed of ground plane, meander radiating strip and two other
parasitic strips are printed on a common substrate. The designed antenna has been simulated in CST
environment. The simulated results for the resonant frequency, return loss, radiation pattern and gain are
presented and discussed. The bandwidths for three resonance achieved on the basis of -6 dB return loss.These
Bandwidths can be utilized for GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900, LTE 2300 and Bluetooth/WLAN as an
acceptable reference in mobile phones applications. Further the antenna was placed in proximity to the SAR
head on CST environment. The simulated results of SAR analysis are presented in this paper with acceptable
range.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Broadband Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna With U Shaped Slot For Wima...IJERA Editor
The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of Rhombus ShapedMicrostrip Patch Antenna.For this purpose, we cut „U‟ shaped slot in the proposed antenna geometry. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass epoxy FR4 having εr=4.4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared with that of a conventional Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna and conventional Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies 5.20 GHz and 5.58 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the WiMax applications. The designed antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 22.32%. This is approximately six times higher than that in a conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 3.6%) having the same dimensions.
Design of Dual Frequency Antenna For Global Positioning systemijsrd.com
In recent years low profile, light weight antennas are preferred for the applications which need mobility. In this research the polygonal-shape Microstrip Single Patch Antenna has been designed for GPS dual resonant frequencies (GPS L1 1.575 GHz & L5 1.176 GHz band). Simulated results for main parameters such as return loss, bandwidth, radiation patterns and gains are also discussed herein. The Designing, Simulation & Optimization of this antenna is done in ADS Software. Result of the simulation shows at 1.575 GHz and 1.176 GHz, the antenna has return loss at -20.862 dB and -14.162 dB respectively. .
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design of Square Miniaturized L Band Fractal AntennaEditor IJMTER
This paper introduces a new square patch miniaturized antenna operating in L band. The
design and analysis of the antenna is executed using IE3D electromagnetic simulation software using
substrate parameter of glass epoxy FR-4 substrate. In this paper, a Square patch of 10X10 mm2 is
investigated. In further improvements, parts of the patch are removed in two iterations to obtain a
miniaturized antenna. The proposed fractal antenna has a great potential of application and gives a
stable radiation performance in the frequency range of 1.333 GHz to 2 GHz.
Designing of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for C-Band ApplicationIJMER
Microstrip patch antenna becoming very popular day by day because of its ease of analysis, fabrication, low cast, light weight easy to feed and their attractive radiation characteristics. In this paper we proposed the designed of rectangular microstrip patch antenna to operate at frequency range 5-6 GHz. The simulation is carried out using high frequency simulation structure (HFSS) program.
The antenna is based on the modified epoxy substrate with dielectric constant of approximate 4.4. After simulation rectangular microstrip antenna performs characteristics such as VSWR & return loss smith chart
Bandwidth enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch antenna using slotsIOSR Journals
In this paper, a new design of rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) without slot, with slots
and array is proposed and analyzed. The designed antenna has been simulated using HFSS software. The
simulated results for return loss, radiation pattern and gain are presented and discussed. The bandwidth of
proposed antenna is 2.4GHz-5.9GHz for VSWR(voltage standing wave ratio)<2><-
10dB return loss as an acceptable reference in wireless applications which cover worldwide interoperability for
microwave access (WiMAX) and wireless local area network (WLAN) and other applications. Gain of 10dB is
achieved for antenna array.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Compact Dual Band Elliptical Microstrip Antenna for Ku/K Band Satellite App...IJECEIAES
This paper presents an original elliptical microstrip patch antenna is proposed for Ku/K band satellite applications. The proposed antenna has a simple structure, small size with dimensions of about 10×12×1.58 mm³. The antenna has been designed and simulated on an FR4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness of 1.58 mm. The design is simulated by two different electromagnetic solvers. The results from the measured data show that the antenna has two resonant frequencies that define 2 bandwidths, defined by a return loss of less than -10 dB, and are: (14.44 GHz, 829 MHz) and (21.05 GHz, 5126 MHz),with the gain 5.59 dB and 5.048 dB respectively. The proposed antenna can be used in many applications such as in satellite, and wireless communications.
