A breakdown of political reform items on which Ronald Kimmons and John Culberson agree and disagree. For more information, see democracy.com/ronald-kimmons.
Equity, Politics and Hypocrisy. Lessons from other countries and the case for...John Middleton
A presentation of the national disaster of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK (especially England) A combination of political dogma, incompetence, negligence and corruption, and a brief consideration of corporate manslaughter. 200910 middletonj vr3 corporate manslaughter
A breakdown of political reform items on which Ronald Kimmons and John Culberson agree and disagree. For more information, see democracy.com/ronald-kimmons.
Equity, Politics and Hypocrisy. Lessons from other countries and the case for...John Middleton
A presentation of the national disaster of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK (especially England) A combination of political dogma, incompetence, negligence and corruption, and a brief consideration of corporate manslaughter. 200910 middletonj vr3 corporate manslaughter
Brian Moore For Governor of Florida/DEMOCRATjenkan04
Brian Moore on the issues for Governor of Florida
Candidates personal history
Presented by The Highlands Tea Party http://thehighlandsteaparty.com /
Prepared by John Nelson
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms has found that the violations of human rights in Egypt and the phenomenon of forced disappearances in particular had expanded in range and exacerbated in a way that may alert the Egyptian society to a real catastrophe, while monitoring the human rights in Egypt, starting from mid-2014 until now.
We made sure that the phenomenon of forced disappearance is not just a blip but a systematic strategy followed by security agencies in order to exert stress over political opposition in some cases, or to conceal the torture which has been spreading like wildfire that amounted in some cases to a murder.
We have spotted 1023 Egyptian citizens being subjected to gradual forced disappearance during the first half of 2015. Whereas the number In January, 2015 was only 44 citizens then it amounted to 91 citizens in February, 160 in March, 228 in April, and we were shocked by the rise of the number of citizens subjected to forced disappearance in May which reached 393 cases and in June it reached 278 cases. These numbers are the overall we could monitor from January 1st, 2015 to June 30th, 2015 and not the total number of cases; Amid extremely difficult circumstances of monitoring and documentation and for those running the process, from security threats and prosecutions to all the workers in the field of human rights in Egypt, either individuals or civil society organizations.
The governorates of north and central Egypt have the largest share of forced disappearance cases in which Gharbiya Governorate has 293 followed by Beheira Governorate with 152, then Cairo with 108, Kafr El Shiekh 75, Giza 71, Alexandria 54, Sharquia 50, Portsaid 45, Dakahlya 41, Qaliubiya 32, Beni Suef 29, Damietta 26, Monofia 21, Fayoum 14, Suez 10, Sohag 10, Qena5, Minya and Assiut Governorates 8 cases each, Aswan and Ismailia 4 cases each, Luxor with 2 cases and Finally what we could count in North Sinai was 5 cases.
Brian Moore For Governor of Florida/DEMOCRATjenkan04
Brian Moore on the issues for Governor of Florida
Candidates personal history
Presented by The Highlands Tea Party http://thehighlandsteaparty.com /
Prepared by John Nelson
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms has found that the violations of human rights in Egypt and the phenomenon of forced disappearances in particular had expanded in range and exacerbated in a way that may alert the Egyptian society to a real catastrophe, while monitoring the human rights in Egypt, starting from mid-2014 until now.
We made sure that the phenomenon of forced disappearance is not just a blip but a systematic strategy followed by security agencies in order to exert stress over political opposition in some cases, or to conceal the torture which has been spreading like wildfire that amounted in some cases to a murder.
We have spotted 1023 Egyptian citizens being subjected to gradual forced disappearance during the first half of 2015. Whereas the number In January, 2015 was only 44 citizens then it amounted to 91 citizens in February, 160 in March, 228 in April, and we were shocked by the rise of the number of citizens subjected to forced disappearance in May which reached 393 cases and in June it reached 278 cases. These numbers are the overall we could monitor from January 1st, 2015 to June 30th, 2015 and not the total number of cases; Amid extremely difficult circumstances of monitoring and documentation and for those running the process, from security threats and prosecutions to all the workers in the field of human rights in Egypt, either individuals or civil society organizations.
