This document discusses the history and prevalence of graft and corruption in the Philippines. It begins by noting that honesty was valued in early Filipino culture but is now rare due to materialism. Corruption is more common in newly independent states and involves abuse of power for personal gain. Several forms of graft like dereliction of duty and bribery are described. The document outlines causes like discrepancies between cultural and legal norms, and effects like wasted resources and distrust in government. Preventative measures established by the Philippine constitution are mentioned.