Multi Slot Uwb Antennas to Minimize the Interferences from Wlan & X-Band Appl...IOSRJECE
In this paper designs of different UWB patch antennas with two rejected bands are given. The reference antenna consists of a rectangular patch etched on FR4- epoxy substrate with 50 Ω feed line and relative permittivity 4.4.. The simulated bandwidth with return loss (RL) ≥10 dB is 3.42–11.7 GHz. The rejected bands here are the WLAN and X-bands, achieved by inserting slots in the patch and the feed. The simulation results of the antennas indicate higher gain at the pass bands while a sharp drop at the rejected bands is seen. The second (reference) antenna consists of a hexagonal patch etched on FR4- epoxy substrate with 50 Ω feed line and relative permittivity 4.4,shows better return loss and rejection of the bands. The high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) is used to design and simulate the antennas behaviour over the different frequency ranges. Measurements confirm the antenna characteristic as predicted in the simulation with a slight shift in frequencies.
Bandwidth Enhancement of Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna with parallel r...IJERA Editor
Many applications require very broadband antenna, but the narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna restricts its wide usage. The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip patch antenna. For this purpose, we cut three rectangular parallel slots in the proposed antenna. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass epoxy FR4 having εr=4. 4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared with that of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies 4.49 GHz and 4.90 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the WLAN applications and IMT-band frequency operations. The designed antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 19.7%. This is approximately six times higher than that in a conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 3%) having the same dimensions.
Planar Internal Antenna Design for Cellular Applications & SAR AnalysisIJERD Editor
This paper presents a new design of direct-fed Multi band printed Planar Internal Antenna (PIA), for
cellular applications. The PIA antenna is composed of ground plane, meander radiating strip and two other
parasitic strips are printed on a common substrate. The designed antenna has been simulated in CST
environment. The simulated results for the resonant frequency, return loss, radiation pattern and gain are
presented and discussed. The bandwidths for three resonance achieved on the basis of -6 dB return loss.These
Bandwidths can be utilized for GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900, LTE 2300 and Bluetooth/WLAN as an
acceptable reference in mobile phones applications. Further the antenna was placed in proximity to the SAR
head on CST environment. The simulated results of SAR analysis are presented in this paper with acceptable
range.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Broadband Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna With U Shaped Slot For Wima...IJERA Editor
The aim of this paper is to enhance the bandwidth of Rhombus ShapedMicrostrip Patch Antenna.For this purpose, we cut „U‟ shaped slot in the proposed antenna geometry. The dielectric substrate material of the antenna is glass epoxy FR4 having εr=4.4 and loss tangent 0.025. The performance of the final modified antenna is compared with that of a conventional Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna and conventional Rhombus Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna. The designed antenna has two resonant frequencies 5.20 GHz and 5.58 GHz. So this antenna is best suitable for the WiMax applications. The designed antenna offers much improved impedance bandwidth 22.32%. This is approximately six times higher than that in a conventional rectangular patch antenna (Bandwidth= 3.6%) having the same dimensions.
Design of Dual Frequency Antenna For Global Positioning systemijsrd.com
In recent years low profile, light weight antennas are preferred for the applications which need mobility. In this research the polygonal-shape Microstrip Single Patch Antenna has been designed for GPS dual resonant frequencies (GPS L1 1.575 GHz & L5 1.176 GHz band). Simulated results for main parameters such as return loss, bandwidth, radiation patterns and gains are also discussed herein. The Designing, Simulation & Optimization of this antenna is done in ADS Software. Result of the simulation shows at 1.575 GHz and 1.176 GHz, the antenna has return loss at -20.862 dB and -14.162 dB respectively. .
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design of Square Miniaturized L Band Fractal AntennaEditor IJMTER
This paper introduces a new square patch miniaturized antenna operating in L band. The
design and analysis of the antenna is executed using IE3D electromagnetic simulation software using
substrate parameter of glass epoxy FR-4 substrate. In this paper, a Square patch of 10X10 mm2 is
investigated. In further improvements, parts of the patch are removed in two iterations to obtain a
miniaturized antenna. The proposed fractal antenna has a great potential of application and gives a
stable radiation performance in the frequency range of 1.333 GHz to 2 GHz.