The governorates of north and central Egypt have the largest share of forced disappearance cases in which Gharbiya Governorate has 293 followed by Beheira Governorate with 152, then Cairo with 108, Kafr El Shiekh 75, Giza 71, Alexandria 54, Sharquia 50, Portsaid 45, Dakahlya 41, Qaliubiya 32, Beni Suef 29, Damietta 26, Monofia 21, Fayoum 14, Suez 10, Sohag 10, Qena5, Minya and Assiut Governorates 8 cases each, Aswan and Ismailia 4 cases each, Luxor with 2 cases and Finally what we could count in North Sinai was 5 cases.
Us Immigration Policy Presentation At Ardsley Hs 2009russell2008
I used this slide show during my presentation on the immigration issue at Ardsley High School in Westchester County, New York. I was a congressional candidate in 2008 and supported the control of illegal immigration control and the reduction of legal immigration. My congressional website is www.RussellforCongress.com.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
5. •American Revolution
caused debt
The Power to Collect Taxes
•Tax was necessary
to pay debt
•Article 1, Section 8 of
the U.S. Constitution
granted Congress
power to tax
6. The Federal Government Dollar-
Where It Comes From
Excise, Customs,
Estate, Gift, and
Miscellaneous Taxes
7%
Personal
Income Taxes
43%
Social Security, Medicare,
and Unemployment and other
Retirement Taxes
35%
Corporate
Income Taxes
7%Borrowing to
Cover Deficit 8%
7. The Federal Government Dollar-
Where It Goes
Law Enforcement
and General
Government
3%
Social Security, Medicare, and
other Retirement
38%
National Defense,
Veterans, and
Foreign Affairs
20%
Social Programs
21%
Physical, Human, and
Community Development
10%
Net Interest on
the Debt
8%
8. How Taxes Evolve
House Ways and Means Committee
Full House
Senate Finance Committee
Full Senate
Joint Conference Committee
Senate/House Compromise bill
President vetoes bill
Tax law enacted
President signs bill
Veto override fails Veto override passes
10. Tax Avoidance versus Tax Evasion
•Tax Evasion: Failure to pay legally due taxes
•Tax Avoidance: Legal means of decreasing
your tax bill
11. •Information on taxpayer returns is private
Taxpayer Rights
•Taxpayers have the right to appeal an
IRS decision
12. “The income tax law
is a lot of bunk. The
government can’t
collect legal taxes
from illegal money.”
Al Capone
Editor's Notes
Taxes are a necessary part of life in the United States.
Although taxation has often received a less than favorable review by
taxpayers, the benefits of taxation are positive.
What do you think is meant by this quote? Do you agree with it?
(Answers will vary.)
Taxes are required payments of money to various levels of government.
Taxes provide revenue for public goods and services that benefit the
community and the nation as a whole.
Taxes help support goods and services such as our national defense, state and local police and protection agencies, health care, public education, financial aid for the disabled and unemployed, and social services for low-income families.
The amount of revenue raised by taxes determines the amount of
services the government can afford to provide.
Throughout history, taxation has been a powerful means of shaping
civilization.
Ancient Egyptians were known to tax all aspects of daily life.
Egyptians taxed foreigners, slaves, and the use of cooking oil necessary for preparing family meals.
Egyptians often were forced into slavery when taxes became too
high to pay.
Roman governments had an advanced system of taxation, which
included taxes on sales, inheritance, imports, and exports.
The Roman emperor Vespasian was famous for his liberal use of
taxation. He imposed the Fiscus Judaicus, which was a tax on Jews.
In addition, he taxed the urine that was used in cleaning and
tanning leather.
Peter the Great of Russia taxed hats, boots, beehives, basements,
chimneys, food, clothing, birth, marriage and burial in addition to taxing
beards and souls.
Even bachelors were taxed in England and the state of Missouri!