Designing of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for C-Band ApplicationIJMER
Microstrip patch antenna becoming very popular day by day because of its ease of analysis, fabrication, low cast, light weight easy to feed and their attractive radiation characteristics. In this paper we proposed the designed of rectangular microstrip patch antenna to operate at frequency range 5-6 GHz. The simulation is carried out using high frequency simulation structure (HFSS) program.
The antenna is based on the modified epoxy substrate with dielectric constant of approximate 4.4. After simulation rectangular microstrip antenna performs characteristics such as VSWR & return loss smith chart
Bandwidth enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch antenna using slotsIOSR Journals
In this paper, a new design of rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) without slot, with slots
and array is proposed and analyzed. The designed antenna has been simulated using HFSS software. The
simulated results for return loss, radiation pattern and gain are presented and discussed. The bandwidth of
proposed antenna is 2.4GHz-5.9GHz for VSWR(voltage standing wave ratio)<2><-
10dB return loss as an acceptable reference in wireless applications which cover worldwide interoperability for
microwave access (WiMAX) and wireless local area network (WLAN) and other applications. Gain of 10dB is
achieved for antenna array.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) aims to cover the latest outstanding developments in the field of all Engineering Technologies & science.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A small H-shaped microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with enhanced bandwidth is presented. The H-shaped antenna is first studied and then fully simulated by HFSS. A dual U slot H patch configuration is proposed to increase the narrow bandwidth, radiation efficiency and directivity. A novel H-shaped patch antenna suitable for wireless and satellite communications is presented. This paper presents the dual U slot H-shaped microstrip patch antenna feed by transmission line. The decrease in the prices of handheld devices and services has made available on the move internet and web services facility to the customers, small antennas requirement are increasing. In this paper H-shaped patch antenna is designed using FR4 substrate. The proposed modified H shaped antenna is designed and simulated using HFSS and caters to various wireless applications such as WiMAX, Wi-Fi, UMTS and Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) e.g. T V, etc.
MINIATURISATION OF PATCH ANTENNA USING NOVEL FRACTAL GEOMETRYIAEME Publication
In the Field of low profile antennamicro strip patch antennas have attracted many researchers due to small sizeand low cost of fabrication. One of trending member of new designs is Fractalantenna. Fractal shapes are recursive/repetitive self-similar geometries, dueto this self-similarity they can provide high gain, multiband, widebandsolutions and design miniature antenna. Fractal shapes are widely used incomputing, analysis and design; recent trends suggest positive outcomes ofusing fractal shapes in electromagnetics and communication system. In thispaper Jerusalem cube fractal shape is introduced in probe fed conventionalpatch antenna for L1 band. A dual band antenna resonating at 1.41 GHz (L) and3.37 (S) GHz, band is constructed using said fractal shape.
Microstrip Rectangular Monopole Antennas with Defected Ground for UWB Applica...IJECEIAES
This paper presents the design of new compact antennas for ultra wide band applications. Each antenna consists of a rectangular patch fed by 50Ω microstrip transmission line and the ground element is a defected ground structure (DGS). The aim of this study is to improve the bandwidth of these antennas by using DGS and the modification geometry of rectangular structure, which gives new compact antennas for UWB applications. The input impedance bandwidth of the antennas with S11<-10dB is more than 10GHz, from 3GHz to more than 14 GHz. The proposed antennas are investigated and optimized by using CST microwave studio, they are validated by using another electromagnetic solver Ansoft HFSS. The measured parameters present good agreement with simulation. The final antenna structures offer excellent performances for UWB system.
This paper presents the Microstrip patch antenna for WLAN applications with planar geometry and it consists of a defected ground (DGS), a feed, a substrate, and a patch. The design with DGS has been analyzed taking different dimensions of H Slot and achieve optimized dimensions with the help of CST, Microwave Studio commercial software for WLAN band at 5.20 GHz frequency with corresponding bandwidth of 310 MHz to optimize antenna’s properties. Results show that the final designed antenna has favorable characteristics at this frequency.