The American Revolution put our nation in a great deal of debt.
To pay this debt and to meet the needs of the United States citizens, the
framers of the Constitution in Article 1, Section 8, granted Congress the
powers to tax.
The income tax is the most significant means of raising revenue in the
federal government.
Payroll taxes, such as Social Security, Medicare, unemployment, and
other retirement taxes (FICA), account for the second largest source of
federal revenue through taxation.
Excise, estate, gift, and corporate income taxes, as well as customs,
borrowing to cover deficit, and miscellaneous taxes raise the rest of the
revenue needed by the federal government
Social Security, Medicare, and other retirement programs make up
the largest payout by the federal government. These programs
Provide income support for the retired and disabled and medical
care for the elderly.
National defense, veterans, and foreign affairs are another
expenditure. Money is provided to equip, modernize, and pay our armed
forces and to fund other national defense activities.
A portion of this funding is allotted for veteran’s benefits and services. About 1 percent of this money is given to foreign countries and United States embassies abroad to provide military and economic assistance and maintenance.
Social programs, such as Medicaid, food stamps, aid to families with
dependent children, health research, public health programs, assisted
housing, and social services are funded by revenue raised by taxes.
Law enforcement, general government activities (including the collection
of taxes), judicial activities, and prisons account for a small percentage
of expenditures.
The U.S. Constitution describes a formal tax legislation process. A
proposed tax law, called a bill, follows specific steps, beginning in the
Ways and Means Committee of the House of Representatives. After a
tax bill is approved by both the House and the Senate, it goes to the
President, who can either sign the bill into law or veto it.
The tax bill is initiated in the House of Representatives and referred
to the Ways and Means Committee. When members of this
committee reach agreement about the legislation, they write the
proposed law.
The bill goes to the full House, where it is debated, possibly
amended, and eventually approved.
The bill goes to the Senate, where it is reviewed and often rewritten
by the Finance Committee. The committee’s version is then
presented to the full Senate.
After the Senate approves the bill, it is sent to a joint committee of
House and Senate members, who try to arrive at a compromise
version.
The compromise version of the bill is sent to both the House and the
Senate for approval.
After Congress passes the bill, it goes to the President, who can
either sign it into law or veto it.
If the President vetoes the bill, Congress may try to override the veto
with a two-thirds vote of each house. If this vote succeeds, the bill
becomes law without the President’s signature.
In the United States, taxation operates under a system of
voluntary compliance.
Simply stated, this means that taxpayers are responsible for declaring all
of their income.
It is also the responsibility of taxpayers to obtain necessary forms and
instructions, provide complete information, and file their returns on time.
Unless each taxpayer declares and pays his or her fair share,
government services will suffer and honest taxpayers will end up
paying more.
Two issues involved with voluntary compliance are tax evasion and
tax avoidance.
Tax evasion is the failure to pay legally due taxes.
In this form of underground economy, people fail to report income to the government.
This reduces the government’s revenue and the filer’s tax bill. This form of tax cheating is difficult to measure.
It is estimated that taxpayers voluntarily pay only 80 percent of their legally owed taxes.
Tax avoidance is a legal means of decreasing your tax bill.
Examples of tax avoidance would be moving a business to a state with lower taxes, taking advantage of tax loopholes, or changing spending habits to avoid paying tax on certain items.
The distinction between tax avoidance and tax evasion is knowing and
taking legitimate deductions and credits when appropriate.
Taxpayers have the right to privacy. Information on returns is private and
confidential and can only be examined by authorized tax personnel.
Taxpayers have the right to appeal an IRS decision through the IRS
or a court.
Failure to pay legally owed taxes can result in fines or imprisonment for
tax fraud or tax evasion.
Al Capone, a man remembered as one of the most notorious criminals of the twentieth century, was imprisoned for tax evasion in June, 1930.
Spiro Agnew, our thirty–ninth vice president (1969–1973), resigned from office after being fined for tax evasion.
Be smart: Pay all taxes owed to the government!
Photo Credit: National Archives