Microstrip patch antenna for pcs and wlaneSAT Journals
Abstract Due to development in wireless devices, it poses a new challenge for the design of an antenna in wireless communication. Patch antennas are well suited for various wireless application systems due to their low weight, low profile, versatility, conformability, low cost and low sensitivity to manufacturing tolerances. This paper present design, simulation of a rectangular micro strip antenna for WLAN and PCS. The aim of the work is to design reliable broadband, compact patch antenna for wireless devices. Antenna is proposed which is providing circular polarization, dual band, resonant frequencies at 1.9 GHz, 2.4 GHz. Key Words: Patch antenna, co-axial feeding, polarization, dual band, HFSS …
5G Fixed Beam Switching on Microstrip Patch Antenna IJECEIAES
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Et4301877882
1. K. Swetha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 3( Version 1), March 2014, pp.877-882
www.ijera.com 877 | P a g e
C-Slot Coaxial fed Microstrip Patch antenna for DTV reception
Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao. S 1
, K. Swetha 2
, B.N.V.Sai Kiran3
, Md.Altaf Jani3
,
D.Muddu Krishna3
, B.Veerendra 3
1
Head of the Department, ECE. Ramachandra College of Engineering, A.P, India
2
Assistant Professor & Project Guide , Department of ECE, Ramachandra College of Engineering, A.P, India.
3
Project students, Department of ECE, Ramachandra College of Engineering, A.P, India.
ABSTRACT
In this paper a novel design of small sized, low profile coaxial fed microstrip patch antenna is proposed for terrestrial DTV
signal reception applications in the UHF band frequency range of 540-890MHz. Designed model was C-slot Microstrip
antenna. Different parameters like return loss which is 21.44dB at 640MHz, VSWR as 1.1851, gain along θ, Ø directions,
radiation pattern in 2D & 3D where the 2-D gain is 7.57dB, axial ratio, E & H field distributions, current distributions are
simulated using HFSS 13.0. The measured parameters satisfy required limits hence making the proposed antenna suitable for
DTV reception applications in the UHF band.
Keywords: DTV, coaxial fed, FR4
I. INTRODUCTION
Conventionally,Yagi antenna has been used
together with a TV receiver system to capture the
illumination of the electromagnetic wave energy
broadcasted from a TV broadcasting station. This
antenna type has become more popular among the
people living both in urban or rural. The popularity
of Yagi antenna is not only due to the excellent
electrical characteristics such as gain and directivity
but also other benefits including easiness in the
process of design/ construction/fabrication,
installation and maintenance. Yagi antenna is also
very easy to find and inexpensive in the local market
[4].
Apart from these advantages and ease of
practical application, this type of antenna has some
limitations in terms of the flexibility of use. If there
are 2 to 3 sets of TV receiver device in one house, it
will take more towers to install them. The negative
impact raised in the environmental issue. The beauty
scene degraded due to the crowded arrangement of
the antenna installation where it occupies large
space. The atmosphere like that is very disturbing
view. Meanwhile, as the position of the TV receiver
changed in the building the configuration of cable
connection must be reinstalled. Also the gain
insufficiency for remote applications, appearance of
grating lobes makes the Yagi disadvantageous.
Nowadays, there is a Yagi antenna for
indoor applications widely available in the market
place which can be connected to the TV receiver to
replace the outdoor one. But in terms of size and
model it would require the proper arrangement of the
room/space so that the quality of signal reception
cannot be interfered due to the mobility of moving
objects/people and the influence of interference from
electronic devices in the vicinity[2]. This
arrangement should also consider the beauty aspect
in the room. For applications in other communication
systems to access various DVB services such as from
mobile phones, laptops/notebooks and PDAs the
newest research and innovations concerning the
construction of the internal antenna are very
important to conduct. The antenna design must fits
perfectly integrated inside a communication device.
Some research activities to discover a new internal
antenna have been published [5-9].
The results of investigations on a number of
the internal antenna specifically designed to be
integrated with digital TV receiver has been
proposed[3].The choice of monopole[17], printed
monopole[12-13], dipole antennas[14-15] improve
the bandwidth to a greater extent. But, monopole
antennas are of large size and difficult to build and
integrate. Printed monopole antennas also have
numerous advantages like low profile, small size,
easy integration but has disadvantage of low broad
impedance bandwidth and low omnidirectional
radiation pattern. The dipole antennas have large
input impedance. So, an impedance matching
transformer or balun coil at feed point is required
which increases the size of antenna[1][17-21]. The
spiral antennas also proposed for this application[10-
11] have a dispersive nature. Due to the numerous
advantages of patch antenna[1][18-21] and in view of
various techniques to improve the performance of
microstrip patch antenna mentioned in [1], a C-slot to
enhance the bandwidth of proposed antenna is
choosen.
In this paper, a compact size patch antenna
is proposed with dielectric substrate as FR4 with
εr=4.4 and dimensions are base on resonant
frequency. Various attempts are made to adjust the
dimensions of the patch to impove the parameters
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
2. K. Swetha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 3( Version 1), March 2014, pp.877-882
www.ijera.com 878 | P a g e
like return loss, VSWR, gain along θ, Ø directions,
radiation pattern in 2-D and 3-D, axial ratio, E and H
Field Distributions, Current Distributions using
HFSS 13.0 which is a high performance full wave
EM field simulator for arbitarary 3D volumetric
passive device modelling that takes advantage of the
familiar Microsoft Windows graphical user interface.
It integrates simulation, visualization, solid
modelling, and automation in an easy to learn
environment where solutions to your 3D EM
problems are quickly and accurate obtained. Ansoft
HFSS employs the Finite Element Method (FEM),
adaptive meshing, and brilliant graphics to give you
unparalleled performance and insight to all of the 3D
EM problems.
II. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
The proposed structure of the antenna is
shown in Fig. (1). The antenna is simulated on an
FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a
loss tangent of 0.02. The thickness of the substrate is
2.67 cm. The size of the antenna is 19.83*15 cm2,
which is suitable for TV reception. Rectangle shaped
patch is taken with a C-slot as shown.
Fig. 1. Geometry of Patch antenna with C-Slot
The patch can be fed with a probe through
ground plane. The probe position can be inset for
matching the patch impedance with the input
impedance. This insetting minimizes probe radiation.
The ease of insetting and low radiations is
advantages of probe feeding as compared to
microstrip line feeding. The dimensions of shaped
patch shown in Fig. (1) are L=19.83cm, W=15cm
which are designed at operating frequency 600 MHz.
Fig. 2. Ansoft-HFSS generated antenna model
Figure (2) shows the proposed antenna on
FR4 Substrate using Ansoft-HFSS.
III. SIMULATION RESULTS
A. Return loss
It is a measure of the reflected energy from a
transmitted signal. It is commonly expressed in
positive dB's.The larger the value the less energy
that is reflected.
Fig 3. Return loss
Figure (3) shows the return loss Curve for
the proposed antenna at 600 MHz. A return loss of
21.44dB is obtained at desired frequency of
640MHz.
B.2D Gain & 3D gain Totals
The term Antenna Gain describes how much
power is transmitted in the direction of peak
radiation to that of an isotropic source.
300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00 800.00 900.00
Freq [MHz]
-22.50
-20.00
-17.50
-15.00
-12.50
-10.00
-7.50
-5.00
-2.50
0.00
dB(St(coax_pin_T1,coax_pin_T1))
Patch_Antenna_ADKv1XY Plot 1 ANSOFT
m1
Curve Info
dB(St(coax_pin_T1,coax_pin_T1))
Setup1 : Sweep1
Name X Y
m1 640.7035 -21.4409
3. K. Swetha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 3( Version 1), March 2014, pp.877-882
www.ijera.com 879 | P a g e
Fig 4. 2D-Gain Total
Fig 5. 3D-Gain Total
Figure (4-5) shows the antenna gain in 2D
&3D patterns. The gain of proposed antenna at
2.4GHz is obtained as 7.5695dB. The gain above
6dB is acceptable.
C.VSWR
The VSWR is a measure of the impedance
mismatch between the transmitter and the antenna.
The higher the VSWR, the greater is the mismatch.
The minimum VSWR which corresponds to a perfect
match is unity.
Fig.6. VSWR
The VSWR for the proposed antenna is less
than the 2dB. The obtained value is 1.1851 from Fig
6.
D.Radiation Patterns
The radiation pattern of an antenna is a plot
of the far-field radiation properties of antenna as a
function of the spatial co-ordinates which are
specified by the elevation angle θ and the azimuth
angle φ.It is a plot of the power radiated from an
antenna per unit solid angle which is nothing but the
radiation intensity.
Fig. 7a. Gain in Total
Fig. 7b. Gain along Phi
Fig. 7c. Gain along Theta
Since a Micro strip patch antenna radiates
normal to its patch surface, the elevation pattern for
φ = 0 and φ = 90 degrees would be important. The
radiation pattern for proposed microstrip patch
antenna for gain-Total, phi and
theta at 0deg and 90deg is presented in figure
7(a),7(b), 7(c).
E. Axial Ratio
Axial Ratio is the ratio of peak value in the major
lobe to peak value in the minor Lobe direction.
Fig.8. Axial Ratio
-200.00 -150.00 -100.00 -50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00
Theta [deg]
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
-0.00
5.00
10.00
Y1
Patch_Antenna_ADKv1ff_2D_GainTotal ANSOFT
m1 m2
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)_1
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='90deg'
Name X Y
m1 -16.0000 7.5695
m2 2.0000 7.2220
300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00 800.00 900.00
Freq [MHz]
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
VSWRt(coax_pin_T1)
Patch_Antenna_ADKv1XY Plot 2 ANSOFT
m1
Curve Info
VSWRt(coax_pin_T1)
Setup1 : Sweep1
Name X Y
m1 640.7035 1.1851
0.35
0.70
1.05
1.40
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Patch_Antenna_ADKv1Radiation Pattern 8 ANSOFT
Curve Info
rETotal
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='0deg'
rETotal
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='90deg'
0.30
0.60
0.90
1.20
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Patch_Antenna_ADKv1Radiation Pattern 10 ANSOFT
Curve Info
mag(rEPhi)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='0deg'
mag(rEPhi)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='90deg'
0.35
0.70
1.05
1.40
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Patch_Antenna_ADKv1Radiation Pattern 11 ANSOFT
Curve Info
mag(rETheta)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='0deg'
mag(rETheta)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='90deg'
-200.00 -150.00 -100.00 -50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00
Theta [deg]
0.00
500.00
1000.00
1500.00
2000.00
2500.00
3000.00
mag(AxialRatioValue)
Patch_Antenna_ADKv1XY Plot 6 ANSOFT
m1
m2
m3
Curve Info
mag(AxialRatioValue)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='0deg'
mag(AxialRatioValue)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='0.6GHz' Phi='90deg'
Name X Y
m1 -78.0000 2904.1941
m2 -2.0000 1894.9013
m3 0.0000 312.2299
4. K. Swetha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 3( Version 1), March 2014, pp.877-882
www.ijera.com 880 | P a g e
Axial ratio which is the ratio of the major
axis to the minor axis of the polarization ellipse
where the resulting pattern is an oscillating pattern is
obtained as in Fig 8
F.E- Field Distribution
An electric field can be visualized by
drawing field lines, which indicate both magnitude
and direction of the field. Field lines start on positive
charge and end on negative charge. The direction of
the field line at a point is the direction of the field at
that point. The relative magnitude of the electric field
is proportional to the density of the field lines.
Fig.9a: E-field Distribution
The effect produced by an electric charge
that exerts a force on charged objects is the E-Field
and its distributionin the patch is as shown in Fig 9a.
G.H-field Distribution
In the case of the same linearly polarized
antenna, this is the plane containing the magnetic
field vector and the direction of maximum radiation.
The magnetic field or "H" plane lies at a right angle
to the "E" plane. For a vertically-polarized antenna,
the H-plane usually coincides with the
horizontal/azimuth plane. For a horizontally-
polarized antenna, the H-plane usually coincides with
the vertical/elevation plane.
Fig.9b: H-field Distribution
The measured intensity of a magnetic field
in the patch is shown in Fig 9b.
H. Current Distrubution
Antennas are composed of conductive
material on which a current distribution determines
an antenna's defined parameters.
Fig.10: Mesh Pattern
The triangles show the current distribution.
Here the number of triangles inside the patch are
more than those on the substrate ie..the current
distribution in the patch is more when compared to
that inside the substrate in Fig10.
I. Field Vectors:
The polarization of the EM field describes
the time variations of the field vectors at a given
point. In other words, it describes the way the
direction and magnitude the field vectors (usually E )
change in time.
The electric field vector isperpendicular to both the
direction oftravel and the magnetic field vector. If the
field travels in counter clockwise direction, and out
of screen, it would be right hand elliptically
polarised. If the E-field vector is rotating in opposite
direction, the field would be left hand elliptically
polarized.
Fig 11a: E-Field Vector
6. K. Swetha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 3( Version 1), March 2014, pp.877-882
www.ijera.com 882 | P a g e
published a paper on “Phased Array Antenna
for Millimeter Wave Radar in W-band using
Liquid Crystal Substrate” VOL. 2, NO. 12,
December 2011 ISSN 2079-8407Journal of
Emerging Trends in Computing and
Information Sciences
[17] M. VenkataNarayana, I.Govadhani, K.P.Sai
Kumar, K. PushpaRupavathipublished paper
on “Comparative Analysis of Exponentially
Shaped Microstrip-Fed Planar Monopole
Antenna With and Without Notch “VOL. 2,
NO. 11, October 2011 ISSN 2079-8407
Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing
and Information Sciences
[18] M. VenkataNarayana, A.Vikranth, I.
Govardhani, Sd. KhajaNizamuddin, Ch.
Venkatesh published paper on”A Novel
Design of a Microstrip Patch Antenna with
an EndFire Radiation for SAR Applications”
Volume 2 No.1, January 2012 ISSN 2224-
3577 International Journal of Science and
Technology .
[19] I.Govardhani, M.VenkataNarayana, Prof
S.Venkateswarlu, K.Rajkamal Published
paper in International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN:
2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue
1,Jan-Feb 2012, pp.764-767 on Microstrip
patch antenna using holographic structure for
WLAN and Ku Band application.
[20] I.Govardhani ,M.VenkataNarayana Published
paper in International Journal of Computer
Science & Communication Networks,Vol
2(1), 375-380, ISSN:2249-5789 on
Rectangular Patch Array Antenna with
Liquid Crystal Substrate for Ka and Q Band
Applications
[21] Dr.K.S.N Murthy, VenkataRaviteja.K,
I.Govardhani, M.VenkataNarayanaPublished
a paper onMulti-band Ladder-shape
Microstrip Patch Antenna IJSER Volume 3,
Issue 3, March 2012 Edition
AUTHORS BIOGRAPHY
Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S. working as Head of ECE
Department in Ramachandra College of Engineering,
Eluru. Completed B. Tech in Kakatiya Institute of
Technology and Sciences, Warangal. Received
Masters degree from Jawaharlal Nehru
Technological University, Ananthapur A.P. Member
of ISTE, IETE & IE (India)
Kambhampati Swetha working as Assistant Professor
in RamaChandra college of Engineering, Eluru.
Completed B.tech in Nimra College of Engineering
affiliated to JNTU Kakinada. Received Masters
degree from the K.L.University. Area of Interests:
Microstrip Patch Anetnnas,Wireless
Communications And Satellite Communications.
B.N.V.Sai Kiran pursuing IV year B. Tech in
Ramachandra college of Engineering, Eluru.
Md.Altaf Jani Rao pursuing IV year B. Tech in
Ramachandra college of Engineering, Eluru.
D.Muddu Krishna pursuing IV year B. Tech in
Ramachandra college of Engineering, Eluru.
B.Veerendra kumar pursuing IV year B. Tech in
Ramachandra college of Engineering, Eluru.